201 state of china shipyard and marine...

STATE OF

CHINA SHIPYARD AND MARINE EQUIPMENT INDUSTRIES

2015

Conducted by:

p.03Overview note

p. 05Ship yards/ Ship building

p.11Electrical Systems/Equipment Industry

p.14Auxiliary Equipment/Machinery Industry

p. 20Offshore Industry

p.17Ports/ Port Technology Industry

p. 24Future Business Plans

p. 31Conclusion Summary

p.08Propulsion Systems

p.04Executive Summary

2 State of China Shipyard and Marine Equipment Industries | Digital Report 2015

CONTENTS1 1 1

1 1 11 1 1 1 V

V 1


In early 2015 UBM Asia’s Marintec China team alongside Seatrade embarked on a study to better understand the current state of the Maritime industry within Asia and specifically China. A comprehensive survey was configured looking into the several areas such as ship building, propulsion systems, electrical systems, machinery, port technology, and offshore activity. The study examines per each category current status as well as opinions, future outlooks and target markets.

The study began fielding in 1 April 2015 and concluded on 22 April 2015. A total of 840 unique professionals from UBM’s marine technology database was contacted to participate in the study via email invitation with incentive drawing.

A total of 840 responses was collected with 449 fully completed surveys.

OVERVIEW NOTE& METHODOLOGY


EXECUTIVESUMMARYThis survey covers a broad spectrum of maritime sectors split into 25 different business segments. By far the largest percentage of respondents – 43.69% - came from the manufacturer and supplier segment, with shipyards then forming the next with 14.64% saying they were from the shipbuilder segment and 14.95% from ship repair.

The survey broke down the views of respondents according to the different sector (or sectors) which they conduct business in. The largest of these is the shipbuilding and shipyard sector, which effectively sets the scene for detailed results from respondents in individual sectors such as offshore, propulsion and auxiliary equipment, as well as port equipment.

The survey confirms a major shift in China’s shipbuilding and shipyard industries into the offshore sector in recent years with offshore vessels topping activity for newbuildings according to survey respondents. Offshore drilling rigs also figured

strongly. The other major trend identified has been the development of the eco-ship both in terms of newbuildings and retrofits in the conventional shipping sector. However the fall in the oil price has loomed large over both developments and respondents reported a strong impact on demand in offshore and for eco-ships.

For equipment suppliers there were mixed views on how much impact regulatory developments in the environmental sphere are having on the product mix, but good demand growth is seen for technologies addressing emissions and alternative fuels such as liquefied natural gas (LNG). For the latter there was a 95% positive response by companies involved in that business. Technological developments were identified as a strong driver in the equipment sectors both at sea and onshore in ports. The ultra large containership was also seen as a development driver in the ports sectors with landside infrastructure racing to catch-up with the latest developments in terms of vessel size with ships of 18,000 teu and above.


SHIP YARDS/SHIP BUILDING The Chinese shipyard industry has

been undergoing a tumultuous period with slowdown in conventional ship orders leading

to a state-backed restructuring of the industry. And on top of this, the oil price fall has impacted what had been both a major shift into the offshore sector and eco-ship products.

The majority of respondents in this sector are involved with ship fittings and equipment (61%), sea going vessels (45.6%), shipbuilding repairs and recycling (34%), and shipbuilding materials and semi-finished goods (10.8%).

The shift in the product mix towards offshore could be clearly seen in which sectors of shipping respondents saw the most demand for newbuildings. In terms of where demand was for newbuildings 41% said offshore support vessels, while 36% said offshore rigs (respondents could choose more than one vessel sector). In terms of conventional shipping, containerships ranked highest at 36.5%, while for bulk carriers, until a few years ago the mainstay of Chinese shipbuilding 31.7% saw demand. Showing a pattern of how China has moved up the technological ladder 25% saw demand for specialized vessels. The various tanker segments all figured at 20 – 23%.

