2019 2019 Article

That does not sound right: Sounds affect visual ERPs during a piano sight-reading task Franco Delogu (a), Riccardo Brunetti (b), Alberto Inuggi (c), Claudio Campus (d), Claudia Del Gatto (b), Alessandro D’Ausilio (e, f)

a Department of Humanities, Social Sciences, and Communication, College of Arts and Sciences, Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI, USA b Department of Human Sciences, Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy c RBCS – Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Unit, IIT – Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy d U-VIP – Unit for Visually Impaired People, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy e CTNSC – Center for Translational Neurophysiology for Speech and Communication, IIT – Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy f Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

Abstract: Prolonged musical training induces important audio-visuo-motor plastic processes.

However, little is known about how the musicians’ brain resolves multimodal conflicts while preparing for musical action. We run an electroencephalographic (EEG) investigation on how visual processing for action (score reading) is affected by preceding task-irrelevant piano sounds, usually associated to the same or to a different action. Presentation of an incongruent sound, 100 msec before a musical score with one single note, reduces Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) associated to score reading (N170) localised in the right temporo-parietal junction, as well as ERPs associated to conflict strength (N2) localised in the anterior cingulate cortex, superior and inferior right frontal cortex. These results suggest that listening to task-irrelevant auditory action effects (musical notes) interferes with both higher-order visual and frontal conflict monitoring processes. We conclude that, in the musicians’ brain, the automatic translation of musical sounds into motor plans, spread its effects to visually specific processing as well as strategic and amodal action monitoring mechanisms. Keywords: Sensorimotor transformation, Music performance, EEG, Score reading, Audio-Visuo-Motor Processes Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166432818313536#! 2019 Article

The Role of Attachment Trauma and Disintegrative Pathogenic Processes in the Traumatic-Dissociative Dimension. Farina B1,2, Liotti M3, Imperatori C1. 1Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 2Traumatic Treatment Unit, Centro Clinico De Sanctis, Rome, Italy.

3Italian School of Clinical Cognitivism, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Epidemiological, clinical, and neurobiological studies of the last 30 years suggest that

traumatic attachments during the early years of life are associated to specific psychopathological vulnerabilities based on dissociative pathogenic processes. It has been observed that the dissociative pathogenic processes caused by these traumatic attachments either may contribute to the genesis of well-defined mental disorders (e.g., dissociative disorders) or may variably occur in many other diagnostic categories, complicating their clinical pictures and worsening their prognosis. For this reason, we proposed to define the dimension of psychopathological outcomes linked to traumatic attachments and dissociative pathogenic processes as the "traumatic-dissociative" dimension (TDD). The clinical complexity of the TDD requires specific training to enable mental health professionals to recognize the signs of traumatic developments and to implement specific treatment strategies. The present article aims to review some crucial points about the clinical meaning and treatment strategies of the TDD, the dissociative pathogenic processes characterizing the TDD, as well as of the role of attachment trauma in the TDD. We also focused on the clinical and theoretical evidence suggesting that dissociation and dis-integration may be considered two different processes but highly correlated. The usefulness of clinical reasoning in terms of psychopathological dimensions, instead of distinct diagnostic categories, as well as several therapeutic implications of these issues was finally discussed. Keywords: complex PTSD; developmental trauma; dissociation; emotional dysregulation; traumatic attachment; traumatic-dissociative dimension Links https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00933/full 2019 Article

Default mode network alterations in individuals with high-trait-anxiety: An EEG functional connectivity study Claudio Imperatori (a), Benedetto Farina (a), Mauro Adenzato (b), Enrico Maria Valenti (a, c), Cristina Murgia (a), Giacomo Della Marca (d), Riccardo Brunetti (a), Elena Fontana (b), Rita B. Ardito (e)

a Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy b Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy c Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy d Sleep Disorders Unit, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy e Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

Abstract: Background Although several researches investigated Default Mode Network (DMN) alterations in individuals with anxiety disorders, up to now no studies have investigated DMN functional connectivity in non-clinical individuals with high-trait-anxiety using quantitative electroencephalography (EEG). Here, the main aim was to extend previous findings investigating the association between trait anxiety and DMN EEG functional connectivity.

Methods: Twenty-three individuals with high-trait-anxiety and twenty-four controls were enrolled. EEG was recorded during 5 min of resting state (RS). EEG analyses were conducted by means of the exact Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography software (eLORETA). Results: Compared to controls, individuals with high-trait-anxiety showed a decrease of theta connectivity between right medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and right posterior cingulate/retrosplenial cortex. A decrease of beta connectivity was also observed between right mPFC and right anterior cingulate cortex. Furthermore, DMN functional connectivity strength was negatively related with STAI-T total score (i.e., lower connectivity was associated with higher trait anxiety), even when controlling for potential confounding variables (i.e., sex, age, and general psychopathology).

Limitations: Small sample size makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. Furthermore, we did not assess state variation of anxiety, which make our interpretation specific to trait anxiety.

