17- ishii - bad fruits of the civilized tree_alcohol and the sovereignty of cherokee nation (2008)

7/29/2019 17- Ishii - Bad Fruits of the Civilized Tree_Alcohol and the Sovereignty of Cherokee Nation (2008)

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Bad Fruits of the Civilized ree


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Bad Fruits of

the Civilized

Tree

alcohol & the sovereignty

of the cherokee nation

U N P 1 L L

izumi ishii


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P 1, 2, 3

ff A

P C N -

R,Ethnohistory50, . 4 (F

2003): 67195. U . A 6, C -

, A R, O

S, N

A W N B N W:

C W C

U,Journal of American

and Canadian Studies18 (2000): 115. U

.

2008 B R

U N. A

. M U

S A.

Library of CongressCataloging-in-publication Data

I, Iz,

B z : C /

Iz I.

. . (I S)

I

.

isbn-: ---- (: .

)

. C IA

H. . C I

R . . D

OH.

. D

S SH. I. .

e.ci

.'

S A C P.D A. S.


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For my parents, Jun and Keiko Ishii


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contents

series preface acknowledgments

introduction 1

1. A A 13

2. A S S 39

3. T M H G 59

4. A D 83

5. A N S 111

6. C ,A R, O S 133

C 165

notes 169

bibliography 219

index 245


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series preface

Bad Fruits of the Civilized ree: Alcohol and the Sovereignty ofthe Cherokee Nation - . I Iz I -z . S C , - . O

, fl I U.S. Cff. O , C - C z . U

C , , . I , , N

A . S j-

N , , ff


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1 series preface

N .A I -, q ,

Bad Fruits of the Civilized ree I S.

T PM D. GUniversity of North Carolina


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acknowledgments

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T P M D. G, . C - , G . P - -- ( ) . H

. I . T -fi, - . I I .

I -

. R D. E, K K, A J.P, A, R W. Jff


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1 acknowledgments

-

-

. I -

P Kz M SU,

C I, P R M. M, ,

I S. J

U, P, I -

P G.

I would like to express my gratitude to the Rotary

Foundation and the P.E.O. Sisterhood for supporting mygraduate education at the University of Kentucky. A grant

from the Phillips Fund for Native American Research from

the American Philosophical Society and grants from the

Department of History and the Graduate School at the

University of Kentucky generously financed archival research

outside the Lexington area. I deeply appreciate the assistance

of the staff in the Department of Special Collections at the

University of ulsa; the Oklahoma Historical Society; the

Western History Collections at the University of Oklahoma;

the Gilcrease Institute of American History and Art,

ulsa; the Frances E. Willard Memorial Library, Evanston,

Illinois; the Houghton Library of Harvard University;

and Wider Church Ministries of the United Church of

Christ. Troughout the years of my graduate studies at the

University of Kentucky I received friendly and supportive

assistance from librarians in the M. I. King and the newly

constructed William . Young libraries. Among those to

whom I am especially indebted are Brad Carrington and

Danice Nutter.

I . S -


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acknowledgments 1

J C, G OB, D

A. N, G, K D, C E. L,

R S, M M L, C M.

I G C, , ,

. I

J I

S U U

K. S S M, M S,

M A, S O, M W. H, C

N. I , K I, .Upon completion of my graduate studies at the University

of Kentucky, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

awarded me a postdoctoral fellowship that afforded me the

time and space to continue to work with Perdue and Green

as a visiting scholar at the University of North Carolina at

Chapel Hill. Back in Japan, the Institute of American and

Canadian Studies at Sophia University, the Kansai Forum

for JapanUnited States Intellectual Exchange in Osaka,

and my colleagues in the Institute for Language and Culture

at Doshisha University, Kyoto, provided me with opportu-

nities to present portions of this project. I would also like

to express my appreciation to both the editorial staff at the

University of Nebraska Press, who always dealt graciously

with the difficulties posed by having an author on the other

side of the Pacific, and the anonymous reviewers for the

press.

M , J

K I. W , , ,

I

C I U S. I , I


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1 acknowledgments

. I I , I . A

I , C , ff I I .


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Bad Fruits of the Civilized ree


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introduction 1

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introduction 1

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Cherokee Phoenix. I , C , , A -. S C, C

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introduction 1

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Cherokees, Grant notified the governor Again . . . [of ]considerable Quantities of Rum imported by the Georgiaraders into this Nation. Although Cherokee headmen

assured Grant that they would seize the kegs next timethey discovered the Rogues from Augusta, such pro-nouncements did not discourage Georgians from tradingrum to the Cherokees.65 In early summer, trader AnthonyLantignac imported ten kegs of rum into the country fromGeorgia.66

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- C. I - C D G L E C . A , S (S)Indins ere ong he Cherokees, nd hey sogh everyopporniy o ke he ribe bndon he Briish nd sideih he Frenh. Fering h he Cherokees old join

hese Frenh llies hen hey re in Liqor, Deere rgedLyelon o ke oneresres iediely; b iondid no oe qikly enogh.77 On Ags , Ellio rriedeighy-eigh kegs of r o For Prine George ner Keoeein pper Soh Crolin. Wiho noie, he disphedeny-for of he kegs o Cherokee villges. Te res re-ined in he for, b he pin s frid h Cherokees

old plnder he rehose in his bsene nd sel her bese, he believed, hey re Devils fer R.


