2009-2010 aws field report
TRANSCRIPT
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Antarctic Automatic Weather Stations
Abbreviated Field Report for 2009-2010
Matthew A. Lazzara
George A. Weidner
Jonathan E. Thom
Lee J. Welhouse
Nicole M. Schroeder
Space Science and Engineering Center
University of Wisconsin - Madison
Madison, Wisconsin 53706
The National Science Foundation’s Office of Polar Programs funds the placement of automatic
weather station (AWS) units in remote areas in Antarctica in support of meteorological research,
applications and operations. The basic AWS units measure air temperature, wind speed and
direction at a nominal height of 3 meters above the surface. Air pressure is measured at the height
of the AWS electronic enclosure. Some units measure relative humidity at 3 meters above the
surface and the air temperature difference between .5 and 3 meters above the surface at the time of
installation. A small, but increasing number of AWS sites measure snow accumulation. The data
are collected by the ARGOS Data Collection System (DCS) on board the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and MetOp (EUMETSAT) series of polar-orbiting satellites.
The AWS units are located in arrays for specific research activities and also used for operational
purposes. Any one AWS may support several experiments and all support operational
meteorological services - especially support for weather forecasts for aircraft flights.
Research areas supported in the past include:
• Barrier wind flow along the Antarctic Peninsula and the Transantarctic Mountains
• Katabatic wind flow down the Byrd and Beardmore Glaciers, the Siple and Adelie Coast
• Mesoscale circulation and sensible and latent heat fluxes on the Ross Ice Shelf
• The Ross Ice Shelf Air Stream.
• Climatology of long operating AWS sites in particular, Byrd and Dome C sites.
• Meteorological support for the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Initiative
• Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) along the Antarctic Peninsula
• Meteorological support for United States Antarctic Program flight operations
A sampling of historically supported principal investigators funded by NSF-OPP:
• Dr. Douglas R. MacAyeal: Iceberg Drift in the Near-Shelf Environment, Ross Ice Shelf,
Antarctica
• Drs. Tom Parish and John Cassano: The Ross Ice Shelf Air Stream
• Dr. Ray Smith, Long Term Ecological Research: Racer Rock, Bonaparte Point, and Santa
Claus Island.
• West Antarctic Ice Sheet Initiative: Siple Dome and West Antarctic Divide drilling sites
• Aircraft Operation: All AWS sites in Antarctic.
• The Antarctic AWS units support many investigators outside of NSF-OPP.
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AMRC collaboration:
• Climatological analysis from the AWS, and other stations (complimenting the activities in the
SCAR READER project).
• Continued data collection, archival and distribution of AWS data.
• Continued educational outreach activities (as outlined in the above section and in the
following outreach section).
• Utilities developed to generate climatological analyses from AWS observations.
Current research efforts include:
• Composite analysis of the surface effects of El Nino/Southern Oscillation and La Nina
teleconnections on Antarctica
• Ross Ice Shelf wind flow studies (with collaborator, Dr. John Cassano)
• Snow accumulation studies
• State of the Antarctic climate
Fieldwork completed for 2009-2010
The 2009-2010 field team included Matthew Lazzara (O-283), Lee Welhouse (O-283), and
Nicole Schroeder (O-283). Ms. Nicole Schroeder arrived in McMurdo 31 December 2009 and
redeployed on 26 January 2010. Mr. Lee Welhouse and Dr. Matthew Lazzara deployed to
McMurdo Station on 9 January 2010, and redeployed on 8 February 2010. Fieldwork was also
done through cooperative programs with personnel from the Japanese Antarctic program (JARE),
the French Antarctic program Institut Polaire Français - Paul Emile Victor (IPEV), the Mawson’s
Hut Foundation, and the British Antarctic Survey (BAS). A total of 15 AWS were visited this
field season.
Several AWS sites were not able to be serviced due to the reduced field deployment and the
weather. Sites that had been expected to visit included Siple Dome and Minna Bluff AWS. New
sites that did not get installed included the Tall Tower AWS site and three new AWS in the Pine
Island Glacier area of West Antarctica: Thurston Island, Bear Peninsula and Pig Helo Camp Site
C/Meyers Nunatak – to be installed by Dr. David Holland. These will be attempted again in the
2010-2011 field season.
Summary fieldwork follows:
A. McMurdo based operations (USAP/Wisconsin)
Site ARGOS ID Service performed at site
Ferrell 8929 Retrieve ADG data, Replaced memory
module, raised lower sensors
Willie Field 21364 Raised lower temperature probe
Fixed wind sensor mounting
Windless Bight 8982 AWS raised; replaced ADG arm
Lettau 8928 Replaced Batteries
Pegasus North 8937 Fixed wind sensor mounting
Elaine 21375 Replaced AWS: new ADG and
solar radiation sensors
Eric 8697 Raised AWS; recovered/replaced batteries
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B. West Antarctic based operation (USAP/Wisconsin)
Site ARGOS ID Service performed at site
Kominko-Slade (WAIS) 8936 AWS raised; electronics added to snow
temperature string; Added battery
Byrd 8903 AWS raised – new tower and sensor boom
-by Dr David Holland, Joe Petit,
Susha Dore
C. South Pole (USAP/Wisconsin)
Site ARGOS ID Service performed at site
South Pole n/a Test radiation shield AWS installed.
D. Palmer Station/Peninsula (USAP/Wisconsin)
No AWS serviced in the Palmer Station/Peninsula region
E. Field work in Adelie Land (France –IPEV)
Site ARGOS ID Service performed at site
D-47 8916 Replaced AWS 8947 with AWS 8916
E-66 8947 Removed AWS 8912 with AWS 8947
See appendix for excerpts from report from IPEV
F. Field work in Adelie Land (Mawson’s Hut Foundation)
No AWS servicing due to cargo problems
G. Field work in Enderby Land (Japan – JARE)
Site ARGOS ID Service performed at site
Dome Fuji 8904 Replaced AWS with a new AWS
Relay Station 8918 Replaced AWS with a new AWS
H. Field work in Peninsula (United Kingdom – BAS) & AWS maintained cooperatively with the
British Antarctic Survey
Site ARGOS ID Service performed at site
Dismal Island 8932 Replaced AWS with a new AWS
See appendix for photos from BAS
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Figure 1. A draft map of Antarctica showing the locations of the University of Wisconsin’s
automatic weather stations (and other nations) for 2010. Identification of the sites is by the
site name
Draft
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Servicing of Dismal Island AWS by British Antarctic Survey
(Photos Courtesy of Tasmin Gray, BAS)
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