Cancer Statistics 2009A Presentation From the American Cancer Society

©2009, American Cancer Society, Inc.

2009 Estimated US Cancer Deaths*

ONS=Other nervous system.Source: American Cancer Society, 2009.

Men292,540

Women269,800

26% Lung & bronchus

15% Breast

9% Colon & rectum

6% Pancreas

5% Ovary

4% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

3% Leukemia

3% Uterine corpus

2% Liver & intrahepaticbile duct

2% Brain/ONS

25% All other sites

Lung & bronchus 30%

Prostate 9%

Colon & rectum 9%

Pancreas 6%

Leukemia 4%

Liver & intrahepatic 4%bile duct

Esophagus 4%

Urinary bladder 3%

Non-Hodgkin 3% lymphoma

Kidney & renal pelvis 3%

All other sites 25%

US Mortality, 2006

*Includes nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis.Source: US Mortality Data 2006, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009.

1. Heart Diseases 631,636 26.0

2. Cancer 559,888 23.1

3. Cerebrovascular diseases 137,119 5.7

4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases 124,583 5.1

5. Accidents (unintentional injuries) 121,599 5.0

6. Diabetes mellitus 72,449 3.0

7. Alzheimer disease 72,432 3.0

8. Influenza & pneumonia 56,326 2.3

9. Nephritis* 45,344 1.9

10. Septicemia 34,234 1.4

Rank Cause of DeathNo. of deaths

% of all deaths

Change in US Death Rates* from 1991 to 2006

* Age-adjusted to 2000 US standard population.Sources: 1950 Mortality Data - CDC/NCHS, NVSS, Mortality Revised.2006 Mortality Data: US Mortality Data 2006, NCHS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009.

17.8

63.3

34.8

313.0

215.1

43.6

180.7200.2

0

100

200

300

400

Heart diseases Cerebrovascular

diseases

Influenza &

pneumonia

Cancer

1991

2006

Rate Per 100,000

Trends in the Number of Cancer Deaths Among Men and Women, US, 1930-2006

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

Women

Men

Nu

mb

er o

f C

ance

r D

eath

s

265,000

270,000

275,000

280,000

285,000

290,000

295,000

2000200120022003200420052006

Men

Women

Source: US Mortality Data, 1930-2006, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009.

Cancer Death Rates* by Sex, US, 1975-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Source: US Mortality Data 1960-2005, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

Men

Both Sexes

Rate Per 100,000

Women

Cancer Death Rates* Among Men, US,1930-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Source: US Mortality Data 1960-2005, US Mortality Volumes 1930-1959,National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008.

0

20

40

60

80

100

1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Lung & bronchus

Colon & rectum

Stomach

Rate Per 100,000

Prostate

Pancreas

LiverLeukemia

Cancer Death Rates* Among Women, US,1930-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Source: US Mortality Data 1960-2005, US Mortality Volumes 1930-1959,National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008.

0

20

40

60

80

100

1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Lung & bronchus

Colon & rectum

Uterus

Stomach

Breast

Ovary

Pancreas

Rate Per 100,000

230.7

138.8

190.0

159.2186.7

95.6

142.0

105.2

313.0

159.0

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

White AfricanAmerican

Asian/PacificIslander

AmericanIndian/ Alaskan

Native

Hispanic†

Men Women

*Per 100,000, age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.† Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control andPopulation Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Cancer Death Rates* by Race and Ethnicity, US, 2001-2005

All sites 313.0 230.7 1.4

Prostate 59.4 24.6 2.4

Larynx 4.8 2.1 2.3

Stomach 11.5 5.0 2.3

Myeloma 8.3 4.3 1.9

Oral cavity and pharynx 6.7 3.8 1.8

Small intestine 0.7 0.4 1.8

Liver and intrahepatic bile duct 10.3 6.7 1.5

Colon and rectum 31.8 22.1 1.4

Esophagus 9.8 7.8 1.3

Lung and bronchus 93.1 71.3 1.3

Pancreas 15.4 12.1 1.3

Cancer Sites in Men for Which African American Death Rates* Exceed White Death Rates*, US, 2001-2005

*Per 100,000, age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control andPopulation Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Site African American WhiteRatio of African American/White

All sites 186.7 159.2 1.2

Stomach 5.5 2.5 2.2

Myeloma 6.0 2.8 2.1

Uterine cervix 4.7 2.3 2.0

Esophagus 2.8 1.6 1.8

Uterine corpus 7.1 3.9 1.8

Small intestine 0.5 0.3 1.7

Larynx 0.8 0.5 1.6

Colon and rectum 22.4 15.3 1.5

Pancreas 12.4 9.0 1.4

Breast 33.5 24.4 1.4

Gallbladder 1.0 0.8 1.3

Urinary bladder 2.8 2.2 1.3

Liver and intrahepatic bile duct 3.9 2.9 1.3

Cancer Sites in Women for Which African American Death Rates* Exceed White Death Rates*, US, 2001-2005