Eco-ships have played a major role in demand for newbuilds for conventional ships over the last two-to-three years as ship-owners struggled with both high fuel prices and low freight rates making fuel saving paramount. This demand was reflected in 60% of respondents saying that their company

was involved in eco-ship designs, and green technologies and fuel saving devices for either newbuildings or retrofits. Retrofit technologies include bulbous bow replacements, Mewis Ducts and new propeller designs all of which can be fitted to existing vessels. However, the fall in the oil price has had a sharp effect on the demand for eco-ships with 72.5% saying they had seen an impact.

Views were more evenly split on the impact of the government led restructuring of the Chinese shipbuilding industry. Last year the government issued a so-called “white list” of 72 Chinese shipyards as it has moved to consolidate and streamline the sector. Of respondents 48% said the restructuring had had an impact on their business while, 52% said it had not. The restructuring was seen as favouring the larger, state-owned shipyards and as result smaller shipyards were closing down. Some saw this as impacting the demand for their products as they had fewer yards to sell to. One supplier commented: “For example, many small Zhejiang shipyards were cut. It affects the number of cargo ships built directly and it also will affect our orders.”

Others saw it as a positive rationalisation of the industry with a focus on stronger yards that could produce higher quality products, and in turn drive demand for the better quality suppliers. However, some also feared that a focus on state owned yards would impact private suppliers, the state-owned yards would source from other state-owned enterprises.

SHIFT

1

Yes

No

466

310

Answer Choices Responses

Your company is in Shipbuilding/Shipyard industry?

Shipbuilding / Shipyard Industry

No

Yes

Ship fittings and equipment

Shipbuilding (including repairs and recycling)

Ships (seagoing vessels)

Shipbuilding materials and semi-finished goods

Ship fittings and equipment

Ships (seagoing vessels)

Shipbuilding (including repairs and recycling)

Shipbuilding materials and semi-finished goods

246

185

138

44


What sector(s) of shipbuilding/shipyard your company involved in?

Involved in?

Specialised vessels (eg. heavy lift)

Dry bulk carriers Passenger vessels

Other (please specify)

Offshore support vessels

Offshore rigs

Containerships Product tankers

Crude oil tankers

Chemical tankers

Offshore support vessels

Containerships

Offshore rigs

Dry bulk carriers

Specialised vessels (eg. heavy lift)

Crude oil tankers

Product tankers

Chemical tankers

Passenger vessels


167

148

147

129

102

94

83

83

56

38


In which sector are you seeing most demand for newbuildings:

The most demand


China

Southeast Asia

Europe

East Asia Africa

South America

India & Middle East

North America

Yes

No

245

161


Is your shipyard building eco-ship designs/fitting green technologies/fuel saving devices to new buildings/and or retrofits of older vessels?

Yes

No

166

63


Has the fall in the oil price affected demand for eco-ship products?

Yes

No

181

198


Have Chinese government policies to consolidate the country’s shipyards had an impact on your business?

Shipyard building eco-ship

Fall in the oil price

Chinese government policies

No

Yes

No

Yes

No Yes

China

Europe

Southeast Asia

East Asia

India & Middle East

South America

North America

Africa

222

116

97

53

50

39

33

21


Which country(ies)/ region(s) are you seeing most demand from?

Involved in?



Globally and regionally the shipping industry is undergoing an unprecedented period

of new regulations covering everything from ballast water treatment, to air emissions, to the use of electronic charts for navigation.

In terms of the overall impact of environmental regulations on the products sold by companies answering the survey that said they provided engines and components, propulsion systems and auxiliary systems opinion was broadly divided. On a scale of 1 – 10 (1 – no impact, 10 – high impact) the highest percentage 19% said there was no impact. However there was also a fairly strong rating for the upper end of the scale with 14% of respondents giving a 10 score, and 14.5% and 9.4% choosing to answer with an 8 or 7 rating respectively. The overall weighted average was 5.4 showing a showing that an overall slightly

above average level of impact of environmental regulation on products being offering the market.

Of companies that came under the category of providing engines and components, propulsion systems and auxiliary systems, just under half, 49% said they sold abatement technology used to reduce emissions such as sea-water scrubbers. When respondents were asked if there was a growing demand for such products an overwhelming majority of 79% said they agreed that there was growing demand. As to whether there was growing demand for dual fuel or LNG engine designs the response was even more emphatically in favour with 95% agreeing that there was growing demand. In future shipowners will face further environmental and emissions pressures as governments seek to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the possible regulation of NOx emissions by ships.