Conclusions: Taken together, our results suggest that high-trait-anxiety individuals fail to synchronize DMN during RS, reflecting a possible top-down cognitive control deficit. These results may help in the understanding of the individual differences in functional brain networks associated with trait anxiety, a crucial aim in the prevention and in the early etiology understanding of clinical anxiety and related sequelae. Keywords: Default mode network, EEG functional connectivity, eLORETA, Psychopathology, Trait anxiety Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032718321761 2019 Article

A bidimensional measure of empathy: Empathic Experience Scale. Innamorati M.1 , Ebisch, S. J. H., Gallese, V., Saggino, A.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Empathy is a key notion in the study of sociality. A phenomenological perspective on

empathy as intersubjective understanding offers a common ground for multiple dimensions. Corresponding to the dichotomy between perceptual and cognitive levels, two constructs can be distinguished: vicariously experiencing and intuitively understanding others’ emotions. We developed and validated a new questionnaire for the assessment of individual differences in empathy. In a first study (N = 921), we created a questionnaire measuring empathy consisting of a pool of 75 items. Exploratory factor analysis suggested to retain two factors (“Intuitive Understanding” and “Vicarious Experience”), whereas a 30-item version of the questionnaire had satisfactory psychometric properties. In a second study (N = 504), we administered the 30-items questionnaire and several concurrent/divergent measures. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a two-factor structure best represented its latent factor structure. The results show that our questionnaire could be considered a reliable and valid measure of empathy with internal consistencies of 0.93 and 0.95 for Vicarious Experience and Intuitive Intuitive Understanding, respectively. Whereas our questionnaire mostly showed the expected convergence with existing scales of empathy, the correlations also suggest that it adds valuable new information to the

assessment of empathy. The two-factor structure suggests that the perceptual (vicarious) experience and the basic (non-effortful) cognitive awareness of others’ emotions can be assessed as distinct constructs. This bidimensional structure that distinguishes between the perceptual experience and the basic cognitive awareness of others’ emotional states connects theoretical, empirical, and clinical data from psychology and neuroscience. Keywords: N.A. Link https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0216164 2019 Article

Abnormal EEG Power Spectra in Acute Transient Global Amnesia: A Quantitative EEG Study. Imperatori C1, Farina B1, Todini F1, Di Blasi C2, Mazzucchi E3, Brunetti V2, Della Marca G2.

1Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 2Sleep Disorders Unit, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy. 3 Institute of Neurosurgery, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by retrograde

and anterograde amnesia without other neurological deficits. Although electroencephalography (EEG) methods are commonly used in both clinical and research setting with TGA patients, few studies have investigated neurophysiological pattern in TGA using quantitative EEG (qEEG). The main aim of the present study was to extend these previous findings by exploring EEG power spectra differences between patients with acute TGA and healthy controls using the exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography software (eLORETA). EEG was recorded during 5 minutes of resting state. Sixteen patients (mean age: 66.81 ± 7.94 years) during acute TGA and 16 healthy subjects were enrolled. All patients showed hippocampal or parahippocampal signal abnormalities in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging performed from 2 to 5 days after the onset of TGA. Compared with healthy controls, TGA patients showed a decrease of theta power localized in the temporal lobe (Brodmann areas, BAs 21-22-38) and frontal lobe (BAs 8-9-44-45). A decrease of EEG beta power in the bilateral precuneus (BA 7) and in the bilateral postcentral gyrus (BAs 3-4-5) was also observed in TGA individuals. Taken together, our results could reflect the neurophysiological substrate of the severe impairment of both episodic memory and autobiographical memory which affect TGA patients during the acute phase. KEYWORDS: EEG power spectra; MRI; diffusion-weighted imaging; eLORETA; quantitative EEG; transient global amnesia Link https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1550059418780780?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3Dpubmed

2019 Article

Associations between mindfulness and emotion regulation: the key roles of describing and nonreactivity

Luca Iani1, Marco Lauriola2, Alberto Chiesa3,4, Valentina Cafaro1

1 Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy 2 Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome ‘Sapienza’, Rome, Italy 3 Istituto Mente Corpo, Bologna, Italy 4 Association of Cognitive Psychology, School of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Although it has been shown that mindfulness and emotion regulation are related, the

nature of the relationship and the underlying processes are still not fully understood. The present study explored the relationship between mindfulness and emotion regulation at the facet level using both bivariate correlation analysis and canonical correlation analysis. A total of 211 adults (mean age = 56.4 years, SD = 15.3; 72.0% females) completed the short forms of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and the Heidelberg Questionnaire for the Assessment of Emotion Regulation Strategies. Three relationship clusters emerged between mindfulness facets and emotion regulation strategies: (1) a mindful emotion regulation cluster in which describing and nonreactivity were positively related with reappraisal and acceptance; (2) a suppression and nonreactivity cluster in which describing and nonreactivity were negatively and positively associated with both suppression of emotional expression and suppression of emotional experience, respectively; and (3) a negative self-monitoring cluster in which observing and nonjudging were positively and negatively related to rumination, respectively. These results suggest potential pathways through which mindfulness-based interventions might improve emotion regulation. Keywords: Mindfulness, Emotion regulation, Canonical correlation analysis, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, Mindful emotion regulation Link https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12671-018-0981-5 2019 Article