*Per 100,000, age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Site African American WhiteRatio of African American/White

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

African American men

White men

African American women

White women

Rate Per 100,000

Cancer Death Rates* by Sex and Race, US, 1975-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control andPopulation Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

2009 Estimated US Cancer Cases*

*Excludes basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ carcinomas except urinary bladder.Source: American Cancer Society, 2009.

Men766,130

Women713,220

27% Breast

14% Lung & bronchus

10% Colon & rectum

6% Uterine corpus

4% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

4% Melanoma of skin

4% Thyroid

3% Kidney & renal pelvis

3% Ovary

3% Pancreas

22% All Other Sites

Prostate 25%

Lung & bronchus 15%

Colon & rectum 10%

Urinary bladder 7%

Melanoma of skin 5%

Non-Hodgkin5% lymphoma

Kidney & renal pelvis 5%

Leukemia 3%

Oral cavity 3%

Pancreas 3%

All Other Sites 19%

Cancer Incidence Rates* by Sex, US, 1975-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population and adjusted for delays in reporting.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, Delay-adjusted Incidence database: SEER Incidence Delay-adjusted Rates, 9 Registries, 1975-2005, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

Both Sexes

Men

Women

Rate Per 100,000

Cancer Incidence Rates* Among Men, US, 1975-2005

0

50

100

150

200

250

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

Prostate

Lung & bronchus

Colon and rectum

Urinary bladder

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Rate Per 100,000

Melanoma of the skin

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population and adjusted for delays in reporting.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, Delay-adjusted Incidence database: SEER Incidence Delay-adjusted Rates, 9 Registries, 1975-2005, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Cancer Incidence Rates* Among Women, US, 1975-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population and adjusted for delays in reporting.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, Delay-adjusted Incidence database: SEER Incidence Delay-adjusted Rates, 9 Registries, 1975-2005, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

0

50

100

150

200

250

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

Colon and rectum

Rate Per 100,000

Breast

Lung & bronchus

Uterine CorpusOvary

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Cancer Incidence Rates* by Race and Ethnicity, 2001-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.†Person of Hispanic origin may be of any race.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control andPopulation Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

551.4

354.0 336.6

423.6398.9

287.8 296.4 317.8

651.5

419.4

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

White African American Asian/Pacific Islander American Indian/Alaska Native

Hispanic†

Men Women

Rate Per 100,000

Cancer Incidence Rates* by Sex and Race, US,1975-2005

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, Delay-adjusted Incidence database: SEER Incidence Delay-adjusted Rates, 9 Registries, 1975-2005, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

African American men

White men

White women

African American women

Rate Per 100,000

* For those free of cancer at beginning of age interval.

Source: DevCan: Probability of Developing or Dying of Cancer Software, Version 6.3.0 Statistical Research and Applications Branch, NCI, 2008. http://srab.cancer.gov/devcan

Lifetime Probability of Developing Cancer, Men, 2003-2005*

† All Sites exclude basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ cancers except urinary bladder .

Site Risk

All sites† 1 in 2

Prostate 1 in 6

Lung and bronchus 1 in 13

Colon and rectum 1 in 18

Urinary bladder‡ 1 in 27

Melanoma§ 1 in 39

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 1 in 45

Kidney 1 in 57

Leukemia 1 in 67

Oral Cavity 1 in 72

Stomach 1 in 90

‡ Includes invasive and in situ cancer cases§ Statistic for white men.

Lifetime Probability of Developing Cancer, Women, US, 2003-2005*

Site Risk

All sites† 1 in 3

Breast 1 in 8

Lung & bronchus 1 in 16

Colon & rectum 1 in 20

Uterine corpus 1 in 40

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 1 in 53

Urinary bladder‡ 1 in 84

Melanoma§ 1 in 58

Ovary 1 in 72

Pancreas 1 in 75

Uterine cervix 1 in 145

Source: DevCan: Probability of Developing or Dying of Cancer Software, Version 6.3.0 Statistical Research and Applications Branch, NCI, 2008. http://srab.cancer.gov/devcan

* For those free of cancer at beginning of age interval. † All Sites exclude basal and squamous cell skin cancers and in situ cancers except urinary bladder .‡ Includes invasive and in situ cancer cases§ Statistic for white women.