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alcohol arrives 1

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alcohol arrives 1

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A he se ie, hoever, Cherokees inresingly in-orpored Anglo-Aerin pries nd beliefs. Alohol,herefore, probbly begn o hve dl enings, one rooed

in nien lre nd one qired fro rders nd fron-ier selers. By he Revolionry er, ny Cherokee en


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seeed o rve lohol. Morvin Broher Mrin Shneider,for exple, herd on Ne Yers Dy of

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1 a struggle for sovereignty

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a struggle for sovereignty 1

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68/279


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U.S. Aorney Generl Willi Wir rled, hoever,

h he Indins hve no righ o ipose his x on rd-

ers liensed nder he horiy of he U.S. o hi, Jdge

Whies opinion, hih pheld he righs of boh he federl

governen nd he Cherokee Nion, s erely poliil

soleis. Alhogh he reoended h he federl gov-

ernen onsider he hnging nre of he Cherokee N-

ion, Wir rejeed he Cherokee li h heir Nion s

independen nd sovereign bese by he reies of []

& he Cherokees pled heselves nder he proeionof he Unied Ses, nd of no oher sovereign h.


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M, U S their . R JM McCulloch v. Maryland(), W -

C - , [ C] . . . ,

, C.

One he denied he Cherokee Nions righ o levy xes,Wir proeeded o disssion of he Indin ribes prerog-ive o prohibi, logeher, rde hih Congress hs de-

lred o be open. Agin he sed h Congress alonehs herigh o sy hen his rde shll be open nd hen i shllbe sh. So long s heir reies rein in fore, he onin-ed, he Indins hve no poer o inerfere ih heir reg-lions, eiher by ddiion or sbrion. In his opinion, heCherokees ogh o be ordered iediely o give p heirrbirry ion gins he horiy of he Unied Ses.39

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W $,.

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fl C - .


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Noveber , , frher reinfored he reglion of he li-qor rffi ihin he Nion. If noniizens illeglly disrib-ed lohol in he Nion, hey no only hd o forfei he

liqor b lso hd o py fine of one hndred dollrs ihhlf going o he inforer nd he oher hlf o he CherokeeNionl resry. Ciizens of he Nion ere ssessed hese fine for prhsing spirios liqors fro nonii-zens ihin he liis of he Nion.47 An Aerin rder,Sel Henry, violed his l by selling brndy ihin heNion, b he Nionl Conil deided no o fine Henry

hen he sore never o brek he Nions ls gin.48T C, , . I

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73/279


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1 the moral high ground

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Cherokee Phoenix, . B

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78/279

the moral high ground 1

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, Phoenix C - - j. T C C

:

[G]e drnk nd yo ill do ny hing. If yo n okill n, ge drnk. If yo n o figh, ge drnk. Ifyo n o be poor, or if yo n o be overed ihrgs, ge drnk. If yo n o fll o ih yor besfriend, ge drnk. If yo n o ke ll yor friends

nd neighbors eneies, ge drnk. If yo n o shorenyor life, ge drnk. . . . Lsly, if yo n o be sre ohve yor sol go o hell, ge drnk gin nd gin, ndonine o beoe drnk, nd i ill go here.29

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86/279


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B . B I , the common Indian among the Cherokees is not declining, but

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93/279


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101/279

1 alcohol and dislocation

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102/279

alcohol and dislocation 1

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Alhogh hey did no sffer s h s heir erlier on-erprs did, he seond dehen of Cherokees heding

es o Indin erriory in he iner oflso experienedineperne on heir overlnd jorney.7 On Noveber , forexple, ondor B. B. Cnnon hd o ge o of bed boidnigh o del ih grop of drnken Cherokees.8

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103/279


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105/279


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106/279


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109/279


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110/279


bild rding hose ong he lrges Whiskey delers onhe line. Indins old soon ross he river nd obin liqorin he se of Arknss. Arsrong, oreover, fered h

Wood nd Hrris old evenlly engge in his illii yelrive bsiness heselves.38 In Deeber , Arsrongrevoked heir rding liense.39 In Mrh , he orderedCpin Sr o onfise he goods in Wood nd Hrrisssore, nd onh ler, L. Henry MKvi nd his enyen seized he sore b fond no liqor ihin.40 Alhoghhe did no dispe he ing sperinendens ion gins

Hrris nd Wood, Agen Sokes, iho h sreening,onined o isse lienses o rde in he Nion los ill.41 In , hen he esern Cherokees joined he OldSelers in he Wes, hiskey peddlers eloed he.

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113/279


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Y particular partiality C

open their mouths


122/279


do. Afer severl speehes delivered in Cherokee ndEnglish, he eeing en ino reess o olok, nd eperne pini enbled people o oe nd enjoy sweet

cold water s ell s brbeed e, bred, nd pooes.T D. B , F D S D.S - . A FfiM J, , .

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127/279


128/279

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1 a nation under siege

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130/279

a nation under siege 1

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131/279


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134/279


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17- ishii - bad fruits of the civilized tree_alcohol and the sovereignty of cherokee nation (2008)

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