2012 senior external examination biology paper one ... · pdf file2012 senior external...
TRANSCRIPT
2012 Senior External Examination
Biology Tuesday 30 October 2012
Paper One — Question and response book 9 am to 11:40 am
Time allowed
• Perusal time: 10 minutes
• Working time: 2 hours 30 minutes
Examination materials provided
• Paper One — Question and response book
• Notepaper
Equipment allowed
• QSA-approved equipment
• non-programmable calculator
• one A4 sheet of EBI question topic research notes
Directions
Do not write in this book during perusal time.
Paper One has three parts:
• Part A — Cell structure and function
• Part B — Physiology of organisms
• Part C — Organisms and ecosystems
Suggested time allocation
• Part A: 40 minutes
• Part B: 55 minutes
• Part C: 55 minutes
Assessment
Assessment standards are at the end of this book.
After the examination session
The supervisor will collect this book.
Take your research notes when you leave for use in Paper Two.
Supervisor use only
QSA use only
Supervisor’s initials
Marker number
––
Candidate use
Print your candidate number here
Attach barcode here
Number of books used
1 2
Planning space
Part A — Cell structure and function
Questions 1–7 assess Understanding biology (UB) and Investigating biology (IB).
Attempt all questions. Write your responses in the spaces provided.
Suggested time allocation: 40 minutes.
Question 1 (UB)
a. Sketch a plant cell as it would be seen using an optical microscope. Label only the parts that would distinguish it from an animal cell.
b. Describe the function of one of these parts.
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Question 2 (UB)
Compare the processes of osmosis and diffusion.
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2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 1
Question 3 (UB)
Identify the internal structures of chloroplasts. Explain how these structures are involved in light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
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Question 4 (UB)
Draw a diagram to show the arrangement of phospholipids and proteins in a cell membrane. Annotate the diagram (use arrows, text etc.) to show two different methods of transporting substances across the membrane.
2 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Question 5 (UB)
The graph below shows the effect of temperature on the reaction rate of an enzyme.
Link the shape of the graph to the nature of enzyme action.
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4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Temperature (°C)
Rat
e o
f re
acti
on
2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 3
Question 6 (IB)
Radioactive isotopes are unstable atoms that emit particles. They “decay” and may become another element altogether. While they are radioactive the actions of the elements can be accurately tracked in an organism.
The table below shows relevant half-lives (the time taken for half the material to decay) of some common elements.
Critically analyse the data to draw conclusions about which isotopes would be most useful in a study of the light-independent cycle of photosynthesis. Justify your conclusion.
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Question 7 (IB)
The table below shows the surface area and volume for four different-sized potato cubes.
Element Isotope Half-life
CarbonC–11C–14
20.38 minutes5730 years
Hydrogen H–3 12.35 years
NitrogenN–13N–16
9.97 minutes7.13 seconds
Oxygen O–15 122.24 seconds
Sulfur S–35 87.44 days
Potato cubes
Cube size(cm)
Surface area(cm2)
Volume(cm3)
2 24 8
3 54 24
4 96 64
5 150 125
4 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
a. Create a graph that plots the surface area against the volume of each cube.
b. Describe the relationship between surface area and volume.
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c. Explain how this affects the diffusion of substances into and out of a cell.
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End of Part A
2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 5
Part B — Physiology of organisms
Questions 1–5 assess Understanding biology (UB) and Investigating biology (IB).
Question 6 assesses Evaluating biological issues (EBI).
Attempt all questions. Write your responses in the spaces provided.
Suggested time allocation: 55 minutes.
Question 1 (UB)
Explain why it is necessary to maintain a constant internal environment for warm-blooded organisms.
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Question 2 (UB)
An Australian insect found in the desert only produces uric acid as a nitrogenous waste. Link the reason for this type of waste to the environmental conditions.
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Question 3 (UB)
Explain the role of alveoli in changing the gaseous composition of blood.
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6 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Question 4 (UB)
The nicotine in cigarettes raises the metabolic rate within the human body, meaning more energy is burnt. People who smoke cigarettes sometimes give the possibility of gaining weight as a reason to not quit smoking. Smoking, however, has very serious effects on most body systems, particularly the circulatory and respiratory systems.
Clearly establish the interrelationships between a cigarette smoker’s various body systems by describing how they are affected by smoking.
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Part B continues overleaf
2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 7
Question 5 (IB)
Design an experiment to investigate how a cold-blooded organism such as a lizard regulates body temperature. Include:
• a hypothesis
• methodology
• how you would address variables
• suitable controls
• planning for replicate treatments
• the type of data you would collect.