Relations of mindfulness facets and psychological symptoms among individuals with a diagnosis of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder Fabrizio Didonna1,2, Roberta Rossi3, Clarissa Ferrari4, Luca Iani5, Laura Pedrini3, Nicoletta Rossi1, Erica Xodo2, Mariangela Lanfredi3

1 Unit for OCD, Department of Psychiatry, Villa Margherita Private Hospital, Vicenza, Italy 2 Italian Institute for Mindfulness, Vicenza, Italy 3 Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy 4 Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy 5 Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Objectives. To explore differences in mindfulness facets among patients with a diagnosis

of either obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), or borderline personality disorder (BPD), and healthy controls (HC), and their associations with clinical features. Design and method. One hundred and fifty-three patients and 50 HC underwent a clinical

assessment including measures of mindfulness (Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire – FFMQ), psychopathological symptoms (Symptom Check List-90-R), dissociation (Dissociative Experience Scale), alexithymia (Alexithymia Scale 20), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed to assess differences in mindfulness scores and their associations with clinical features. Results. The three diagnostic groups scored lower on all mindfulness facets (apart from FFMQ observing) compared to the HC group. OCD group had a significant higher FFMQ total score (FFMQ-TS) and FFMQ acting with awareness compared to the BPD group, and scored higher on FFMQ describing compared to BPD and MDD groups. The scores in nonjudging facet were significantly lower in all the three diagnostic groups compared to the HC group. Interestingly, higher FFMQ-TS was inversely related to all psychological measures, regardless of diagnostic group. Conclusions. Deficits in mindfulness skills were present in all diagnostic groups. Furthermore, we found disease-specific relationships between some mindfulness facets and specific psychological variables. Clinical implications are discussed. Keywords: N.A. Link https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/papt.12180 2019 Article

Promoting post-traumatic growth in cancer patients: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of guided written disclosure Valentina Cafaro1, Luca Iani1, Massimo Costantini2, Silvia Di Leo2

1 Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy

2 Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Italy

Abstract: This multicenter study investigates the efficacy of the guided disclosure protocol in

promoting post-traumatic growth, through meaning reconstruction, in cancer patients after adjuvant chemotherapy. Participants will be randomized to guided disclosure protocol or to an active control condition. Both conditions consist of three 20-minute writing sessions. Experimental participants verbalize emotions, describe events, and reflect on trauma effects. Control participants write about their past week’s daily routine. Patients, blinded to treatment assignment, will complete questionnaires at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up. This study will improve knowledge concerning the effects of writing interventions on psychological health and well-being in cancer patients. Keywords: cancer, guided disclosure protocol, meaning, post-traumatic growth, randomized controlled trial, writing intervention Link https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1359105316676332 2019 Article

La percezione degli operatori sanitari sulle cure palliative come mezzo per

promuovere la qualità di vita dei pazienti e prevenire le richieste eutanasiche / Healthcare workers’ perception of palliative care as a means to foster patients’ quality of life and to prevent euthanasia requests. Authors: Konstantinos Mastorakis1, Massimo Continisio2, Maria Francesca Siotto3, Luca Navarini4,

Franco Carnevale5, Mary Ellen Mac Donald6, Claudia Navarini7

1David McCutcheon Postdoctoral Fellow in Pediatric Palliative Care, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, Canada 2School of Psychological Sciences and Techniques, Human Sciences Department, European University of Rome, Italy. 3Clinical Psychologist, Italy 4Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy 5 Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montreal, Canada 6Division of Oral Health and Society, Faculty of Dentistry, Program Head, Pediatric Palliative Care Research, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Canada 7Human Sciences Department, European University of Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Nel 2010 è stata emanata in Italia la Legge 38, che punta a migliorare formazione e

