Rome Video6.64 Describe the influence of Julius Caesar and Augustus in Rome’s transition from a republic to an empire and explain the reasons for the growth and long life of the Roman Empire. · Military organization, tactics, and conquests and decentralized administration· the purpose and functions of taxes· the promotion of economic growth through the use of a standard currency, road construction, and the protection of trade routes· the benefits of a Pax Romana

Military-1. The glory of Rome was built on its _____________. ___________________

power without equal.

2. __________________ took control of Rome around 600 BC before Rome

expelled them. Then Rome became a _________________. ____________

oversaw the military.

3. Why did Rome need to learn to fight? ______________________________

____________________________ Early on Rome had an army made up of

soldiers that had to ______________. They had to provide their own equipment.

4. The early Roman army was modeled on the ____________. They used the

phalanx.

5. First the Romans conquered their old enemy the __________________. Then

they were overrun by the ________________. The Romans had to bribe them

with ________________ to the leave their city.

6. To survive the Romans improved their military by focusing on ______________.

Soldiers were expected to be able to march _____ miles in 5 hours carrying a full

pack.

7. Eventually Rome provided __________ for all its soldiers. Roman helmets were

designed to protect while still allowing the soldier to _________ and

____________. Shields were a ____curved or round____ shape.

8. The basic unit of the Roman army was the ____________. It was highly

________________ because it was organized into smaller groups.

9. ____________________ were career soldiers. They did not have to retire. These

men brought _______________ to the Roman army.

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10. After being defeated by the Celtics, the Roman began to use smaller easier to

maneuver groups of less than ________ men. The Romans began using a different

type of __________ to allow them to lean out on the back of a horse.

11. Roman battle formation allowed lines of men to each take turns being in the

____________________ until the battle was won.

12. The Romans often made allies of its defeated enemies by offering them Roman

____________. This helped Rome grow.

13. What advantage did Carthage have over Rome in the beginning of the Punic

Wars?______________________ What did Rome do to gain an advantage? ____

_______________________________________________________________

14. Although, outnumbered by the Romans Hannibal gained the advantage by

allowing them to aim at the center of his line and the _____________________.

To stop Hannibal from conquering the city of Rome the Romans called up all

available men even ____________ to launch an attack on Carthage and cut off

their _________________. According to legend, what did the Romans use to

make sure that nothing with grow in Carthage after the Punic Wars? ________

15. The Romans added ___________ as a province after defeating Carthage. The

Romans carried everything with them to build a new _____________ every night.

16. The Romans were so busy conquering new land that they did not __________

_______________________________. ________________, a slave, led a

rebellion and defeated the Romans in a few battles.

17. Military service for Roman soldiers had become a ___________________ by 100

AD because of long campaign away from home.

18. One consul made it possible for poor men to become soldiers, which was a

prestigious job. They were mainly looking for men that were _______________

and _______________. Soldiers began to be loyal to their _______________

instead of to the Roman state.

19. Of all Rome’s generals no one created as much loyalty, hatred, and bloodshed as

_________________. He was competing with ___________________ to be a

better general.

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****Yes Ha Ha, now stop giggling “booty” just means the property that was

seized by the army/soldiers. Pay attention before you miss something!!!

The Romans were _____________________ than the Celts. The Romans called

them ___________________ because they thought there language sounded like

sheep. What did Caesar do to build loyalty among his troop? ________________

_________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________

20. Romans could not have launched the conquests that led to the empire without

__________________.

*****ENJOY the Horrible Histories!!!(No Questions)

*****This is a silly video clip with good information. List 5 Roman

Contributions that they mention.

1. _________________

2. _________________

3. _________________

4. _________________

5. _________________

Roman Roads-

1. A society must have long-term success to invest the __________, ____________,

and __________________ to build an infrastructure designed to last. The Roman

roads were built from the _______ century BC to the _______ century AD. The

objective was to ensure that no point in the empire was _________________.

2. The main aim of the first Roman road is to help ______________ get to Capua.

The stones on the road were fit so closely together that a _____________ would

not fit between them.

3. The Roads were necessary because the empire was so large. The roads were paid

for with ________________. Some emperors such as ________________

contributed their own personal money to building the roads. The roads had

______________________ that oversaw the maintenance of sections of the road.

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4. The roads allowed for quicker ______________ and the movement of

_________________ throughout the empire.

5. Between __________ the army built the roads, which helped to keep them busy.

6. Rome was filled with skilled ______________, ______________, and

__________________.

7. Roads were designed to be higher in the middle so that _________________

______________________. All excess dirt was removed by _____________,

there were no wheelbarrows in Europe at this time.

8. Building the road in Spain was difficult. Why was it worth it to the Romans?

_________________________________________________________

9. _________________________ may have been placed on the road to provide work

for Rome’s poor who had lost jobs because of increased slavery in the empire.

10. Although Roman roads were built by and for the army they became extremely

important for ____________________. These roads allowed Romans to access

goods from all over Asia and Africa. When possible the more practical way to

transport goods was by __boat____, which was much faster.

11. The most spectacular use of the roads would be when a _________________

would win a major battle he would march everything and everyone taken during

the battle back to Rome and then parade through the city.

12. Common _______________ and ________________(money) made travel on the

roads easier. The roads would have been very bumpy and uncomfortable.

13. _____________________ was the last of the road building emperors.

14. Rome’s _____________ used Rome’s own roads to attack them.

15. What major religious beliefs were spread on the Roman roads?

_____________________

16. After _________________ years some Roman roads are still used today.

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Legacies of the Pax Romana

1. Pax Romana- means _________________ The people could _________________

_________________ However, there were harsh consequences for __________

________________________________.

2. Roman emperors provided people with ____________________ and

__________________________.

3. A large stadium called the _________________ was used for entertainment such

as gladiator fights. The racetrack in Rome was called the ___________________.

The Romans also built many public _______________. The _________________

is a temple that includes a large dome.

4. The Romans built __________________________ to carry water into the cities.

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