19520853 digestion science form 2
TRANSCRIPT
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FOOD CLASSESCARBOHYDRATE
FAT
WATER
VITAMINS,MINERALS, &ROUGHAGE
PROTEIN
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THEME :
MANAGEMENT AND
CONTINUITY OF LIFE
LEARNING AREA :
NUTRITION
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Learning Objectives : Understanding the digestivesystem of man
Learning outcome: A student is able to:explain what digestion isidentify the parts of the digestive systemdescribe the flow of food particles in the alimentary canalstate the functions of the organs in the digestive systemdescribe the process of digestion in the alimentary canallist the end products of digestion of carbohydrate, protein and fats
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MOUTH
OESOPHAGUSLIVER
STOMACH
GALLBLADDER
PANCREAS SMALLINTESTINE
LARGEINTESTINE
ENDPRODUCT
SHORTMOVIE
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The food in the mouth are cut up
and grind into small pieces by theteeth. These food pieces would
provide a bigger surface area for
the enzyme. Food is mixed withsaliva.
Digestive action :Starch maltose (sugar)
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Peristalsis which is caused by the
muscles in the oesophagus pushthe food into the stomachThe movement is supported by the
slippery mucus
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1. The liver produces bile which is an alkalineandkept in the gall bladder
- Bile will digest fat to tiny particles
-This process is called emulsification
2. Pancreas produces pancreatic juice which is analkaline and it has 3 enzymes that can digest :
- Maltose glucose
- Peptone amino acid- Fat fatty acid & glycerol
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Stomach has gastricjuice which consistsof some enzymes and hydrochloric acid.
The functions of hydrochloric acid are:
The half digested food will be sent toduodenum for the next process.
- It provides an acidic medium for theenzymes e.g. renin and pepsin to digestprotein in food.
- It also kills microorganisms such as bacteriawhich enters the stomach.
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Parts of the
digestive
system
Digestive
juice
Enzymes Digestive action Further information
Duodenum Bile
(alkaline)produced
by the liver
and kept in
the gall
bladderPancraetic
juice
(alkaline)
Pancreaticamylase
Protease
Lipase
Fat tiny
particles(A process
which breaks
down the fat
into tiny
particles by thebile which is
called
emulsification)
Maltose
glucosePeptone
amino acid
Fat fatty
acid & glycerol
The result of this
process is theincreased of the
surface area of fat
particles. This would
help the enzyme to
react on the foodmore easily
The bile and the
pancreatic juices
(alkaline) neutralises
the acid from thestomach
MORE
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Small
intestine
(6 metres
long)
Intestinal
juices
from wall
of the
small
intestine
(alkaline)
Erepsin
Several
other
enzymes
to digest
the
complexsugar
Peptone amino
acid
Complex sugar
simple sugar
Maltose glucose
Sukrase glucose
+ fructoseLactase glucose
Digested food is
absorbed by tiny
villi which are
found in the
small intestinal
wall into the
blood stream
Parts of
thedigestive
system
Digestive
juice
Enzymes Digestive action Further
information
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Parts of
the
digestive
system
Digestive
juice
Enzymes Digestive
actionFurther
information
Large
intestineNone None None Absorption of
water and waste
is left.
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LET US HAVE ALOOK AT AN
INTERACTIVE VIEWOF WHAT HAPPEN IN
OUR DIGESTIVETRACT ! ! !
THE END PRODUCTS OF DIGESTION OF
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THE END PRODUCTS OF DIGESTION OFCARBOHYDRATE, PROTEIN AND FAT
CARBOHYDRATE SIMPLE SUGAR GLUCOSE,
( MALTOSE) FRUCTOSE,
GALACTOSE
PROTEIN PEPTONE AMINO ACID
FAT TINY FATTY PARTICLES FATTY ACID &
GLYCEROL
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Procedure: 1 Observe a human digestive model/chart.
Observe the various parts which make up thehuman digestive system.
2 Know the various parts of the human digestiveand label the diagram provided: teeth, tongue,mouth, salivary gland, oesophagus, stomach,
duodenum, small intestine, large ,intestine, liver,pancreas, gal/ bladder, bile duct, anus
Discuss the functions of the various parts of the digestive system.
WorkingMethod:__________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
TASK SHEET
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Observation: State the sequence of the organs which are passed by thefood.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________Questions:1 What is digestion?
__________________________________________________
2 What is the advantage of the muscular bag shaped stomach?__________________________________________________3 What is the purpose of having a long small intestine?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
4 How does food move along the alimentary canal?__________________________________________________5 How is the digested food absorb?
__________________________________________________Conclusion: The digestive system consists of several ____________which helps to _____________ food to simpler particles.
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SUMMARY
WHAT IS DIGESTION? PARTS OF DIGESTIVESYSTEM
THEFUNCTIONSOF THE
ORGANS INTHEDIGESTIVESYSTEM
THE FLOW OFFOODPARTICLESIN THEALIMENTARYCANAL
THE PROCESSOF DIGESTIONIN THEALIMENTARYCANAL
THE ENDPRODUCTS OFDIGESTION OFCARBOHYDRATE,
PROTEIN AND FATS
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PROJECT
Title: Model of the human digestive system
Aim: To enhance the students knowledge about thedigestive system of man.
To prepare items for the Science week .Learning outcome: Pupils will be more knowledgeable
about the digestive systemof a human being.
Materials: Plasticine, plywood, manila card, colourpapers, magic ink pens
supplied by the Science department.Time Allocation: 1 week after finishing the topicconcern.Workgroup: 4/5 pupils
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Suggested Procedures:
Refer to any Science text book or the internet and look up for a
diagram showing a human beings digestive system.
Study the diagram carefully and make a model of the digestivesystem.
Your model must be as accurate proportionally to the actualorgans of the digestive system.
You can add colour or whatever else that you can think of inorder to enhance your model.
Your model must be properly labelled.
The functions of the various organs must also be available.
Extra marks will be given for tidiness.
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THEEND