SEA-WATER

PROPULSIONSYSTEMS

A. No, we do not plan to develop our own products/ designs in the future

B. We may plan to develop our own products/ designs in the next year

C. We may plan to develop our own products/ designs in the next 2-5 years

D. We are currently developing and designing our own products/ designs

17

0

8

10


Does your company plan to develop its own products/ designs in the future?

Own products

Design and sell your own engines/ components

As an agent to represent other manufacturers

89

36


What does your company provide?

Company provide

No

Yes

Engines and components

Components and accessories

Propulsion systems

Auxiliary systems


Propulsion systems

Components and accessories

Auxiliary systems

82

57

42

35


What sector(s) of propulsion systems/ prime movers your company involved in?

Prime movers

Yes

No

126

504


Your company is in Propulsion Systems/ Prime Movers industry?

Propulsion Systems


A

D

C

No

Yes

Yes

No

58

61


Is your company selling technology that helps reduce emissions (eg seawater scrubbers etc)?

Reduce emissions

No

Yes

A. Disagree 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

E. 5

F. Agree 6

3

0

3

1

5

45


Do you agree that there is a growing demand for such products?

Growing demand

F

E

Yes

No

115

6


Do you agree that there is a growing demand for dual fuel/LNG engine designs?

Dual fuel/ LNG engine designs

A

C

D


No

Yes

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS/EQUIPMENT INDUSTRY11111 State of China Shipyard and Marine Equipment Industries | Digital Report 2015

Another driver in the equipment sector is the development of new technologies. The “wired ship” with broadband internet

capabilities is today very much becoming a reality. Electronic navigational systems, that can be updated at the touch of a button instead of the old-fashioned paper charts that have been used for centuries, are becoming mandatory. Shipping companies are leveraging on technological capabilities to employ monitoring and efficiency systems so that ship managers can monitor performance real-time from the shore. There is also increased automation of cargo handling systems. In the ports sector this automation has extended to auto-guided vehicles in terminals, and semi-automated and remote controlled crane systems. In the longer term outlook there is a heated debate as to whether ships themselves could fully automated in future combined with remote shoreside operation.

In terms of companies that said they provided electrical equipment and systems the increasing use

of technology in the shipping industry was seen as a strong driver for their business. On a rating 1 to 10 (1 none, 10 most) 65.5% gave a rating of 6 or above, with the largest percentage (21.6%) giving a rating of 8.

In the port sector remote control and semi-automation is already being seen, particularly in developed western countries where labour is expensive and the jobs often unpopular due to their nature. A prime example is the Maasvlakte II terminal in Rotterdam, which started operations this year and features the world’s first remote controlled ship-to-shore gantry cranes. It is not therefore a major surprise then that when companies in the survey that said they were in the ports and port technology sector were asked if they were “looking to design or sell products for the automation or semi-automation of port operations”, 62% said yes.

SURVEY

Yes

No

185

418


Your company is in Electrical Systems/ Equipment industry?

Electrical Systems


Auxiliary systems

Power systems

Propulsion technology

135

63

56

39


What sector(s) of electrical systems/ equipment your company involved in?

Equipment


Power systems

Auxiliary systems

Propulsion technology

A. Design and sell your own systems/ components

B. As an agent to represent other manufacturers

134

47



Company provide

A

B


No

Yes





16

4

18

7



Own products

A

D

CB


AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT/MACHINERY INDUSTRY


For companies that said they were in the auxiliary

equipment and machinery sector the results were broadly similar for the same question, but with slightly less impact being seen on average. Of respondents 21% said there was no impact, while at the other end of the spectrum 10% chose a rating of 10 for high impact. The overall weighted average for companies in this sector was slightly lower at 4.7.

