1960s counter culture
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1960s Counter-Culture
Art 109A: Art Since 1945 Westchester Community College Fall 2012
![Page 2: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1955-1965: The Consensus Years The prosperity and optimism of the 1950s continued in the early decades of the 1960s
“And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.” President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Speech, January 20, 1961
President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Speech, January 20, 1961
![Page 3: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Consensus Years: 1955-1965 Faith in government
![Page 4: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Consensus Years: 1955-1965 Trust in Capitalism
![Page 5: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Consensus Years: 1955-1965 Belief that America was steadily becoming more equal and free
George E.C. Hayes, Thurgood Marshall, and James M. Nabrit folowing Supreme Court decision ending segregation May 17, 1954. Kibrary of Congress Image source: http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/civilrights/cr-exhibit.html
![Page 6: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Cold War But the Cold War led to a series of international crises
Paul Vathis, 1962 Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph of President John F. Kennedy and former President Dwight D. Eisenhower walking together at Camp David following the Bay of Pigs invasion. Washington Post
![Page 7: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Cold War In 1962 the Cuban Missile Crisis brought the United States and the USSR to the brink of nuclear war
October 1962 Executive Committee of the National Security Council meeting. The John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston
![Page 8: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Military-Industrial Complex American involvement in the Cold War had other consequences as well
F-111 Production Line, General Dynamics, Fort Worth, Texas, 1968 http://www.f-111.net/RAAF-F-111s-off-the-production-line-1.htm
![Page 9: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Military-Industrial Complex In 1961 President Dwight D. Eisenhower warned about an emerging “military-industrial complex” that threatened American democracy
President Dwight D. Eisenhower in his televised Farewell Address 1961. In this speech President Eisenhower warned against the emergence of the “military industrial complex” which became a catchphrase of the 1960s protest movement
![Page 10: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
General Dynamics, Fort Worth Texas, 1969 http://www.f-111.net/RAAF-F-111s-off-the-production-line-1.htm
“The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist. We must never let the weight of this combination endanger our liberties or democratic processes.” President Dwight D. Eisenhower, Farewell Address, 1961
![Page 11: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Military-Industrial Complex Military defense had become one of America’s leading industries
General Dynamics, Fort Worth Texas, 1969 http://www.f-111.net/RAAF-F-111s-off-the-production-line-1.htm
![Page 12: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Military-Industrial Complex As James Rosenquist suggested in F-111, American prosperity was directly linked to the arms industry
James Rosenquist, F-111, 1964-65
“It seemed the prime force of this war machine was to economically keep people employed in Texas and Long Island.
At the time, I thought people involved in its making were heading for something, but I didn't know what, like bugs going towards a blinding light. By doing this they could achieve two and a half children, three and a half cars, and a house in the suburbs.”
James Rosenquist http://www.moma.org/collection/printable_view.php?object_id=79805
![Page 13: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Great Society After the assassination of John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson became president
Andy Warhol, 16 Jackies, 1964 Walker Art Center
![Page 14: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Great Society He introduced sweeping social reforms designed to create the “Great Society”
Cecil Stoughton, Lyndon B. Johnson signing the Civil rights Act, 1964 Wikipedia
“The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub.L. 88-352, 78 Stat. 241, July 2, 1964) was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that outlawed segregation in schools, public places, and employment. Conceived to help African Americans, the bill was amended prior to passage to protect women, and explicitly included white people for the first time. It also created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.” Wikipedia
![Page 15: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Great Society But his escalation of the War in Vietnam led to his downfall, and he did not seek re-election at the end of his term
President Lyndon B. Johnson listens to tape sent by Captain Charles Robb from Vietnam, 07/31/1968, LBJ Library photo by Jack Kightlinger http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/learning_history/vietnam/vietnam_lessons.cfm
![Page 16: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The social activism of the 1950s gave way to the counter culture of the 1960s
Fred W. McDarrah, Allen Ginsberg at Vietnam Peace Rally, 5th Ave. NYC, March 26, 1966 http://www.stevenkasher.com/html/noresults.asp