tirocini nel campo delle cure palliative, sebbene al momento non esista un sistema nazionale di monitoraggio di tali pratiche su scala nazionale. A livello internazionale l’eutanasia si è andata sempre più configurando come trattamento possibile fra le cure di fine vita, mentre in Italia resta formalmente illegale. Esistono alcuni studi italiani sulle prospettive dei pazienti rispetto alle cure palliative e all’eutanasia, ma la letteratura relativa alla percezione degli operatori sanitari palliativisti è esigua. Scopo del presente studio è l’indagine di tali percezioni, sia rispetto alla qualità delle cure palliative sia al potenziale ruolo dell’eutanasia nelle cure di fine vita in Italia. La ricerca è stata condotta in tre hospice romani. È stato sviluppato e somministrato un questionario con 75 item graduati secondo la scala Likert a 5 punti, utilizzando come metodi di analisi l’analisi fattoriale e, per la parte statistica, SPSS. Il questionario è stato completato da 56 soggetti. Nella percezione dei partecipanti, i fattori rilevanti per la qualità delle cure palliative sono risultati sette: sofferenza fisica e sociale, benessere psicologico e spirituale, benessere emozionale, partecipazione alle decisioni, compassione, speranza ed empatia. Inoltre, le cure palliative ridurrebbero il desiderio di morte e di eutanasia. I fattori più importanti che emergono dal lavoro sono la sofferenza o il benessere sociali, fisici e psicologici. Gli operatori sanitari coinvolti nello studio non sostengono l’ipotesi dell’eutanasia e anzi ritengono che le cure palliative riducano il desiderio di ottenerla. ---------- In 2010, the State Law no 38 was enacted in Italy, seeking to improve palliative care education and training. There is currently no national monitoring system for palliative care practices in Italy. Euthanasia has become increasingly available internationally as an alternative amidst end-of-life care options, although in Italy this is not the case, and it is formally illegal. Although there are a few studies regarding patients’ perspectives regarding the issue of palliative care and euthanasia in Italy, there is limited literature focused on the perspectives of palliative care health care professionals. The purpose of this study is to explore the perspectives of hospice workers regarding both the quality of palliative care and the potential role of euthanasia in end-of-life care in Italy. This research was conducted with hospice clinicians in three hospices in Rome. A 75 item 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was developed and administered. Factor analysis was used, and descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS. Fifty-six respondents completed the questionnaire. From participants’

perspectives, there are seven significant factors explaining the quality of palliative care in Italy: social and physical suffering, psychological and spiritual well-being, emotional well-being, participation in decision making, compassion, hope, and empathy in care, while reducing patients’ desire for death and euthanasia. The most important of these factors regard social, physical and psychological suffering and well-being. Hospice workers in this study did not support euthanasia and felt that palliative care decreases the patient’s desire for euthanasia. Keywords: operatori sanitari, cure palliative, qualità della vita dei pazienti, prevenzione richieste eutanasiche - Healthcare workers, palliative care, patient’s quality life, prevent euthanasia requests Link https://www.medicinaemorale.it/index.php/mem/article/view/565 2019 Article

Work-related stress in the Italian banking population and its association with recovery experience

Author: Gabriele Giorgi 1, Giulio Arcangeli 2, Antonio Ariza-Montes 3,4 , Venerando Rapisarda 5, Nicola Mucci 2

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

2University of Florence, Florence, Italy (Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine)

3University Loyola Andalucía, Cordoba, Spain (Department of Management)

4Autonomous University of Chile, Santiago, Chile (Department of Business Administration)

5University of Catania, Catania, Italy (Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine)

Abstract: Objectives: Over the past decade, there has been a markedly growing interest in issues

involving work-related stress in Europe. In Italy, according to Eurofound, research has demonstrated high levels of stress in the banking sector. With this in mind, a study was conducted to evaluate the peculiarities of hindrance and challenge stressors, and their links with recovery in the Italian banking population. Material and Methods: The health and safety managers of a major Italian banking group were contacted and invited to participate in a stress assessment procedure, not only for research purposes but also to help them fulfill their obligations with regard to work-related stress. In total, 6588 bank workers took part in the study (57.5% males and 42.5% females) in 2012–2018. Work-related stress was measured with the Stress Questionnaire (SQ) that assesses several psychosocial working variables. Recovery was measured using a scale based on the SQ. The analysis and tabulation of the study results were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The results have demonstrated that female respondents lack more job control and colleagues’ support as compared to male respondents. Employees aged > 50 lack their supervisors’ support while employees with the shortest job seniority experience the greatest role ambiguity, as well as the lack of job control and colleagues’ support. The results of hierarchical regression analysis have demonstrated that the lack of colleagues and supervisors’ support, as well as job demands and job control, contribute to explaining the recovery experience. The greatest contribution to the explained variance could be attributed to job demands and the lack of colleagues’ support. Conclusions: This study has demonstrated an important contribution of the so-called traditional

stressors to predicting recovery for the banking population in Italy. These findings suggest that banks should adopt corporate policies containing activities for the prevention of and protection against stress, with a more general objective of improving the mental health of their workers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019; 32(2):255–65

Keywords: workplace, occupational stress, occupational medicine, risk assessment, banking ,job demand-control model

Link: http://ijomeh.eu/Work-related-stress-in-the-Italian-banking-population-and-its-association-with-recovery,94031,0,2.html

2019 Article

Work-related stress in the banking sector: a study on an Italian aged population of over 2,000 worker

Authors: Gabriele Giorgi 1, Antonio Ariza Montes 2, Venerando Rapisarda 3, Marcello Campagna 3, Giacomo Garzaro 4, Giulio Arcangeli 5, Nicola Mucci 5.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

