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FruitBreedomics - WP2 Developing apple and peach pre- breeding material with new features I. Baumgartner (Agroscope), M. Kellerhals (Agroscope), A. Peil (JKI), A. Liverani (CRA), T. Pascal (INRA) Bologna, June 18th 2015

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Page 1: 18 baumgartner pascal

FruitBreedomics - WP2Developing apple and peach pre-breeding material with new featuresI. Baumgartner (Agroscope), M. Kellerhals (Agroscope), A. Peil (JKI), A. Liverani (CRA), T. Pascal (INRA)

Bologna, June 18th 2015

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Overview

powdery mildew

Apple (JKI, EVD)

Peach (INRA, CRA)

Objectives of pre-breeding

Sources of resistance and fruit traits

Controlled crosses

Selection methodologies (phenotypic, molecular markers)

Availability of plant material

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LG1

Rvi6 resistance to apple

scab

FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKIFocalized on resistance and fruit quality traits

LG2 LG3 LG4 LG5 LG6 LG7 LG8

LG9 LG10 LG11 LG12 LG13 LG14

LG15

LG16 LG17

Rvi2 resistance to apple

scab

Rvi11 resistance to apple

scab

Sd1resistance

to rosy apple leaf-

curling aphid

FBF7resistance

to fire blight

Rvi4 resistance to apple

scab

Md-PG1 fruit

texture

Md-ACS1 shelf

life

Pl1resistance

to powdery mildew

Rvi12 resistance to apple

scab

Plmresistance

to powdery mildew

Pl2 resistance

to powdery mildew

Apple genetic linkage map (17 chromosomes)

Pldresistance

to powdery mildew

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FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Objective: pyramiding of scab resistance genes (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6)

in combination with: • mildew resistance • low fire blight

susceptibility• fruit quality

2011 : 3 crosses established, progeny size: 187-324 seeds/progeny

2012 : phenotypic and molecular selection (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld FBF7)

2013 : tree nursery (147 plants: combination of 2 scab + 1 mildew resist.)

2014: planted, first fruit (ACW 24962)

ACW 17053 (Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7FBF7) x ACW 16102 (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1)

ACW 24962 (Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7)

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FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Genotypes of selected seedlings of population 1114

Genotype No. of genotypes Genotype No. of

genotypesRvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl2 FBF7

Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7

Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7

Rvi2 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7

112325332

Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7

Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7

Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl2 FBF7

Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 FBF7

533242761

Scab resistance genes:

Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6

Powdery mildew resistance genes: Pl1 Pl2

Fire blight QTL: FBF7

1114: ACW 17053 (Rvi6, Pl2, FBF7FBF7) x ACW 16102 (Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6, Pl1)

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FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Objective: new source of scab resistance from Hansen’s baccata #2

in combination with: • low chilling• fruit quality 1310: ACW 18913 (Golden

x Hansen’s baccata #2) x Arlet (-)

2011/12/13 : 8 crosses established, progeny size: 2-1263 seeds/progeny

2013/14 : phenotypic selection 2014/15 :

tree nursery molecular analysis (Rvi12/Vb and

Vbsc)

A second scab resistance Vbsc has been identified in Hansen’s baccata #2 and its progenies (A. Patocchi)

Phenotype: sc = stellate chlorosis

(Rvi12/Vb)

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FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD)Objectives: new traits low allergenic potential and specific aroma

Ladina (Rvi6, FBF7, litchi flavor, Md-ACS1, MD-PG1)

Berlepsch (low allergenic)

2013 : crosses established low allergenic potential: 2 crosses > 770

seeds specific aroma: 1 cross > 230 seeds

2014 : phenotypic selection in F1 for scab resistance after artificial

inoculation for tree features: growth and mildew

resistance 2015 : tree nurseryMother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds SelectedModi (Rvi6 MD-

PG1, low allergenic)

Berlepsch (scab resistance, low

allergenic)

449 20

Modi (Rvi6 MD-PG1, low

allergenic)

Goldparmäne Belrène (MD-PG1, low

allergenic)

324 30

Ladina (Rvi6 FBF7 Md-ACS1 MD-PG1,

litchi flavor)

ACW 20728 (ACW 16102 x ACW 16146)

(Rvi2 Pl1, mango flavor)

237 6

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FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKIObjective: pyramiding of mildew resistance genes (Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm)

in combination with: • apple scab resistance• fire blight resistance

Powdery mildew on Topaz

2011/12 : 23 crosses established, progeny size: 0 - 270 seeds/progeny

2012/13 : phenotypic and molecular selection (Rvi2 Rvi4 Rvi6 Pl1 Pl2 Pld Plm FBF7 Sd1)