All Sites 68 58 10

Breast (female) 91 78 13

Colon 66 55 11

Esophagus 18 11 7

Leukemia 52 42 10

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 66 58 8

Oral cavity 62 42 20

Prostate 99 96 3

Rectum 67 59 8

Urinary bladder 82 66 16

Uterine cervix 74 65 9

Uterine corpus 86 61 25

Cancer Survival*(%) by Race,1996-2004

*5-year relative survival rates based on cancer patients diagnosed from 1996 to 2004 and followed through 2005. Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control andPopulation Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Site WhiteAbsolute Difference

AfricanAmerican

Trends in Five-year Relative Survival (%)* Rates, US, 1975-2004

*5-year relative survival rates based on follow up of patients through 2005. Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control andPopulation Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

 

 

 

Site 1975-1977 1984-1986 1996-2004All sites 50 54 66

Breast (female) 75 79 89

Colon 52 59 65

Leukemia 35 42 51

Lung and bronchus 13 13 16

Melanoma 82 87 92

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 48 53 65

Ovary 37 40 46

Pancreas 3 3 5

Prostate 69 76 99

Rectum 49 57 67

Urinary bladder 74 78 81

Cancer Incidence & Death Rates* in Children 0-14 Years, 1975-2005

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1975 1978 1981 1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

Incidence

Mortality

Rate Per 100,000

*Age-adjusted to the 2000 Standard population.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Cancer Incidence Rates* in Children 0-14 Years by Sex, 2001-2005

*Per 100,000, age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.ONS = Other nervous systemSource: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Site Male Female Total

All sites 16.1 14.1 15.1

Leukemia 5.4 4.5 5.0

Acute Lymphocytic 4.3 3.6 3.9

Brain/ONS 3.4 3.1 3.2

Soft tissue 1.1 1.0 1.1

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 1.2 0.6 0.9

Kidney and renal pelvis 0.8 0.8 0.8

Bone and Joint 0.7 0.7 0.7

Hodgkin lymphoma 0.7 0.4 0.5

Cancer Death Rates* in Children 0-14 Years by Sex, US, 2001-2005

*Per 100,000, age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population.ONS = Other nervous systemSource: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

Site Male Female Total

All sites 2.7 2.3 2.5

Leukemia 0.8 0.7 0.8

Acute Lymphocytic 0.4 0.3 0.4

Brain/ONS 0.8 0.7 0.7

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma 0.1 0.1 0.1

Soft tissue 0.1 0.1 0.1

Bone and Joint 0.1 0.1 0.1

Kidney and Renal pelvis 0.1 0.1 0.1

Trends in Cancer Survival by Age Group, Children 0-14 Years,1975-2004

*5-year relative survival rates, based on follow up of patients through 2005.Source: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 1975-2005, Division of Cancer Control andPopulation Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 2008.

5 - Year Relative Survival Rates *AgeYear ofDiagnosis

1975 - 1977

1996 - 2004

1975 - 1977

1996 - 2004

0 - 4 Years

1975 - 1977

1996 - 2004

5 - 9 Years

10 - 14 Years

Tobacco Use in the US, 1900-2005

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

1900190519101915192019251930193519401945195019551960196519701975198019851990199520002005Year

Per Capita Cigarette Consumption

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Age-Adjusted Lung Cancer Death

Rates*

*Age-adjusted to 2000 US standard population.

Source: Death rates: US Mortality Data, 1960-2005, US Mortality Volumes, 1930-1959, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006. Cigarette consumption: US Department of Agriculture, 1900-2007.

Per capita cigarette consumption

Male lung cancer death rate

Female lung cancer death rate

Trends in Cigarette Smoking Prevalence* (%), by Sex, Adults 18 and Older, US, 1965-2007

*Redesign of survey in 1997 may affect trends.Source: National Health Interview Survey, 1965-2007, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

19651974197919831985199019921994199519971998199920002001200220032004200520062007Year

Prevalence (%)

Men

Women

Current* Cigarette Smoking Prevalence (%) Among High School Students by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, US, 1991-2007

*Smoked cigarettes on one or more of the 30 days preceding the survey.Source: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1991, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007 National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008.

28

35

31

13

16

27

23

11

1918

19

2725

1214

19

2523

24

8

15 15

19

3230

11

14

23

40

37

12

28

33

4040

17

32

36

28

34

39 38

22

32

18

33

2726

0

10

20

30

40

50

White, non-HispanicFemale

White, non-Hispanic Male

AfricanAmerican, non-

HispanicFemale

AfricanAmerican, non-Hispanic Male

HispanicFemale

Hispanic Male

Prevalence (%)

1991 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

2005 2007

Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States.Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System CD-ROM (1984-1995, 1996, 1998) and Public Use Data Tape (2000, 2003, 2005, 2007), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008.