On the environmental front this year has seen the introduction of 0.1% sulphur limits for fuel burned by ships in North Europe and Baltic Sea areas and North American and Caribbean waters, and in Hong Kong and South China limits are set to be imposed in the near future. To meet these regulations shipowners and managers effectively have three choices – burning more expensive marine gas oil fuel, installing abatement technologies such as sea-water scrubbers or opting for completely new engine types capable of burning clean fuel such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).

ENVIRONMENTAL

Yes

No

174

411


Your company is in Auxiliary Equipment/ Machinery industry?

Electrical Systems

Engines and accessories

Ship operation equipment

Deck and safety equipment

Engines and accessories

Deck and safety equipment

Ship operation equipment

132

53

48


What sector(s) of auxiliary equipment/ machinery your company involved in?

Equipment



124

49



Own products

B

A


No

Yes





23

5

13

8



Environmental

A

D

C

B


PORTS/ PORT TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRYV 17 State of China Shipyard and Marine Equipment Industries | Digital Report 2015

The rapid rise of the ultra-large containership (ULC) of 18,000 teu in capacity and above has created some unique challenges in the

port sector. From the first orders for such vessels – the Maersk Triple-E type - being placed in mid-2011 the total number either in service or on order is now close to 100. More orders from companies such as COSCO expected to follow, giving what are expected to be the first such orders in this size to a Chinese yard. The largest vessels ordered to date will have a capacity of 21,100 teu, a size unthinkable just a few years ago. The challenge for the ports sector is that while the new vessels can be built in around 10 months it takes much longer to upgrade landside infrastructure and port systems to meet the demands of these huge ships. There also issues such as dredging access channels to the required depth. With designs for containerships of up to 24,000 teu in capacity already on the drawing board, and classification society officials believing it is only a matter of time before such vessels are ordered, this is set to create both challenges and opportunities for the port and port equipment sector.

Of respondents in the port equipment sector their involvement split equally between companies in port construction related business and those involved in the provision of transportation and cargo handling systems. For the companies involved the businesses related to port construction, port equipment design supply and dredging there was there was major demand reported in terms of meeting the requirements of handling ULCS

at ports. Asked if they agreed that there was “an increased demand for contracts, designs and equipment to handle ULCs” on a scale of 1 – 10 (1 – strongly disagree/ 10 – strongly agree) some 31% of respondents chose a rating of 10 that they strongly agreed. Underscoring the demand being witnessed in the market, the weighted average of those surveyed was a 7.32 score. Some 9% of respondents said they strongly disagreed that there was increased demand.

With the first vessels in excess of 21,000 teu ordered during the period the survey was undertaken and designs for 24,000 teu capacity already developed this is set to drive further demand but also leads to the question of whether handling equipment currently available in the market is capable of meeting this demand. Somewhat worryingly for the ports sector 55.5% of respondents said they believed the answer to this question was no, while 45.5% answered yes. This, however, does point to future demand for new designs and systems.

PORT

Yes

No

51

520


Your company is in Ports/ Port Technology industry?

Ports

Port constructions

Transportation systems

25

25


What sector(s) of Ports/ port technology your company involved in?

Port constructions

Ports


No

Yes

Transportation systems

China

Southeast Asia

East Asia

Europe

India & Middle East

South America

Africa

North America

32

16

11

11

10

5

5

4


Which country(ies) or region(s) are you seeing most demand from?

Prime movers

China

Southeast Asia

Europe

East Asia Africa

South America

India & Middle East

North America

Yes

No

20

25


If containerships get larger than 20,000 teu can equipment handling sector meet these demand?

Handling sector

Yes

No

28

17


Are you looking either design of sell products to work in fully/semi-automate ports?

Fully

No

Yes

No

Yes


The rapid move by Chinese shipyards to become more involved in the offshore sector in recent years was reflected in the newbuilding

demand reported by survey respondents. Primarily respondents in the offshore business were involved in three areas of the sector. Three-quarters were in offshore vessels related business, 56% in offshore platforms, and 41% in systems and technology. Just 5.5% where involved in the business related to the offshore gas segment.

