1c1 design of sustainable construction petr hájek
TRANSCRIPT
1C1 Design of sustainable construction
Petr Hájek
2
List of lessons
1) Sustainable construction2) Integrated design process3) Life Cycle Assessment 4) Assessment criteria5) Methods of complex assessment of construction
sustainability6) Material efficient design principles I7) Material efficient design principles II8) Energy efficient design principles9) Recycling and use of recycled materials10) Prefabricated and demountable structures11) Sustainable reconstruction and refurbishment12) Examples of sustainable constructions13) Reserve
3
Objectives of the lecture
• Background and basic principles of sustainable construction
• Complex approach – criteria of sustainability: environmental, social and economic aspects
• Regional aspects
• International context – research and standardisation – CEN350, ISO TC59
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
background background and basic principlesand basic principles
2000: 6,1 billion
2050: 8,9 billion (estimated by UN, 2003)
year
Population growthPopulation growthObjectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
0%
200%
400%
600%
800%
1000%
1200%
19
00
19
10
19
20
19
30
19
40
19
50
19
60
19
70
19
80
19
90
20
00
20
10
20
20
20
30
20
40
20
50
produkce oceli
produkce betonu
populace
rok 1950 = 100%
2,4 x
4,4 x
12 xsteel production
concrete production
population
World production of steel and concreteWorld production of steel and concreteObjectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Waste generationWaste generation
0%
200%
400%
600%
800%
1000%
1200%
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2020
cement production
population
municipal waste generation
year 1950 = 100%
12 x
2,4 x
6 xOECD data
TRENDY RŮSTU MNOŽSTVÍ KOMUNÁLNÍHO ODPADU
Objectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Objectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Energy consumptionEnergy consumption
Autor: Frank van Mierlo
TRENDY SVĚTOVÉ SPOTŘEBY ENERGIE
4 x
2,6 xCelkem za 40 let ~ 2,7 x víceConsumption in 40 years – 2,7 times higher
CO2 emissions - GWPCO2 emissions - GWPObjectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Population growth ...Population growth ...
... growth of demands... growth of demands
Primary materials extractionPrimary materials extraction
PollutionPollution
Waste Waste
Resource use efficiency growth factorResource use efficiency growth factorObjectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
4 – 10 x4 – 10 x
1995 - E. Weizsäcker, A. a H. Lovins
Factor Four - Doubling Wealth, Halving Resource Use
1999 - Schmidt-Bleek
Factor 10 - MIPS concept – material input per unit service
Source: Frank van Mierlo
= Total annual world energy consumption
Objectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Environmental impacts of buildings in Environmental impacts of buildings in CR and EUCR and EU
30 - 40 %30 - 40 %
energy consumption
CO2 emission production
waste production
AGENDA 21 on Sustainable ConstructionAGENDA 21 on Sustainable ConstructionObjectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
CIB Report No. 237 1999
Objectives
Background and basic
principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
resources
emissions, waste
biodiversity
costs quality
time
traditional constructiontraditional construction
Traditional and sustainable Traditional and sustainable construction approachconstruction approach
quality ofenvironment
soci
al a
nd c
ultu
ral
issu
es
economic
efficiency
emissions, waste
biodiversity
resources
sustainable constructionsustainable construction
costs quality
time
Complex Complex approachapproach
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Three basic groups of sustainable criteriaThree basic groups of sustainable criteria
Social criteria
Environmental criteria
Economic criteria
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Climate changes
Biodiversity
Climatic and geophysical risks
CO2 emission ekvivalent
Air qualitySOx emissionNOx emission
Use of greenEcological quality
Retention land potantial
Primary energy consumptionWater useUse od renewable and recycled materials Waste generation
Environmental aspects and criteriaEnvironmental aspects and criteria
Source depletion and waste generation
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Indoor quality
Accessibility
Safety and security
Social and cultural value
Functionality
ThermalAcoustic, LightingAir qualityUse of green in interior
Adaptability
Cultural heritage preservationSatisfaction of inhabitants and users
Safety in building and in surroundingsSecurity
Accessibility of servicesAccessibility of public transportCycling supportNon-barrier access
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Economic aspects and criteriaEconomic aspects and criteria
Life cycle cost - LCC
Externalities
Local economy support
Investment construction costOperational costDemolition cost
Use of local products Use of local services
Associated investments and their impactsInnovations
Economical risksMinimization of regional climatic and geophysical risksOperational autonomy
Regional Regional aspectsaspects
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Regional specificsRegional specifics
Climatic condition
Geomorphological conditions
Material and technology basis
Economical conditions
Population density
Tradition
Culture
Different construction
approaches
Mezinárodní metodika SBTool
International International methodology SBToolmethodology SBTool
International International contextcontext
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
CORECO2 emissions
Energy
Waste
Water
Air quality
Economy efficiency
Key indicators
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Germany
Czech Republic
Spain
Finsko
SBTool
BREEAM
LEED
CASBEE
HQE
iiSBE – international metodology
UK
USA
Japan
Francie
SB Tool PT Portugalsko
Itálie
116 Max. potential low-level parameters: 118
3Active low-level
mandatory parameters:
10
Active WeightsWeighted
scores
A 8% 3.3
B 23% 2.3
C 27% 3.7
D 18% 3.4
E 16% 2.9
F 5% 2.9
G 3% 4.3
3.1
The number of active low-level mandatory parameters with a score of less than 3 is:
With current context and building data, the number of active low-level parameters is:
Site Selection, Project Planning and Development
Energy and Resource Consumption
Service Quality
Social and Economic aspects
This is a Renovation project with a total gross area of 7000 m2. It has an estimated lifespan of 75 years, and contains the following occupancies: Apartment and Retail and is located in Ottawa, Canada. The assessment is valid for the Design Phase.
Assumed life span is 75 years, and monetary units are in CD
Design target scores for Megaplex project, Ottawa, Canada
Predicted performance results based on information available during Design Phase
Project Information
Design PhaseActive Phase
(set in Region file)
Relative Performance Results
Amortization rate for embodied energy of existing materials is set at 2 %
To see a full list of Issues, Categories and Criteria, go to the Issues worksheet.
Design target scoresThe project contains 20 apartment units
Design Phase scores indicate Potential Performance as predicted by an assessment of building features and plans for construction and operation that are developed during the
design process.
Environmental Loadings
Indoor Environmental Quality
T o t a l w e I g h t e d b u i l d i n g s c o r e
Cultural and Perceptual Aspects
1
0
1
2
3
4
5A
B
C
DE
F
G
Performance Issue Areas
0 = Acceptable Practice; 3 = Good Practice; 5 = Best Practice
Protocollo SBC
SB Tool Verde
SB Tool CZ
PROMISE
DGNB
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
LEnSE (FP6) – methodology
PERFECTION (FP7) – indoor indicators
SuPer Buildings (FP7) – assessment and benchmark settings
OpenHouse (FP7) – implementation of assessment into construction practice
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Standardisation: CEN/TC 350 a ISO TC 59
Objectives
Background and basic principles
Complex approach
Criteria of sustainability
Regional aspects
International context
Standardisation
Petr Hájek
Thank you for your attention and see you next week