24.2 24.4 24.1 24.4 23.6 24.3 24.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1994 1996 1998 2000 2003 2005 2007

Year

Prevalence (%)

Trends in Consumption of Five or More Recommended Vegetable and Fruit Servings for Cancer Prevention, Adults 18 and Older, US, 1994-2007

Trends in Prevalence (%) of No Leisure-Time Physical Activity, by Educational Attainment, Adults 18 and Older, US, 1992-2007

Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States. Educational attainment is for adults 25 and older.Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System CD-ROM (1984-1995, 1996, 1998) and Public Use Data Tape (2000, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008.

05

1015202530354045505560

1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Year

Prevalence (%)

Adults with less than a high school education

All adults

Trends in Prevalence (%) of High School Students Attending PE Class Daily, by Grade, US, 1991-2007

9th

10th

11th

12th

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

Year

Prevalence (%)

Source: Source: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1991, 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007 National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008.

Trends in Obesity* Prevalence (%), Children and Adolescents, by Age Group, US, 1971-2006

*Body mass index (BMI) at or above the sex-and age-specific 95th percentile BMI cutoff points from the 2000 sex-specific BMI-for-age CDC Growth Charts. Note: Previous editions of Cancer Statistics used the term “overweight” to describe youth in this BMI category.Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1971-1974, 1976-1980, 1988-1994, 1999-2002, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002, 2004. 2003-2006: Ogden CL, et al. High Body Mass Index for Age among US Children and Adolescents, 2003-2006. JAMA 2008; 299 (20): 2401-05.

54

65

7

5

7

11 1110

16 16

12

1718

0

5

10

15

20

2 to 5 years 6 to 11 years 12 to 19 years

Prevalence (%)

NHANES I (1971-74) NHANES II (1976-80) NHANES III (1988-94)

NHANES 1999-2002 NHANES 2003-2006

Trends in Obesity* Prevalence (%), By Gender, Adults Aged 20 to 74, US, 1960-2006†

*Obesity is defined as a body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or greater. † Age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population. Source: National Health Examination Survey 1960-1962, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1971-1974, 1976-1980, 1988-1994, 1999-2002, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002, 2004. 2003-2004, 2005-2006: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Public Use Data Files, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006, 2007.

1311

161512

1715

13

17

2321

26

3128

3433 323535 34

36

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Both sexes Men Women

Prevalence (%)

NHES I (1960-62) NHANES I (1971-74) NHANES II (1976-80) NHANES III (1988-94)

NHANES 1999-2002 NHANES 2003-2004 NHANES 2005-2006

Trends in Overweight* Prevalence (%), Adults 18 and Older, US, 1992-2007

1992 1995

1998

Less than 50% 50 to 55% More than 55% State did not participate in survey

*Body mass index of 25.0 kg/m2or greater. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, CD-ROM (1984-1995, 1998) and Public Use Data Tape (2004-2007), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1997, 2000, 2005, 2007, 2008.

2007

Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer, American Cancer Society

Yearly mammograms are recommended starting at age 40.

A clinical breast exam should be part of a periodic health examination, about every 3 years for women in their 20s and 30s. Asymptomatic women aged 40 and older should continue to undergo a clinical breast exam, preferably annually*.

Beginning in their early 20s, women should be told about the benefits and limitations of breast-self examination. Women should know how their breasts normally feel and report any breast changes promptly to their health care providers.

__________

* Beginning at age 40 years, annual CBE should be performed prior to mammography

Mammogram Prevalence (%), by Educational Attainment and Health Insurance Status, Women 40 and Older, US, 1991-2006

*A mammogram within the past year. Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States.Source: Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System CD-ROM (1984-1995, 1996-1997, 1998, 1999) and Public Use Data Tape (2000, 2002, 2004, 2006), National Centers for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2002 2004 2006

Year

Prevalence (%)

Women with less than a high school education

Women with no health insurance

All women 40 and older

Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cervical Cancer, American Cancer Society

Screening should begin approximately three years after a women begins having vaginal intercourse, but no later than 21 years of age.

Screening should be done every year with regular Pap tests or every two years using liquid-based tests.

At or after age 30, women who have had three normal test results in a row may get screened every 2-3 years with cervical cytology (either conventional or liquid-based Pap test) alone, or every 3 years with a human papillomavirus DNA test plus cervical cytology.

Women 70 and older who have had three or more consecutive Pap tests in the last ten years may choose to stop cervical cancer screening.