The majority of companies, some 76% design and sell their own vessels, systems or components. The remaining 24% act as agents representing other manufacturers. For those in the offshore vessels sector the highest demand was seen for Platform Supply Vessels (PSVs) followed by specialised vessels. Demand was then reported for accommodation and subsea vessels, and indicating the extent to which Chinese yards have focused on PSVs the lowest level of demand was for Anchor Handler Towage Supply (AHTS) vessels.

For the smaller number of companies involved in business related to the drilling rig sector the jack-up rig segment was the primary business with 37.5%, again reflecting the fact that in 2013 China overtook Singapore as the world’s largest builder of drilling rigs, a segment where the Southeast Asian city-state had previously held a dominant position. Most other companies were either involved in the drillship sector, 31% or the semi-submersible segment, which accounted for 22%.

While there has been a major shift in offshore

towards the deepwater segment, although this has been to some extent hit by the falling oil price due to the high costs of such projects, a relatively small proportion of respondents businesses, some 23% were in, or had moved into this segment in terms of designs and products. However, a further 31% said they were considering moving into the deepwater and ultra-deepwater arena.

In a sector that is basically dependent on the fortunes of the oil exploration and production businesses the fall of the oil price has certainly had an impact on those with business in offshore. Rated on a scale 1 -10 (1 lowest – no impact, 10 highest – a high level of impact) some 20.5% of respondents gave a rating of 10, the highest level of impact. Overall respondents generally reported a fairly high level of impact with a weighted average 6. However, 13.5% said that the fall in the oil price had had no impact on the oil price.

GAS

OFFSHORE INDUSTRYV120 State of China Shipyard and Marine Equipment Industries | Digital Report 2015

Yes

No

237

323


Your company is in Offshore Industry?

Offshore

Offshore vessels

Systems and technology

Offshore platforms

Offshore natural resources

Offshore vessels

Offshore platforms

Systems and technology

Offshore natural resources

170

128

94

13


What sector(s) of offshore industry your company involved in?

Offshore industry


No Yes



175

54



Company provide

China

Europe

Southeast Asia

India & Middle East

South America

East Asia

North America

Africa

130

88

71

44

41

37

30

27


Which country(ies) or region(s) are you seeing most demand from?

Prime movers

China

Southeast Asia

Europe

India & Middle East

B

A





25

6

12

10



Environmental

Yes

No

Considering

39

78

53


Are you developing designs/products for deepwater and ultra-deepwater exploration and drilling?

Offshore Industry

Considering


Africa

A

D

C

B

East Asia

South America

North America

No

Yes

Yes

No

Answer Choices

171

51

Responses

Is your company in the offshore vessels sector?

Offshore vessels

PSVs

Accommodation vessels

AHTS

Specialised vessel

Subsea vessels


PSVs

Specialised vessel

Accommodation vessels

Subsea vessels

AHTS


95

80

67

57

42

10


What vessel types do you see the most demand for?

Prime movers

Yes

No

33

188


Is your company in the drilling rig sector?

Drilling rig

A. Jack-up rigs

B. Semi-submersibies

C. Drill ships

D. Other (please specify)

12

7

10

3


Where do you see the most demand from?

Demand

A

D

C

B


No

Yes

No

Yes

FUTURE BUSINESS PLANSReferring to the earlier portions of this study, the majority of respondents fell into the category of manufacturers and suppliers (43.69%), ship builder (16.79%), ship repair and maintenance (14.64%), design and research (10.95%), and then further categories of ship owner, offshore platform, agent/whosaler/distributor, importer/export and other categories of 10% or less of response.


PURCHASING CAPACITY AND FUTURE PLANS

FOR MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS

Recommending and influencing

Decision making authority

Research and marketing

Evaluating and testing


46.22

36.89

28.00

25.33

5.33


Purchasing Capacity from Manufacturers and Suppliers derived by

Manufacturers



Research and marketing Other (please specify)


Focusing on the three largest groups of respondents and their purchasing capacity, we see that for manufacturers and suppliers 46.22% of these respondents are involved in recommending and influencing in purchasing capacity, 36.89% have decision making authority, 28% are involved in research and marketing, and 25.33% are involved in evaluating and testing.

