2 3 4 one of the most common type of workplace injuries is those incurred from manual handling. to...
TRANSCRIPT
Work Health and Safety
Section 9
Vocational Education and TrainingTraining Toolbox Series
ICA11v1.0 Information, Digital Media & Technology
Cert I, II and III
Types of Hazards- Manual Lifting and Mechanical Hazards
2
Work Health and Safety
Table of ContentsSection 9 – Types of Hazards – Manual Lifting and Mechanical Hazards Manual Handling Slide - 04Injury Prevention Using Mechanical Aids Slide - 05Injury Prevention Slide - 06Proper Manual Handling Techniques Slide - 08Mechanical Hazards Slide - 09Steps in Shut Down, Isolation and Lock Out Slide - 11Tool Safety Slide - 12Personal Protection Equipment Slide - 13Safety Signs Slide - 14Types of Safety Signs Slide - 15Safety Tags Slide - 16
3
Work Health and Safety
Manual Handling
4
One of the most common type of workplace injuries is those incurred from manual handling.
To prevent manual handling injuries an employer needs to consider:
Organisation of workflow Job design Job training Eliminating heavy manual handling tasks Decreasing manual handling tasks Reducing stressful body movements Improving environmental conditions
Work Health and Safety
Injury Prevention using Mechanical Aids
5
Mechanical aids substantially lower the risk for back injury by reducing the worker's physical effort required to handle heavy objects. Mechanical aids could include:
Forklifts Pallet trucks Jib cranes Lift tables Cranes Trolleys
Work Health and Safety
Injury Prevention
6
If mechanical aids cannot eliminate manual handling, then there are ways to decrease the manual handling demands:
Decrease the weight of handled objects Reduce the weight by assigning two people to lift the
load Change the type of manual handling movement Change work area layouts Assign more time for repetitive handling tasks Alternate heavy tasks with lighter ones
Work Health and Safety
Injury Prevention
7
To avoid twisting and bending injuries one should consider:
Providing a work level suitable to the worker's height Eliminating storage methods that cause excessive bending Ensuring sufficient space for the worker to turn Locating objects within easy reach Ensuring that there is clear and easy access to the load Using lifting aids to lift/move loads without handles Balancing contents inside containers Using rigid containers Balancing loads Changing load shape so it can be handled closer to the
body
Work Health and Safety
Some general lifting rules are:
Prepare to lift by warming up the muscles Stand close to the load, facing the way you intend to move Use a wide stance to gain balance Bend the knees Ensure a good grip on the load Keep arms straight Tighten abdominal muscles Tuck chin into the chest Initiate the lift with body weight Lift the load close to the body Use legs not back muscles to lift Lift smoothly without jerking Avoid twisting and side bending while lifting
Proper Manual Handling Techniques
8
Work Health and Safety
Mechanical Hazards
9
Mechanical hazards are those associated with machinery, tool and equipment use.
Injury from mechanical related hazards can be reduce if:
Training is provided and in some cases certification Machinery/equipment is properly maintained Safety devises are in place and operational Areas around machinery/equipment is clean and
accessible All inoperable machines/equipment are fully disabled Operators/users have suitable personal protection
equipment
Work Health and Safety
Mechanical Hazards
10
To lessen the risk of injury when using machinery or equipment follow these guidelines:
Do not distract an operator Do not wear loose clothing Do not leave machines running unattended Do not try and fix any machine unless qualified to do so Do not remove any safety guard or mechanisms Do not use rags near moving parts of machines Do not use compressed air to blow debris from machines Do not operate any equipment unless experienced to do so Do not have ‘riders’ on equipment such as forklifts, etc. Do not try and fix any mobile equipment unless qualified
Work Health and Safety
Shut Down, Isolation and Lock Out
11
Proper shutdown procedures prevent damage to machines/equipment and prevent injury.
The common steps would include:
All operators and employees advised The machine is turned off Switches are locked The machine is tagged with safety tags Power disconnected Dissipate or restrain any stored or residual energy Signs and barricades used Safety tests are performed before repair, etc.
Work Health and Safety
Tool Safety
12
Tool safety refers to both hand and power tools.
General hand tool safety includes:
Keep all tools in good condition Use the tool suited for the job Do not force the tool
General power tools safety includes:
Ensure all power cords are in good condition Ensure the too is in good condition and well maintained Use the tool suited for the job Be trained to use the tool Use proper personal protection
Work Health and Safety
Personal Protection Equipment (PPE)
13
Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) protects worker’ eyes, ears, head, hands, feet and exposed skin.
PPE protects workers from:
Noise Fire, sparks, flames, etc. Falling objects Flying objects Sharp objects Environmental factors, sun, heat, cold, wet, etc
Work Health and Safety
Safety Signs
14
Standard safety signs are used as an aid to:
Communicate information on hazards Communicate the need for personal protective equipment Communicate the location of safety equipment Communicate the location of emergency facilities Give guidance and instruction in an emergency
Work Health and Safety
Types of Safety Signs
15
Australian Standard 1319 - 1994 Safety Signs for the Occupational Environment describe picture and text only safety signs.
These include:
Stop and Prohibition
DangerCautionEmergency InformationMandatory
Work Health and Safety
Safety Tags
16
Lock out tags are used for informing workers that the machine, tool, etc. is damaged, out of order and is unsafe to use.
Work Health and Safety
End of Section 9
17
Work Health and Safety