1608-1763

The Duel for North America

A. France Finds a Foothold in Canada

1608 – Quebec founded Samuel de Champlain

“The Father of New France” Friendly with Hurons

Limited French immigration

B. New France Fans Out

Beaver furs Coureurs de bois

French Catholic missionaries

Ohio River Valley competition English v. French

Detroit – halt English Louisiana – halt Spanish

Robert de La Salle

C. The Clash of Empire

King William’s War and Queen Anne’s War English v. French Prelude to French & Indian

War English gain Canadian land

War of Jenkins’s Ear English v. Spanish/French Invasion of Georgia Privateering

D. Washington Inaugurates War with France

1754 – Ft. Duquesne Washington attacks French Washington and men

captured and released Begins French and Indian

War

E. Global War and Colonial Unity

1754 – The French & Indian War

The Albany Congress 7/13 colonial delegates Ben Franklin – “join or die”

cartoon Failed, but first step toward

unity

F. Braddock’s Blundering

British Gen. Braddock French use “Indian tactics”

Washington’s brush with death

Indian attacks increase/widen

Defeats pile up

G. Pitt’s Palms of Victory

William Pitt British government leader “Organizer of Victory”

1759 – Battle of Quebec James Wolfe Fall of Montreal French defeated

1763 – Treaty of Paris France kicked out of N.

America Canada to Mississippi –

British Britain – leading naval

power

H. Restless Colonists

Growing confidence British invincibility

Myth shattered American/British tensions

Equality American war smugglers

Colonial barriers dissolve

I. War’s Fateful Aftermath

Less dependence on Britain

1763 – Pontiac’s Rebellion Ohio Valley Smallpox blankets Indian defeat

Proclamation of 1763 Britain forbade settlement

west of Appalachians Britain – work out Indian

problem Colonists – form of

oppression Set stage for Revolutionary

War