2013/14 : planted in the orchard or grafted on M9/interstem (309 genotypes)

Ariwa (Rvi6 Pl1) x ACW 8099 (Rvi6 Pl2)

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FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKI Genotypes of selected seedlings of populations

GenotypeNo. of

genotypes

Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Pl2Rvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Sd1 Pl1 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 FbF7 Pl1 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 Sd1 Pl1 PlmRvi2 Rvi4 Pl1 Plm

112822134

GenotypeNo. of

genotypes

Pl1Pl2PldPl1 Pl2Pl1 PldPl2 PldPl1 Pl2 Pld

318

17202855

13211: 006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Plm) x E6 33,124 (Rvi2 Rvi4 FBF7 Sd1)

13221-13226: GD (quality) x 006/7 (Pl1 Pl2 Pld)

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FB-WP2-Apple: marker-assisted pre-breeding at JKIObjective: new source of scab resistance from M. baccata jackii

in combination with: • low chilling• fruit quality

Royal Gala x A722-7 (Rvi11/Vbj)

2011/12 : 5 crosses established, progeny size: 88 - 139 seeds/progeny

2012/13 : phenotypic selection molecular analysis

(Rvi11/Vbj) 2014/15 : orchard

(Rvi11/Vbj)

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FB-WP2-Apple: conventional pre-breeding at JKIObjectives: new traits fruit shape and low chilling

Api Etoile (fruit shape)

2012/13 : 5 crosses established

2014 : Artificial scab

inoculation molecular analysis

2014/15 : orchard

Cross Nb. Mother (traits) Father (traits) Seeds Plants in the

orchard

13228 GD (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 4413229 Gala (quality) Anna (low chilling) 50 4513230 Pinova (quality) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 100 87

14217 Regia (Rvi2, Rvi4, Sd1, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 25

14236 GoldRush (Rvi6, FbF7) Api Etoile (fruit shape) 50

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FB-WP2-Apple: pre-breeding at Agroscope (EVD) and JKI Availability of the plant material created during project

No. of population Availability of seedling material EVD

Contact: Markus Kellerhals ([email protected])Pollen Leaves Budwood Year

MTA Special Conditions

1112 x x 20141113 x x 20141114 x x 2014

No. of population Availability of seedling material JKI

Contact: Andreas Peil ([email protected]) Pollen Leaves Budwood Year

MTA Special Conditions

13211 x x 201713212 x x 201713213 x x 201713214 x x 201713215 x x 201713216 x x 201713217 x x 201713218 x x 201713219 x x 201713220 x x 201713221 x x 201713222 x x 201713223 x x 201713224 x x 201713225 x x 201713226 x x 201713230 x x 201713231 x x 2017

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2011, 2012 & 2013 : selections derived from Oro A (12 crosses /500 seedlings)

evaluation in orchard (unsprayed trees) 3 times – beginning of pit hardening ; rapid fruit growth ; harvest scoring ranged from 0 (no symptom) to 5 (symptoms diffused in

whole tree) leaves and fruits were separately scored

FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Objectives: resistance to peach powdery mildew

2011: IFF 1147 (Red Top x Oro A)

2013: Ma 26-16-206 self ((Cresthaven x Oro A) x Laura)

2012: IFF 1504 Top Lady x (Cresthaven x Oro A) IFF 1439 Rome Star x (Cresthaven x Oro A)

Oro A

from Oro A :

and brown rot

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2 yellow nectarines, selected in 2012, were evaluated for the second year with good tolerance to powdery mildew

CRA-FRF 1590

CRA-FRF 1761

FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Results 2014 for resistance to peach powdery mildew

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FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Objective: resistance / tolerance to brown rot

MA 25-13-143 (Suncrest x UCD-F8,5-

156 )

MA 25-10-111 ((Romea*Snowqueen) x

SD 75)

new possible parents, also with putative resistance to PPV

Also some old local germplasm showed to be little prone to infections: Buco incavato, Crimson Lady, Crizia, Forlì 1; Ghiaccio 1; Percoca di Romagna; Sanguinella; Sant’Anna Balducci, Tardiva San Filippo

list of cultivars scored tolerant / resistant

Contender

Gialla Tardiva

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In absence of molecular markers, evaluations are carried out in orchard: evaluation of the resistance is preceeded by qualitative selection through recurrent selection schemes. Only fruit of seedlings with acceptable agronomic properties are tested for the resistance to brown rot

FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Methodology of selection used against brown rot

since 2013the evaluation for brown rot resistance has

been conducted following the

protocol proposed within

the WP5

inoculations on skin (spray conidia suspension) to test the fruit tolerance to brown rot due to the barriers present in the skin

in orchard

very susceptible seedling

seedling higly resistant

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Percoca di Romagna

Tardiva di San Filippo

Gialla Tardiva

IFF 1655

IFF 650

IFF 638

FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Results 2013-2014 for the resistance to brown rot

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Mother Father

seedlings firstly

evaluatedfor quality

then in evaluation

progress for pyramiding the

resistances(O'Henry x Calipso) SD 75 202 89

Suncrest SD 75 47 15

Kaweah Cresthaven x UCD-F8,5-166 24 24

Didalia Suncrest x SD 75 28 9Gialla Tardiva IFF 1148* 21 2

Suncrest Ma 21-09-211 x UCD-F8,5-156 38 34

FB-WP2-Peach: conventional pre-breeding at Forlì (Italy)Objective: combine brown rot and powdery mildew resistances

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FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)Objective mainly axed on resistance to pests and diseases

available markers:

yes yes yes … ongoing no

green peach aphid powdery mildew Plum Pox Virus (M strain) brown rot (Monilia laxa) Xanthomonas pruni

resistance to:

tests of resistance: in greenhouse and lab in orchard …

incontaminated

zonecrosses: 2015

genitors / parents:

WFP Malo Konare P. davidiana Bolinha SC08-26008Rubira Pamirskij 5 P. dulcis BY00p6346 Loring

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LG7LG6LG5LG4LG1 LG2 LG3

Peach genetic linkage map (8 chromosomes)

LG8Vr1 or Vr2

resistance to powdery mildew

SD-PM.8.1resistance to

powdery mildew

SD-PM.6.1resistance to

powdery mildew

Rm1 or Rm2resistance to green peach

aphid

SD-MP.5.1resistance to green peach

aphid

SD-MP.3.1resistance to green peach

aphidq3.5diCQ/CAresistance to green peach

aphid

FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)Focus on resistance to green peach aphid and powdery mildew

Dnon-acid flesh

DBFblood-fleshbf

blood-flesh

plweeping habit

S*fruit shape

Gfruit skin

pubescence

yflesh color

in combination with fruit quality …

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FB-WP2-Peach: marker-assisted pre-breeding at Avignon (INRA)Objective: associate green peach aphid and mildew resistances

Trait Resistance Linkage group

SSR SNP from 9k ; P. dav. sequence

green peach aphid

resistance

Rm1, Rm2 1 UDP-422, UDAp-467

SNP_IGA_127181, SNP_IGA_127323, SNP_IGA_127673, SNP_IGA_127836,

SNP_IGA_128189

qMP.SP-G3.1 3 AG106, AG50b between S3_17686_ _ andS3_19102

qMP.SP-G5.2 5 PaCITA21 -

q3.5diCQ/CA - SP128*, SP129*

powdery mildew

resistance

Vr1, Vr2 8 MP206, MP267 between SNP_IGA_796481 and SNP_IGA_851849

qPM.SP-G6.1 6 AG26, pchcms5, PC73

between S6_15606_ _ and S6_169697

qPM.SP-G8.1 8 FG230, FG37 -

available markers

2011 crosses / 2014 first selections with Rm1 + Vr1 observed in orchard

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FB-WP2-Peach: pre-breeding at CRA and INRAAvailability of the plant material created during project

No. of population

Availability of seedling material CRA

Contact: Alessandro Liverani ([email protected])Pollen Leaves Budwood Year

MTA Special Conditions

11.03 x x x 201511.04 x x x 201511.30 x x x 201511.31 x x x 201511.32 x x x 201511.37 x x x 201511.53 x x x 201512.09 x x x 201612.10 x x x 201612.15 - - - - -12.22 x x x 201612.60 x x x 201613.13 - - - - -13.16 x x x 201713.17 x x x 201713.20 x x x 201713.15 x x x 201713.25 x x x 201713.70 x x x 201713.71 x x x 2017

No. of population Availability of seedling material INRA

Contact: Thierry Pascal ([email protected])Pollen Leaves Budwood Year

MTA Special Conditions

11.01 x x 201511.02 x x x 201511.03 x x x 201511.04 x x x 201511.05 x x x x 201611.06 x x x 201511.07 x x x 201511.08 x x x 201511.09 x x 201512.01 x x 201612.02 x x 201612.03 x x 201612.04 x x 201612.05 x x 201612.06 x x 2016

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Thank you for your attention

powdery mildew

Agroscope good food, healthy environment