2 Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Córdoba, Spain

3 Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

4Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

5University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Abstract: Introduction: In the European Union, the employment rate for the population in the age

group 55-64 years has greatly increased in the last two decades. Companies, especially in sectors such as banking, are looking for new strategies to improve the productivity of workers in this age group. Objectives: This study was conceived with the purpose of exploring the associations between job characteristics that could influence stress and certain organizational aspects in a large population of banking workers. Methods: More than 2,000 workers over 50 years of age of an Italian banking group participated in the study. Work-related stress was measured with the Stress Questionnaire (SQ). Organizational aspects of work were measured with a dedicated scale included in the SQ. Demographic aspects were detected by specific questions. Structural equation modelling was used and correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: The results from the structural equation modeling supported the theoretical model. Organizational policies are associated with both stress correlated factors (β=0.468) and perceptions of supervisor support and social support (β=0.710). The perception of both parameters is associated with stress outcomes (β=0.365). The proposed model offered better results than a competitive model, on which a total mediation was tested, rather than a partial one (p<0.001). Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of an integrated assessment of the effects of organizational aspects of work and stress factors to

implement the protection of physical and mental health. Further research will help to understand more thoroughly if the issues emerged are effectively related to age. This can be assessed through a case-control study that also includes younger workers.

Keywords: Stress lavoro-correlato, Invecchiamento, Settore bancario, Work-related stress, Ageing, Banking sector

Link: https://www.mattioli1885journals.com/index.php/lamedicinadellavoro/article/view/7125

2019 Article

The Working Environment as a Platform for the Promotion of Active Aging: An Italian Overview

Nicola Mucci 1 , Eleonora Tommasi 1, Gabriele Giorgi 2, Giulio Taddei 1, Veronica Traversini 1, Massimo Fioriti 1, Giulio Arcangeli 1

1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy

2 Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Roma, Italy

Abstract: European data confirm a gradual and constant aging of the population. The reduction of

risk factors for chronic diseases and the improvement of health care have increased life expectancy in general. In January 2018, Italy recorded a mean age of 45.2 years (two tenths more than 2017). “The 2018 Ageing Report”, an economic paper of the European Community, predicts that the European Union would go from having 3.3 working-age people for every person aged over 65 years to only two working-age persons. If this happens, welfare systems would no longer be able to cope up with health and pensions. It is important to offer people the tools to get old better. The World Health Organization defines active aging as the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation and security to enhance quality of life as people age. The working environment is the perfect platform for the promotion of policies aimed at maintaining the psychophysical abilities of the elderly worker. The Finnish Institute of Occupational Health recently proposed the Work Ability Model to understand and manage wellbeing in the workplace. This scheme suggests a multilevel action to guarantee the elderly worker an optimal stay in the workplace. An active aging promotion program and an adequate risk-assessment can reduce injury risk, increase productivity and health benefits for elderly workers.

Keywords: Aged, aging, Health promotion, Healthy aging, Occupational health, Retirement, Risk assessment, Workplace.

Link: https://benthamopen.com/ABSTRACT/TOPSYJ-12-20

2019 Article

Decent Work as a Necessary Condition for Sustainable Well-Being. A Tale of Pi(i)gs and Farmers

Authors: Antonio Ariza-Montes 1, 2, Gabriele Giorgi 3, Felipe Hernández-Perlines 4 and Javier Fiz-Perez 3,1,

1 Department of Management, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Córdoba, Spain

2 Facultad de Administración y Negocios, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile

3 Department of Human Sciences, Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy

4 Department of Business Administration, University of Castilla-La Mancha,Toledo, Spain

Abstract: This article analyzes with a holistic and systematic approach the state of working

conditions in the European labor market after the crisis, as well as their effects on worker well-being. For this, a distinction will be made between the southern countries most affected, namely Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece, and Spain (Piigs), and the northern countries that are, a priori, less damaged by the crisis (Farmers). The samples integrate 7867 workers from the five Piigs countries (36.2%) and 13,894 from the 10 Farmers countries (63.8%). The results have broadly confirmed the research purposes and they established that ensuring well-being is the key to sustainability, growth, and success for workers, groups, and organizations. Sustainability 2019, 11(4), 1051

Keywords: sustainability; job quality; well-being; work intensity; social environment

Link: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/4/1051

2019 Article

Work Engagement and Flourishing at Work Among Nuns: The Moderating Role of Human Values

Antonio Ariza-Montes1,2, Horacio Molina-Sánchez 1, Jesús Ramirez-Sobrino 1 and Gabriele Giorgi 3

1Department of Management, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain

2Department of Business Administration, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile

3Department of Psychology, Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Faith-based organizations are a key player in major sectors of activity for maintaining the

welfare state, including health, education, and social services. This paper uses a multivariate regression model in an attempt to identify the factors that affect the relationship between work engagement and flourishing. The paper also discusses the empirical research gap that has been identified in the literature about the moderated effect of human values on this relationship. This study is based on a sample of 142 nuns of a congregation belonging to a religious organization with an international scope and a Catholic inspiration. The case of religious women who have chosen to live a life consistent with the charism of the congregation constitutes a paradigmatic and unique environment to investigate the potential alignment of personal values with professional activity. This work unveils two main findings. First, the more engaged nuns are in their work (social action to serve the poorest and most disadvantaged people), the more they flourish in their working environment and in their personal lives. Second, Schwartz’s values reinforce the relationship between the professional role (work engagement) and the personal role (flourishing at work). In conclusion, flourishing at work could be improved through work engagement and this relationship is moderated by human values. These results add insights to better know the relationship among life and work domains.

