Depletion of Natural

Resources

Classification and Reasons

1

Introduction

To meet the needs: food, energy, clothing and shelter

Utilization is at fast rate

Consumption rate is higher than the replenish rate

2

Introduction

There is collapse of past civilization

Still no real understanding of the problem

We continue to clear forest for wood, dams etc

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Depletion of

I. Water

AI. Mineral

III. Forest

IV. Soil

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I. Water

1. Introduction

2. Causes

3. Effects

4. Solution

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1. Introduction

a) Most important to sustain life

b) Need for all domestic use

c) Most misused

d) Cannot sustain industrial growth

d) Need for cooling, cleaning, solvent etc

e) Depleting natural aquifers

f)Polluting underground water6

2. Causes

a) Industries polluting

b) Disposal of municipal wastes

c) Disposal of agricultural pesticides and fertilizers

d) Changes in weather pattern

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3. Effects

a) Political issues affecting general public

b) Loss of live stock affects local economy

c) Agricultural productivity loss

d) Almost 20 % of the population experience water scarcity

d) Case study (i) Delhi Haryana (ii) West Asian Conflict

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4. Solution

a) Control by conservation

b) Location of new resources

c) Judicious use

d) Rain water harvesting

e) Desalination of older ponds and wells (expensive and sometimes impractical)

f)Effective irrigation techniques9

I. Mineral

1. Introduction

2. Causes

3. Effects

4. Solution

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1. Introduction

a) Non renewable resource Gift of nature

b) Coal, Iron, Copper, Metals, Non-Metals

c) Environment Pollution

d) Depleting land resources

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2. Causes

a) Industrial revolution around 1760 in England

b) Economy is based on fossil fuels (coal, petrol, diesel)

c) Building materials like stones, marble, granite

d) To support 8 to 9 % of GDP growth

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3. Effects

a) Search and drilling territories polluting environment

b) Local people life is affected

c) Landslides

d) Accidents while mining

e) Onshore mining affects marine life

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4. Solution

a) Strong legislations

b) More strong political will to preserve resources

c) Use of synthetic building materials

d) Low input and more output type of technologies like thermal power plant

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I. Forest

1. Introduction

2. Causes

3. Effects

4. Solution

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1. Introduction

a) Deforestation by logging and burning of trees

b) About 50 % of the forest resources have been destroyed

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2. Causes

a) Clearing for agriculture growth

b) Industrial development to meet the needs of the people

c) Need for farming

d) Building dams

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3. Effects

a) Increasing CO2

b) Decreasing Biodiversity

c) Changing water cycle

d) Landslides

e) Extinction of species

f) Global warming

g) Anthropogenic emissions

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4. Solution

a) Educate citizens

b) Reforestation

c) Special legislations

d) Environmental clearance for industries and irrigation projects

e) Programs like REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation)19