![Page 17: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The civil rights movement reached critical mass under the leadership of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr. addresses a crowd from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial where he delivered his famous I Have a Dream speech during the Aug. 28, 1963, march on Washington, D.C. http://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/august/i-have-a-dream-082511.html
![Page 18: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The drive towards integration sparked violent reactions from white communities
Anti-integration rally in Little Rock, Arkansas, on 20 August 1959 http://faculty.polytechnic.org/gfeldmeth/1045a.html
![Page 19: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The drive towards integration sparked violent reactions from white communities
“One of the most important legal decisions in U.S. history, the 1954 Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education . . . declared school segregation unconstitutional and paved the way for the civil rights achievements of the 1960s. By overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine . . . Brown v. Board of Education began the process of unraveling more than half a century of federally sanctioned discrimination against African Americans. As a result, it also initiated a struggle between a government now obligated to integrate all public schools and recalcitrant communities determined to maintain the status quo.” http://www.oxfordaasc.com/public/features/archive/0507/photo_essay.jsp?page=1
Anti-integration rally in Little Rock, Arkansas, on 20 August 1959 http://faculty.polytechnic.org/gfeldmeth/1045a.html
![Page 20: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 represented progressive legislation
Lyndon B. Johnson signing the Civil Rights Act, 1964 Wikipedia
![Page 21: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture But violence against blacks continued
Collage depicting the bombing of The Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama that killed four girls in 1963 http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/african/2000/1960.htm
![Page 22: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Martin Luther King Jr. advocated non-violence as a strategy of resistance
Civil Rights March on Washington, 1963 http://oralhistoryeducation.com/civil-rights-stories-2
“[T]he nonviolent resister does not seek to humiliate or defeat the opponent but to win his friendship and understanding . . . . The aftermath of nonviolence is reconciliation and the creation of a beloved community . . . It is merely a means to awaken a sense of shame within the oppressor but the end is reconciliation, the end is redemption.” Martin Luther King Jr., The Power of Non-Violence, 1957 http://www.teachingamericanhistory.org/library/index.asp?document=1131
![Page 23: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture But government response was often violent and brutal
Top: Firemen hose down protestors Bottom: Police set dogs on civil rights protestor Birmingham, 1963 http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/african/2000/1960.htm
Andy Warhol, Red Race Riot, 1963
![Page 24: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Other groups advocated more aggressive tactics
Black Panther Party national chairman Bobby Seale (left) and defense minister Huey Newton http://www.africawithin.com/studies/black_panther_party1.htm
![Page 25: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture In 1965 violence erupted in the Watts section of Los Angeles, which lasted for five days
Race riots in the Watts section of Los Angeles, August 11-15, 1965 http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/african/2000/1960.htm
![Page 26: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Race riots spread across the nation
• 1966: Chicago, New York, Cleveland, Baltimore
• 1967: Detroit, Newark, Rochester, New York, Birmingham, New Britain
Police subdue an injured rioter during race rights riots in Newark, N.J. (Three Lions/Getty Images) http://abcnews.go.com/US/popup?id=3371026
![Page 27: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Violence also erupted in a wave of political assassinations
Roy Lichtenstein, Time Magazine Cover, 1968
![Page 28: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Nation of Islam leader Malcolm X was assassinated in 1966
Malcolm X waiting for a press conference to begin on March 26, 1964 Wikipedia
![Page 29: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture And in 1968 Martin Luther King and Senator Robert F. Kennedy were both assassinated
Martin Luther King and his aids moments after his assassination on a Memphis landing in 1968 http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/1,28757,1726656,00.html?iid=redirect-mlk
Busboy comforts Sen Robert F Kennedy moments after he was shot, June 5, 1968 L.A. Times
![Page 30: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture America was a nation at war with itself
Blacks are searched at bayonet point by the National Guard in Newark, N.J., July 17, 1967 (Eddie Adams/AP Photo) http://abcnews.go.com/US/popup?id=3371026
![Page 31: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The civil rights movement stimulated other marginalized groups to seek equality
Betty Friedan, a founder of the National Organization for Women, led a march in Manhattan in 1970 for the Women's Strike for Equality J. P. Laffont/Corbis Sygma http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2006/02/05/national/05friedan_CA1.html