China

Europe

Southeast Asia

East Asia

India & Middle East

North America

South America

Africa

76.00

52.89

44.44

29.78

21.78

17.33

14.22

8.89


Which country(ies) or region(s) are most of your customers from?

Country(ies) or region(s)

China

Europe

Southeast Asia

East Asia North America

India & Middle East

Africa

South America

For manufacturers and suppliers we see that their top countries or regions they supply to include China at 76%, Europe 52.89%, and Southeast Asia at 44.44%.


In terms of future plans for manufacturers and suppliers however, we still see China as the dominant target market coming in at first place with 85.33% but then a slight shift and equalizer of the desire for the Southeast Asia market at 36.44% just slightly over Europe at 35.11%.


China

Europe

Southeast Asia

East Asia

India & Middle East

North America

South America

Africa

85.33

36.44

35.11

33.33

19.56

17.78

17.33

9.33


Which country(ies) or region(s) do you see your company focusing on in the future?

China

Europe

Southeast Asia

East Asia North America

India & Middle East

Africa

South America






For ship builder identified respondents we see a comparatively different case in purchasing capacity with compared to manufacturers and suppliers with 70.51% involved in recommending and influencing, 30.77% involved in decision making, 26.92% involved in evaluating and testing, and 23.08% involved in marketing and research.

Europe

China

Southeast Asia

India & Middle East

East Asia

North America

South America

Africa

66.67

51.28

39.74

26.92

21.79

21.79

16.67

6.41




Europe

China

Southeast Asia

India & Middle East North America

East Asia

Africa

South America

Likewise in realms of existing customers and desired future focuses we see large differences compared to manufacturers and suppliers. Ship builder primarily has existing clients consisting of Europe at 66.67%, and China second at 51.28%, and Southeast Asia in third place at 39.74%.

Purchasing Capacity

70.51

30.77

26.92

23.08

3.85







Purchasing Capacity from ship builder derived by


FOR SHIP BUILDER


What is most interesting for ship builder is that we see a significant ship in their future plans to target more of the China market 71.79% over Europe at 50.00% and with Southeast Asia also remaining relatively flat at 39.74%.


China

Europe

Southeast Asia

India & Middle East

South America

East Asia

North America

Africa

71.79

50.00

39.74

26.92

21.79

15.38

12.82

12.82



Europe

China

Southeast Asia

India & Middle East East Asia

South America

Africa

North America






The last segment disclosed with this study is the respondents identified as ship repair and maintenance.

For the group, we a more even authority between recommending and influencing (54.67%) and decision making and authorizing (48%) purchasing capacity compared to either suppliers and manufacturers or ship builder.

Europe

China

Southeast Asia

India & Middle East

East Asia

South America

North America

Africa

61.33

54.67

50.67

30.67

25.33

21.33

16.00

8.00




Europe

China

Southeast Asia

India & Middle East South America

East Asia

Africa

North America

In terms of existing customers for ship repair and maintenance respondents we see a similar pattern of those of ship builders with 61.33% from Europe, 54.67% from China, and a larger group from Southeast Asia of 50.67%.

Purchasing Capacity






54.67

48.00

26.67

25.33

4.00


Purchasing Capacity from ship repair and maintenance derived by


FOR SHIP REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE


In terms of future customer targets for ship repair and maintenance respondents, we see a very different picture than either ship builders or suppliers and manufacturers which this group’s focus gear towards China at 64%, then Southeast Asia at 53.33%, and finally Europe at 48%.


China

Southeast Asia

Europe

India & Middle East

East Asia

South America

Africa

North America

64.00

53.33

48.00

33.33

26.67

26.67

16.00

14.67



China

Southeast Asia

Europe

India & Middle East South America

East Asia

North America

Africa


CONCLUSION SUMMARYChina’s shipyard and marine equipment industries are continuing to adjust to a rapidly changing environment. The fall in the oil price has impacted developments in both the move into offshore and demand for eco-ships, while the full of government led shipyard restructuring in China remains to be seen. However, required developments environmental, technological and infrastructure will continue to drive demand across a variety of sectors, and companies will need to be well placed to respond to these developments.


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201 state of china shipyard and marine...

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