2 nd science midterm review by teacher olivia chapter 3: looking at habitats lesson #1: places to...
TRANSCRIPT
2nd Science Midterm Review
byTeacher Olivia
Chapter 3: Looking at Habitats
Lesson #1: Places to Live
Vocabulary Habitat: A place where plants and animals live.
for +
*What can animals & plants find in a habitat to live?
Animals: food, home/shelter and waterPlants: soil, rain/water, sunlight and animals
Different kinds of habitats Grassy and warm grassland
Wet and grassy pond
Cold and snowy arctic
Hot and dry desert
How do living things use their habitats?
Animals: 1) food: plants or other animals 2) shelter: hide and sleep
Plants: 1) different soil to grow 2) different weather - dry places: big stems to hold and save water
- wet places: big leaves to get rid of extra water
Vocabulary Food chain: a model of the order in which
living things get the food they need.- Shows how food energy moves from one living
thing to another Food web: 2 or more food chains are
connected.- one kind of animal can be food for many bigger
animals
Food chain & food web both starts with the sun.
Vocabulary Predator: an animal that hunts other
animals for food (bigger animals) Prey: animals that are hunted by
predators (smaller animals)
Prey?
Food ChainPlants: are ‘producers’- need sun to make their own foodInsects/animals: are ‘herbivore’ - eat plants for foodSnakes: are ‘carnivore’ - eat insects for foodHawks: are ‘carnivore’- eat frogs for foodWorms: are ‘decomposers’- break the dead things up into very small
pieces
Vocabulary Drought: a long period of time with little
or no rain
- plants & animals can not live without water, but too much water will cause flood
- flood: when there’s too much water
Vocabulary Endanger: when many of one kind of animal die and only a few are left
Extinct: When a living thing dies out and no more of its kind live on earth• Which animals are endangered?• Which animal is extinct?
Vocabulary Fossil: What is left of a living thing from
the past- scientists get clues and study about habitats
of the past from the plants and animal fossils- _______ can help tell how animals may have
looked or moved.- Predict-If fossils do not match the habitat they were
found habitat has changed
How do habitat change Nature disaster can change habitat- no water/rain drought- too much water floods, typhoons, tsunami - fire burn and kill animals or plants Animals can change habitat- beavers make dams pond People can change habitat- cut down plants or trees - build houses or other buildings- pollutions
What happens when habitats change?
Animals- adapt to the new habitat adaptation- find new habitat migrate- many of them die endangered or
extinct (people hunt them or build on their habitat)
Vocabulary Woodland forest: A habitat that
gets enough rain and sunlight for trees to grow well
- Winter is cold- Summer is hot
Rain forest: A habitat where it rains almost every day - Always warm, steamy and moist
Woodland forest Animals : deer, birds, bears, foxes, fish,
insects, worms and snakes* different ways to survive:- build homes in trees and sleep in logs during the
winter- sleep through winter when there’s no food
hibernate - eat different food (leaves, fruits or animals) in
different season
Plants : have leaves that - change color in different season - drop to the ground in the fall - some stay green all year
Tropical Rain Forest Animals :- live in the treetops (high): bats, insects, colorful birds- live on the ground (low): jaguars, tapirs, wild boars (wild
pigs)
Plants :- grow tall and have huge leaves- Orchids, ferns & mosses live on trees to get sunlight
animals & plants try to blend in with the trees to stay safe camouflage
Vocabulary Desert: a dry habitat that gets very
little rain- very hot, dry and sandy - Hot during the day- Cold at night
Arctic: a very cold near the North Pole - very cold and windy
Desert (hot and dry) Weather-Hot during the day-Cold at night Soil- sandy and rocky Plants: cactus- steams & leaves store water - roots spread out far or deep to find water- Leaves curl up during the day (why?)
Desert Animals- tortoises, snails, lizards, coyote- need to survive without much water- sleep during the day or stay in shed - come out at night to hunt for food
* Where do they get water?1. eat plants2. eat other animals
* Why do they have pale skin color?1. Stay cool
2. Hide from other animals
Arctic (cold & dry desert)
Animals- foxes, reindeer, polar bears, walruses * How do animals survive & keep warm in the
cold winter?1. thick white fur2. thick blubber (fat)
Arctic Plants- small & short sheltered from cold wind- Soil under the surface & stay frozen all
year- leaves tiny- roots shallow (short, not deep)
• Why do plants have short roots?• Why can’t plants grow tall?
Vocabulary Pond: a small body of fresh water
that does not flow - has little or no salt
Ocean: a large body of salt water that is always flowing.
Pond (fresh water/doesn’t flow)
Animals- frogs, fish, turtles, snakes, insects, alligators- breathe in different ways: * insects tube * salamanders skin * fish gills
Plants- roots grow near the shore- stems, leaves, flowers grow out of the water to get
sunlight
Ocean (salt water)covers most of the earth
Animals- fish, sharks, dolphins fins or flippers help them swim- jellyfish & squid move by sucking in and forcing out water- sea turtles & clams have hard shells- Sea star & blow fish have sharp spines
• Coral reef: a living ocean habitat
Plants- Kelp kind of seaweed
provide food & shelter to other animals