Keywords: work engagement, flourishing, human values, nuns, faith-based organizations

2019 Article

Migrant Workers and Physical Health: an Umbrella Review

Nicola Mucci1 ,Veronica Traversini 1 ,Gabriele Giorgi 2 ,Giacomo Garzaro 3 ,Javier Fiz-Perez 2, Marcello Campagna 4 ,Venerando Rapisarda 5 ,Eleonora Tommasi 1,Manfredi Montalti 1 and Giulio Arcangeli 1

1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

2 Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy

3 Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy

4 Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

5 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

Abstract: Migrants are mainly employed in "3D Jobs" dirty, dangerous, difficult, characterized by

monotony, intense rhythms, in sectors at higher risk as construction, heavy industry, agriculture. Aim of this study is to elaborate a systematic review, in order to identify the main occupational risks and occupational diseases of this category. Research included articles published from 2013 to 2018 on the major online databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus), using a combination of some keywords (migrant workers, expatriates, physical health, diseases, illnesses, travel, travelers, work and occupational). The online search indicated 1.109 references. We excluded 977 studies, because unrelated to physical health and 64 due to duplication. They were analyzed 68 articles, including 6 reviews and 62 original article. The main risk emerged are to developing infectious diseases, metabolic cardiovascular diseases and to manifesting a lower quality of life, in particular due to difficulties in accessing local health services. It will be crucial to implement the role of

occupational medicine in order to introduce multilevel interventions designed to prevent work-related injuries and illnesses and to promote healthier working environments.

Keywords: migrant workers; expatriates; workplace; physical health; umbrella review; organizational psychology; occupational health

Link: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/1/232

2018 2018 Article

Mindfulness as a process: The contribution of MPQ to positive psychology

Anna Contardi1, Rebecca Honorati1, Giulia Bartolomeo1, Luigia Palmiero1, Massimo Continisio1, Gabriele Giorgi1

1Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to explore the factorial structure of an Italian version of the Mindfulness Process Questionnaire (MPQ) in a sample of workers. The MPQ and the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were administered to 328 adults (194 males and 134 females), aged between 26 and 60 years old (M = 45.30; SD = 8.65). The analyses supported a one-factor structure for the MPQ, and good internal consistency. In regard to the discriminant validity of the MPQ our results suggest substantial differences in the definitions of mindfulness used in the MAAS and the MPQ and seem to suggest how the two instruments assess diverse and independent aspects, each leading back to the mindfulness construct. Further investigations are required in order to investigate other aspects of validity and reliability of the MPQ. The MPQ could reveal itself to be a valid instrument capable both of contributing to the operational definition of the mindfulness construct and of assessing the process of awareness related to the ability of mindfulness in the workplace.

Keywords: Mindfulness, Process of awareness, Measurement, Factor validity, Mindfulness workplace assessment

2018 Article

Are crossmodal correspondences relative or absolute? Sequential effects on speeded classification

Riccardo Brunetti(1), Allegra Indraccolo(1), Claudia Del Gatto(1), Charles Spence (2), Valerio Santangelo (3, 4)

1. Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Sciences Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy 2. Department of Experimental Psychology Oxford University Oxford UK 3. Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences & Education University of Perugia, Perugia Italy 4. Neuroimaging Laboratory Santa Lucia Foundation Rome, Italy

Abstract: Crossmodal correspondences have often been demonstrated using congruency effects

between pairs of stimuli in different sensory modalities that vary along separate dimensions. To date, however, it is still unclear the extent to which these correspondences are relative versus absolute in nature: that is, whether they result from pre-defined values that rigidly link the two dimensions or rather result from flexible values related to the previous occurrence of the crossmodal stimuli. Here, we investigated this issue in a speeded classification task featuring the correspondence between auditory pitch and visual size (e.g., congruent correspondence between high pitch/small disc and low pitch/large disc). Participants classified the size of the visual stimuli (large vs. small) while hearing concurrent high- or low-pitched task-irrelevant sounds. On some trials, visual stimuli were paired instead with “intermediate” pitch, that could be interpreted differently according to the auditory stimulus on the preceding trial (i.e., as “lower” following the presentation of a high pitch tone, but as “higher” following the presentation of a low pitch tone). Performance on sequence-congruent trials (e.g., when a small disc paired with the intermediate-pitched tone was preceded by a low pitch tone) was compared to sequence-incongruent trials (e.g., when a small disc paired with the intermediate-pitch tone was by a high-pitched tone). The results revealed faster classification responses on sequence-congruent than on sequence-incongruent trials. This demonstrates that the effect of the pitch/size correspondence is relative in nature, and subjected to trial-by-trial interpretation of the stimulus pair. Keywords: Crossmodal correspondences, Auditory pitch, Visual size, Speeded classification task, Congruency effect, Contextual modulation Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13414-017-1445-z 2018 Article