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8 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Question 6 assesses Evaluating biological issues (EBI). Write an extended response below.
Your response MUST refer to biological principles, concepts and ideas.
Plan your response carefully. If you write more than one draft, indicate which is to be marked.
Question 6 (EBI)
On many farms, chickens raised for meat are fed intensively to achieve quicker growth weights. However, this leads to the chickens generating a lot of body heat. It has been found that appetite is reduced when animals are hot, leading to a subsequent loss of body weight. Selective breeding could be used to develop a featherless chicken to overcome these issues.
However, selective breeding is viewed unfavourably by some groups in the community. Evaluate the physiological effects on chickens, such as growth rates, if they were bred to be featherless. Decide whether this practice is worth pursuing.
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2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 9
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End of Part B
10 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Part C — Organisms and ecosystems
Questions 1–5 assess Understanding biology (UB) and Investigating biology (IB).
Question 6 assesses Evaluating biological issues (EBI).
Attempt all questions. Write your responses in the spaces provided.
Suggested time allocation: 55 minutes.
Question 1 (UB)
Use an example to demonstrate the difference between commensalism and mutualism.
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Question 2 (UB)
State whether mainland Australia is a single ecosystem or many. Justify your response by using specific examples.
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Question 3 (UB)
Explain the contribution that legumes make to the Nitrogen Cycle.
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2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 11
Question 4 (UB)
People sometimes remove dead logs and branches from state forests to burn in campfires and wood stoves. Explain how this may eventually lead to long-term changes to the flow of energy and matter in this ecosystem.
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Question 5 (IB)
The graph below is of a predator–prey relationship between two mites.
Interpret the graph and determine which line of abundance represents the predator population and which line is the prey. Refer to population dynamics to explain your reasoning.
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1 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (weeks)
Popula
tion
35 40 45 50 55 60
12 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Question 6 assesses Evaluating biological issues (EBI). Write an extended response below.
Your response MUST refer to biological principles, concepts and ideas.
Plan your response carefully. If you write more than one draft, indicate which is to be marked.
Question 6 (EBI)
The Great Barrier Reef consists of almost 3000 separate reefs and 900 islands which protect 2600 kilometres of Queensland coast from the huge waves and currents of the Pacific Ocean. The relatively calm waters of the Reef provide sheltered passage for more than 2000 ships a year.
Shipping accidents and oil spills in the Great Barrier Reef area have the potential to cause an environmental disaster.
Make a justified and responsible decision about ships containing materials potentially dangerous to Great Barrier Reef ecosystems continuing to travel through its waters.
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2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 13
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End of Part C
End of Paper One
14 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Additional pages for responses (if required)
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Part Question
2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 15
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Part Question
16 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Planning space
2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 17
Planning space
18 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Ass
essm
ent
stan
dar
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fro
m t
he
Bio
log
y S
enio
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xter
nal
Syl
lab
us
2006
Crit
erio
nA
BC
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Und
erst
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biol
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The
cand
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unic
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un
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by:
•mak
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links
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wee
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con
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s, p
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mea
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ful i
nter
rela
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•app
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and
unde
rsta
ndin
g to
a ra
nge
of
com
plex
and
cha
lleng
ing
task
s.
The
cand
idat
e co
mm
unic
ates
un
ders
tand
ing
by:
•exp
lain
ing
idea
s, c
once
pts,
pr
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and
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The
cand
idat
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unic
ates
un
ders
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by:
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g te
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to c
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hips
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The
cand
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te
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d id
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to
con
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stig
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the
ques
tion(
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the
desi
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f the
in
vest
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and
refle
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th
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equa
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f the
dat
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finem
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.
The
cand
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e co
mm
unic
ates
in
vest
igat
ive
proc
esse
s by
:
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The
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2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book 19
(co
nti
nu
ed)
Crit
erio
nA
BC
DE
Eval
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g bi
olog
ical
is
sues
The
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by
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by
:
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valu
atin
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form
atio
n an
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and
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logi
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and
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that
are
rele
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in
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nge
of p
ast a
nd p
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nt
biol
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al c
onte
xts.
The
cand
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mm
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ates
by
:
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-day
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The
cand
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mm
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ates
by
:
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sion
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s bi
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.
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e co
mm
unic
ates
by
rest
atin
g su
pplie
d in
form
atio
n.
20 2012 Biology — Paper One — Question and response book
Acknowledgments
Kennedy, E, Aubusson, P & Hickman, P 2000, Biology on Context: The Spectrum of Life, 3rd edn, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, Vic.
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