![Page 32: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The National Organization of Women (N.O.W.) and the Gay Rights movement were both launched in the later 1960s
Gay Liberation flyer, 1970 University of Washington Library, Vietnam Era Ephemera Collection
http://www.stonewall-place.com/
![Page 33: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture A driving force behind the 1960s counter culture was the growth of student activism
Mario Savio at a Free Speech rally, UC Berkeley 1964 http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/events/bancroftiana/114/times.html
“There comes a time when the system becomes so odious that you can’t take part, you can’t even tacitly take part.” Mario Savio, 1964
![Page 34: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The UC Berkeley Free Speech Movement was one of the first student protest movements to make national headlines
Mario Savio and students in a free speech rally at UC Berkeley Oakland Museum
![Page 35: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Protesting Cold War restrictions on free speech, students occupied the administration building
Close to 800 students were arrested
Student protestor Mario Savio (C) being roughed up by two Berkeley cops as they arrest him during student riot at Free Speech Movement demonstration on campus at UC Berkeley 1964 Nat Farbman, LIFE Magazine
![Page 36: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The Free Speech Movement sparked a wave of student activism across the nation
Amherst College students using bullhorn & carrying signs as they during protest demonstration against US investments in South Africa which indirectly support apartheid, at General Electric Plant, 1965. John Loengard LIFE Magazine
![Page 37: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The war in Vietnam became the main focus for student protest activities
An anti-war demonstrator burns his draft card at a Vietnam War protest outside the Pentagon in October 1967.(Photo by Wally McNamee via Corbis)
Sound clip: War written by Barrett Strong and Norman Whitfield, sung by Edwin Starr – 1970
![Page 38: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Students Protest The Vietnam War, John Muir College, 1965 http://www-muir.ucsd.edu/40/pictures/pictures.html
![Page 39: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
http://www.utwatch.org/archives/disorientut2005/military.html
“War, huh, yeah What is it good for Absolutely nothing Uh-huh” War written by Barrett Strong and Norman Whitfield, sung by Edwin Starr – 1970
![Page 40: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture In 1970 President Richard M. Nixon announced the expansion of the war to Cambodia
President Richard M. Nixon in a televised address announcing expansion of the Vietnam War into Cambodia,April 30, 1970 http://www.vw.vccs.edu/vwhansd/HIS122/KentState.html
"If when the chips are down, the world's most powerful nation acts like a pitiful helpless giant, the forces of totalitarianism and anarchy will threaten free nations... throughout the world.” President Richard M. Nixon, televised address announcing the invasion of Cambodia, 1970
![Page 41: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture At Kent State University in Ohio students demonstrated in response
Students gather for protest rally at Kent State University, 1970 Howard Ruffner Gallery of Kent State Massacre Photos on Picasaweb http://picasaweb.google.com/hruffner/KentStateUniversityMay141970#
![Page 42: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The National Guard was called in and four students were killed
National Guardsmen at Kent State Universtty, May 1970 Howard Ruffner Gallery of Kent State Massacre Photos on Picasaweb http://picasaweb.google.com/hruffner/KentStateUniversityMay141970#
![Page 43: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture
Opposition to the United States involvement in Vietnam led to several domestic confrontations between antiwar demonstrators and government troops. National Guard troops stunned the nation when they shot into a crowd of protesters during a 1970 demonstration at Ohio’s Kent State University, killing four students and wounding nine. http://encarta.msn.com/media_461562516_761552642_-1_1/Kent_State_Shooting_Aftermath.html
![Page 44: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture
Kent State Massacre, May 1970 Howard Ruffner Gallery of Kent State Massacre Photos on Picasaweb http://picasaweb.google.com/hruffner/KentStateUniversityMay141970#
![Page 45: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture
Pulitzer prize winning photograph of Kent State Massacre by Paul Filo
![Page 46: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Two weeks later two students were shot during a protest at Jackson State University
James Earl Green, one of the students shot at Jackson State University, May 1970 http://www2.kenyon.edu/Khistory/60s/webpage.htm
![Page 47: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture The events at Kent State and Jackson State sparked further student protests and a government commission on campus unrest
The Report of the President’s Commission on Campus Unrest, 1970 http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2008/1655549123_f5947098e9.jpg
Source: http://www2.kenyon.edu/Khistory/60s/webpage.htm
![Page 48: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Public support for the war hit an all time low