Cooperation in psychotherapy increases metacognitive abilities: a single-case

study. Monticelli F1, Imperatori C2, Carcione A3, Pedone R4, Farina B2,5 1De Sanctis Clinical Centre, Rome, Italy - Scuola Italiana di Cognitivismo Clinico (SICC), Rome, Italy. 2Department of Human Sciences, Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy. 3Scuola Italiana di Cognitivismo Clinico (SICC), Rome, Italy 4Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli (UCLV), Caserta, Italy. 5De Sanctis Clinical Centre, Rome, Italy

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Both clinical observations and empirical data suggest that the ability to

think about the mental states of themselves and others (i.e., metacognition) is a crucial factor strongly associated to the outcome of individual psychotherapies. Although it has been hypothesized that the activation of cooperation between patient and psychotherapist within psychotherapy sessions may increase metacognitive abilities, few data is still available to support this hypothesis. METHODS: We explore the association between cooperation of patient and psychotherapist and the modifications of metacognition abilities along five sessions of a patient with a personality

disorder using the Assessing Interpersonal Motivations in Transcripts method (AIMIT) and the Metacognition Assessment Scale (MAS). RESULTS: Our data showed that the activation of cooperation was positively associated with both the MAS total scores and all MAS sub-scales. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that the activation of the cooperation within therapeutic relationship can increase patient's metacognition and its subsystem (e.g. self-monitoring). KEYWORDS: interpersonal motivational systems, metacognition, AIMIT, evolutionary psychotherapy, cooperation. Link http://www.rivistadipsichiatria.it/articoli.php?archivio=yes&vol_id=3084&id=30768 2018 Article

Did I see your hand moving? The effect of movement-related information on the Corsi block tapping task

Riccardo Brunetti (1), Claudia Del Gatto (1), Clarissa Cavallina (2), Benedetto Farina (1), Franco Delogu (3)

1.Department of Human Science, European University of Rome Rome, Italy 2.Department of Human and Educational Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 3.College of Arts and Sciences, Lawrence Technological University, Detroit, USA

Abstract: The Corsi Block Tapping Task is a widespread test used to assess spatial working memory.

Previous research hypothesized that the discrepancy found in some cases between the traditional and the digital (touchscreen) version of the Corsi block tapping task may be due to a direct motor resonance between the experimenter’s and the participant’s hand movements. However, we hypothesize that this discrepancy might be due to extra movement-related information included in the traditional version, lacking in the digital one. We investigated the effects of such task-irrelevant information using eCorsi, a touchscreen version of the task. In Experiment 1, we manipulate timing in sequence presentation, creating three conditions. In the Congruent condition, the inter-stimulus intervals reflected the physical distance in which the stimuli were spatially placed: The longer the spatial distance, the longer the temporal interval. In the Incongruent condition the timing changed randomly. Finally, in the Isochronous condition every stimulus appeared after a fixed interval, independently from its spatial position. The results showed a performance enhancement in the Congruent condition, suggesting an incidental spatio-temporal binding. In Experiment 2, we added straight lines between each location in the sequences: In the Trajectories condition participants saw trajectories from one spatial position to the other during sequence presentation, while a condition without such trajectories served as control. Results showed better performances in the Trajectories condition. We suggest that the timing and trajectories information play a significant role in the discrepancies found between the traditional and the touchscreen version of the Corsi Block Tapping Task, without the necessity of explanations involving direct motor resonance (e.g. seeing an actual hand moving) as a causal factor.

Keywords: N.A. Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00426-016-0834-6 2018 Article

Preliminary Validation of the Italian Night Eating Questionnaire (I-NEQ-16): Item analysis and factor structure

Innamorati M. 1, Imperatori C. 1, Lester D., Fabbricatore M. 1, Gaudini L. 1, Contardi A. 1, Balsamo M.1

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Night eating syndrome (NES) severity is usually assessed with the Night Eating

Questionnaire (NEQ). Although the most common version of the NEQ is composed of 14 items (NEQ-

14), two additional items measuring distress associated with the night eating have been proposed,

but they have never been included in past psychometric studies. The aim of the present study was

to create an Italian version of the NEQ-16 (I-NEQ-16), with the inclusion of the proposed items for

assessing the distress associated with night eating. A major objective of the study was to propose a

unidimensional version of the I-NEQ-16 and investigate its psychometric properties. 482 Italian

adults (380 women and 102 men; mean age = 25.5, SD = 10.9 years old) were administered the

Italian versions of the NEQ, the Night Eating Diagnostic Questionnaire (NEDQ), and questionnaires

measuring binge eating, emotional and external eating, diurnal chronotype, insomnia, and anxiety

and depression severity. In order to improve the unidimensionality of the I-NEQ-16, we removed

from further analyses items 1, 4, and 7, because they increased the heterogeneity of the measure.