Screening after a total hysterectomy (with removal of the cervix) is not necessary unless the surgery was done as a treatment for cervical cancer.

Trends in Recent* Pap Test Prevalence (%), by Educational Attainment and Health Insurance Status, Women 18 and Older, US, 1992-2006

* A Pap test within the past three years. Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States. Educational attainment is for women 25 and older.Source: Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System CD-ROM (1984-1995, 1996-1997, 1998, 1999) and Public Use Data Tape (2000, 2002, 2004, 2006), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007.

0

20

40

60

80

100

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2002 2004 2006Year

Prevalence (%)

Women with no health insurance

Women with less than a high school education

All women 18 and older

Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer and Adenomas, American Cancer Society 2008

Beginning at age 50, men and women should follow one of the following examination schedules:

A flexible sigmoidoscopy (FSIG) every five years

A colonoscopy every ten years

A double-contrast barium enema every five years

A Computerized Tomographic (CT) colonography every five years

A guaiac-based fecal occult blood test (FOBT) or a fecal immunochemical test (FIT) every year

A stool DNA test (interval uncertain)

Tests that detect adenomatous polyps and cancer Tests that primarily detect cancer

People who are at moderate or high risk for colorectal cancer should talk with a doctor about a different testing schedule

20

16

8

21

16

9

18

12

22

16

9

19

14

9

16

12

8

24

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Total Less than a high schooleducation

No health insurance

Prevalence (%)

1997 1999 2001 20022004 2006

Trends in Recent* Fecal Occult Blood Test Prevalence (%), by Educational Attainment and Health Insurance Status, Adults 50 Years and Older, US, 1997-2006

*A fecal occult blood test within the past year. Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System CD-ROM (1996-1997, 1999) and Public Use Data Tape (2001, 2002, 2004, 2006), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Prevention, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007.

44

37

22

44

36

21

45

36

21

50

41

22

56

43

25

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Total Less than a high schooleducation

No health insurance

Prevalence (%)

1999 2001 2002 2004 2006

Trends in Recent* Flexible Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy Prevalence (%), by Educational Attainment and Health Insurance Status, Adults 50 Years and Older, US, 1997-2006

*A flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy within the past ten years. Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System CD-ROM (1996-1997, 1999) and Public Use Data Tape (2001, 2002, 2004, 2006), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Prevention, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007.

Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Prostate Cancer, American Cancer Society

Beginning at age 50, to men who have a life expectancy of at least 10 years, health care providers should discuss the potential benefits and limitations of prostate cancer early detection testing with men and offer the PSA blood test and the digital rectal examination.*

___________

* Information should be provided to men regarding the benefits and limitations of testing so that an informed decision concerning testing can be made with the clinician’s assistance.

58

46

30

42

28

52

39

25

54

40

27

55

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Total Less than a high schooleducation

No health insurance

Prevalence (%)

2001 20022004 2006

Recent* Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test Prevalence (%), by Educational Attainment and Health Insurance Status, Men 50 Years and Older, US, 2001-2006

*A prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test within the past year. Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Public Use Data Tape (2001, 2002, 2004, 2006), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007.

57

44

29

53

42

26

50

37

22

50

35

23

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Total Less than a high schooleducation

No health insurance

Prevalence (%)

2001 20022004 2006

Recent* Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) Prevalence (%), by Educational Attainment and Health Insurance Status, Men 50 Years and Older, US, 2001-2006

*A digital rectal examination (DRE) within the past year. Note: Data from participating states and the District of Columbia were aggregated to represent the United States. Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Public Use Data Tape (2001, 2002, 2004, 2006), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007.

Sunburn* Prevalence (%) in the Past Year, Adults 18 and Older, US, 2004

46.4

36.3

22.524.0

18.4

5.7 5.8

26.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Male Female

Age-Adjusted Prevalence (%)

White non-Hispanic

Other

Hispanic

Black non-Hispanic

*Reddening of any part of the skin for more than 12 hours. Note: The overall prevalence of sunburn among adult males is 46.4% and among females is 36.3%.

Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Public Use Data Tape , 2004. National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2005.

Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure Behaviors* Prevalence (%), Adults 18 and Older, US, 2005

30

33

1210

30

14

19

26

1311

37

11

40

1210

24

17

40

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Applysunscreen

Seek the shade Wear a hat Wear long-sleeved shirt

Wear longpants

Used indoortanningdevice†

Prevalence (%)

Total Male Female

*Proportion of respondents reporting always or often practicing the particular sun protection behavior on any warm sunny day. †Used an indoor tanning device, including a sunbed, sunlamp, or tanning booth at least once, in the past 12 months.

Source: National Health Interview Survey Public Use Data File 2005, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006.

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