1hhg - strayalpha.com · 11/16/98 11 9,17 qv6lpxodwlrq0rgho router link oc-12 swift signaling agent...
TRANSCRIPT
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RoutedMode
MixedSwitched
and RoutedMode
What fraction of packets will use switched mode?
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IP ForwardingEngine
WDM SwitchingFabric
LocalRouter
Links
WDM Fibers toOther Switches
WDM Fibers toOther Switches
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Router LinkOC-12
SWIFTSignaling
Agent
Other Agent
Flow Analyzer Router LinkOC-12
Interswitch LinkOC-48
Interswitch LinkOC-48
Interswitch LinkOC-48
WavelengthConverter
WavelengthConverter
AddressClassifier
entry_
FlowClassifier
out_dmux_
classifier_
IP Router
. . .
AddressClassifier
PortClassifier•Accepts real packet
dumps•Library of Internetprotocols•Instrumented forstatistics collection
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RTO
HAYDNJ
DNG
HSJ
AST
NORPYM
WOR
NCSA
SDSC
WAE
CHTSEJ
PSC
NCAR
Active NodeInactive Node
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$67 '1* '1- +$< +6- 125 3<0 572 :25
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3<0 ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� �������
572 ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� ������� �������
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Traffic measured hourly on September 18, 1998,and averaged over the day.
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Backbone
Domain
Domain
CoarseFlow
switch toswitch
MediumFlowhost to
host
FineFlow
application toapplication
Ingress
Egress
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0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
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fine
medium
coarse
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Ingress 1
Egress
BackboneIngress 2
Ingress 3
Ingress 1 → Egresscoarse flow
Ingress 1+2 → Egresscoarser flow
Ingress 1+2+3 → Egressultracoarse flow
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0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 8 16 32 64
fine
coarse
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λ+λ−
Reflectedt
λ− λ+Incident
t
λ+ λ−
Mechanical Stretcher
Chirped FBG
Relative Time Delay (ps)
Wavelength (nm)Linearly Chirped FBG
λ
No Slope Change at λStretch
Relative Time Delay (ps)
Wavelength (nm)
Nonlinearly Chirped FBGλ
Slope Change at λStretch
1000 ps/nm
300 ps/nm
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WDM Demux
Space Switch for λ1
WDM Mux
Space Switch for λ2
WDM Mux
WDM Demux
Space Switch for λ3
WDM Mux
WDM Demux
Space Switch for λ4
WDM Mux
WDM Demux
Electronic Control
INPUT OUT PUT
λ1 ... λ4from 10 km away
λ1 ... λ4from 100 km away
λ1 generated from
either 10 or 100 km away
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50 ps/div
50 km no compensation
100 km no compensation
50 km w/ grating compensation
10 Gb/s baseline
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10-3
10-5
10-7
10-9
Power (dBm)B
it E
rror
Rat
e
10 Gb/s Baseline50 km w/o grating50 km w/ grating104 km w/o grating104 km w/ grating
100 km w/ grating compensation
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Packets can be compressed
All Optical Packet Compressor
+ Time Multiplexing
tA
B
C
DP2
P1 P1 P2
t
tλ1
λ1
λ1
Optical Chirping techniques optical buffers
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Wavelength Shifting (WS)
P1
Optical SwitchP2
λ1
λ1
P2P1
λ1
Subcarrier Multiplexing (SCM)
P1
P2
λ1
λ1
P1λ1
f
BB
f
BB
f
SCBB
BB - Baseband SC - Subcarrier
t
tA
B
C
D
No extra wavelength required
Uses wavelength domain
tOptical Switch
P2λ2
A
B
C
D
P1P1
P2
P2
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PayloadNew Header
Original Header Payload
Payload DataOriginal HeaderFlag
Payload DataFlag
Inco
min
g P
acke
tO
utgo
ing
Pac
ket
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Switching Node
F: FlagH: Header
FDATA H1
FDATA H2
CW Generator
Ext. Mod.
Gate
New Header
Tap Switch
Control Electronics
......F Coupler
H2
H2
DATA
Head er Replacement Module
DATA H1
FDATA H1
F H2 F
FDATA H2
- Must ensure that output is at exactly the same λ as input- Must ensure that output is at exactly the same λ as input
11/16/98 36
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12
3
Wavelength shifter: Time-to-wavelength
mapping
Wavelength selective
delay
t
Optical Switch 1 3 2 Payload
Data Packet t
123
t Electronic Decoder
Accepted to OFC’ 99
Output 1Output 2
2.5 Gb/s packets with 1.6 nsec guard time
Correlator
Control signal
Output port 1
Output port 2
101 111 110
t
Input packets
No matchMatch
11/16/98 37
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Transparent Optical Core
IP
IP
IP
IP
IP IP
Optical Switch
Optical Switch
Optical Switch
All-Optical Look-up table
1 32 PayloadData Packet
t
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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
FREQUENCY (MHz)
0
5
10
15
20
25
NO
TC
H F
ILT
ER
RE
SPO
NSE
(dB
)
1.0 m0.7 m0.5 m
Theoretical response SATURABLE
GAIN ORABSORBER
50/50COUPLER
Signal to be filtered
Filter forming CW pump signal
temporary grating
Accepted to OFC’ 99
Frequency (MHz)
Filt
er R
espo
nse
(dB
)
Pump signal forms a temporary
grating that filters signal
Bandwidths from sub-MHz to beyond GHz Configurable to either bandpass or notch Built in interferometric phase alignment
EDF Lengths
11/16/98 39
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Bandpass filter
Notch filter
λ100MHz
λ
λ
Subcarriers used for routing in NGI Current Optical filters for RF signal processing:
Limited tunability FWHM is too wide
Optical Switch
Subcarrier Channels
Optical Carrier
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Local Clock
Unsynchronized Input Bits
500 ps
125 ps
1 ns /div
Synchronized Output Bits1 ns /div
Channel 1 (1542 nm)
Channel 2 (1552 nm)
Resolution <1/8 bit time
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Synchronization Node
Unsynchronized Input Bits
Mux or
Switch Synchronized Output Bits
Local CLK
0.5 bit0.125 bit 0.25 bit
Space Switch
Fiber Delay
Synchronization Electronics
Channel 1
Channel 2
Control Signals
Control Signals
Synchronization Electronics
A
D
C
B
11/16/98 42
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