Source: http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/learning_history/vietnam/vietnam_pubopinion.cfm
![Page 49: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture A major factor in dwindling public support for the war was the unprecedented coverage in the media
Henry Huet, cover LIFE Magazine, February 11 1969 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Henri_Huet,_LIFE_cover,_110266.jpg
![Page 50: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture It has been called “the living room war” because of the unprecedented television coverage
Yale Joel, Nixon TV Speech
![Page 51: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
1960s Counter Culture Iconic images of the war include this prize-winning photograph of a Buddhist monk who set himself on fire on a Saigon street
Buddhist Monk Thich Quang Duc immolates himself in protest against South Vietnamese persecution of Monks, Saigon, 1963 Prize winning photograph by Malcolm Browne http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%ADch_Qu%E1%BA%A3ng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c
![Page 52: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
South Vietnamese National Police Chief Brig Gen. Nguyen Ngoc Loan executes a Viet Cong officer with a single pistol shot in the head in Saigon, Vietnam on Feb. 1, 1968 AP Photo: Eddie Adams http://www.nandotimes.com/nt/images/century/photos/century0258.html
In 1968, during the Tet offensive, viewers of NBC news saw Col. Nguyen Ngoc Loan blow out the brains of his captive in a Saigon street. http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/V/htmlV/vietnamonte/vietnamonte.htm
![Page 53: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Nick Ut, Naplam Attack on a South Vietnamese Village, June 1972 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4517597.stm
And in 1972, during the North Vietnamese spring offensive, the audience witnessed the aftermath of errant napalm strike, in which South Vietnamese planes mistook their own fleeing civilians for North Vietnamese troops. http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/V/htmlV/vietnamonte/vietnamonte.htm
![Page 54: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Ronald L. Haeberle, Mai Lai Massacre, published in LIFE Magazine, 1969 http://library.thinkquest.org/C0129380/events/mylai.html
On Mar. 16, 1968, a unit of the U.S. army America division, led by Lt. William L. Calley, invaded the South Vietnamese hamlet of My Lai, an alleged Viet Cong stronghold. In the course of combat operations, unarmed civilians, including women and children, were shot to death; estimated to be about 500. http://library.thinkquest.org/C0129380/events/mylai.html
![Page 55: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap Descendants of the “hipsters” and “beatniks” of the 1950s, Hippies were a sub-group of the 1960s counterculture
Hippies dancing to folk music during anti-war demonstration, San Francisco, 1967 Ralph Crane LIFE Magazine
![Page 56: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap Embracing sex drugs and rock ‘n roll they rebelled against the accepted values of “The Establishment”
Tom Wolfe, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, 1968
Album cover for Timothy Leary Turn on Tune in Drop Out Soundtrack to a 1967 motion picture that was suppressed within weeks of its premiere in LA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Leary.jpg
![Page 57: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap They called for a non-violent revolution that promoted the values of love and peace
Sound clip: Revolution The Beatles 1968
![Page 58: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap Their exploration of alternative lifestyles was symptomatic of a widening “generation gap”
Norman Mingo, cover of Mad Magazine, 1969 http://flickr.com/photos/66733752@N00/2036801738/
![Page 59: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap Icons of the Hippie sub culture include the “Summer of Love” in San Francisco, 1967
Robert Altman, “The First Rave” http://www.yenra.com/music/summer-of-love.html
![Page 60: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap
“School was out for the summer and hundreds of young people traveled across the country to San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district to become a part of a counter cultural phenomenon that some said would change the world. Others weren't so sure. Still others cared only about scoring some acid (LSD) for the Jefferson Airplane show at the Fillmore auditorium.
The year was 1967 and those who'd come to San Francisco wore flowers in their hair as part of the Summer Of Love.” http://www.jour.sc.edu/pages/wigginsweb/0204summer.html
Robert Altman, “The first Rave” http://www.yenra.com/music/summer-of-love.html
![Page 61: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap And the Woodstock festival and concert that drew half a million people to Yasgur’s Farm in 1968
![Page 62: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Hippie Culture and the Generation Gap Popular music became a primary expression of the youth counter culture
![Page 63: 1960s counter culture](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061219/54b916744a7959b4388b45dd/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
The American Experience: Summer of Love Chapter 2: (7:53) Disillusioned members of the Baby Boom generation embrace a utopian vision. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/love/program/love_02_qt_lo.html