Confirmatory factor analysis, indicated the fit of a modified one-factor model, allowing correlated

errors between three pairs of items. I-NEQ-16 scores were significantly associated with all

concurrent questionnaire scores and were able to categorize individuals according to their diagnosis

of NES according to the NEDQ. Thus, the I-NEQ-16 is a valid measure that is potentially useful for

investigating correlates of night eating in the general population.

Keywords: N.A.

Link https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02628/full

2018 Article

Psychometric properties of the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0 in an

Italian non-clinical sample

Imperatori C.1, Fabbricatore M. 1, Lester D., Manzoni G. M., Castelnuovo G., Raimondi G.1,

Innamorati M. 1

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Purpose: To assess the dimensionality and psychometric properties of the modified Yale

Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0) in an Italian non-clinical sample. Methods: 262 adults (184

women) were administered the Italian versions of the mYFAS 2.0, and questionnaires measuring

binge eating severity, anxiety and depression symptoms, and emotional dysregulation. Results: 15

individuals (5.7%) met the criteria for a diagnosis of food addiction according to the mYFAS 2.0.

Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis supported a single-factor solution for the mYFAS 2.0. The

mYFAS 2.0 had good internal consistency (Ordinal α = 0.91), and convergent validity with binge

eating severity (r = 0.67, p < 0.001), both anxiety (r = 0.31, p < 0.001) and depressive (r = 0.35,

p < 0.001) symptoms, and difficulties in emotion regulation (r = 0.35, p < 0.001). Finally, both

discriminant validity with dietary restraint (Gamma = 0.11; p = 0.52) and incremental validity in

predicting binge eating severity over emotion dysregulation and psychopathology (b = 0.52;

t = 11.11; p < 0.001) were confirmed. Conclusions: The Italian mYFAS 2.0 has satisfactory

psychometric properties and can be used as a brief instrument for the assessment of addictive

eating behaviors when time constraints prevent the use of the original version.

Keywords: Food addiction, mYFAS 2.0, Binge eating, Psychopathology, BMI, Bayesian confirmatory

factor analysis.

Link https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-018-0607-x

2018 Article

Suicidal ideation, perceived disability, hopelessness and affective temperaments in

patients affected by Parkinson's disease

Berardelli I., Belvisi D., Corigliano V., Costanzo M., Innamorati M.1, Fabbrini G., Berardelli A., Pompili

M.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Background: Previous studies investigating the risk of suicide in patients with Parkinson's

disease (PD) have reported conflicting results. This study evaluated suicide risk in PD and

investigated the relationship between suicide risk and perceived disability, hopelessness and

affective temperaments in PD. Methods: One‐hundred and twenty PD patients were consecutively

enrolled. The diagnosis of PD was based on clinical criteria. All patients underwent a psychiatric

evaluation that included the administration of the Columbia‐Suicide Severity Rating Scale, the Italian

Perceived Disability Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Inventory and the TEMPS‐A questionnaire. The

results were compared with those of a control group of 91 patients affected by another chronic

disease, ie, open angle glaucoma. Results: Parkinson's disease patients had higher suicidal ideation,

higher perceived disability and lower hyperthymia than the control group. In PD, higher perceived

disability was associated with higher current and lifetime suicidal ideation, lower hyperthymia, older

age and higher scores on negative temperaments. Suicidal ideation, negative temperaments and

hopelessness were risk factors for perceived disability, while hyperthymia was a protective factor

for perceived disability. Discussion: Patients with PD have an increased risk of suicidal ideation.

Increased suicidal ideation in PD is associated with the increased perceived disability. A psychiatric

assessment that includes the investigation of suicide risk and perceived disability is recommended

in patients with PD.

Keywords: N.A.

Link https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ijcp.13287?af=R

2018 Article

Body uneasiness is associated with food addiction symptoms: a cross-sectional

study

Imperatori C.1, Innamorati M.1, Lamis D. A., Farina B.1, Fabbricatore M.1, Contardi A.1

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: The main aim of the present study was to investigate the association between food

addiction (FA) symptoms and body uneasiness in a nonclinical sample, while controlling for potential

confounding variables. Participants (N = 395; 123 men) were administered self‐report measures

assessing FA, binge eating severity, body uneasiness, depressive symptoms, emotion dysregulation

and socio‐demographic variables. Body uneasiness was independently associated with FA

symptoms (standardized beta coefficients ranging between 0.41 [p < 0.001] and 0.22 [p < 0.001]),

even when controlling for the presence of other variables. This finding suggests that body

uneasiness may be a crucial symptom in the development and/or maintenance of FA symptoms.

Keywords: N.A.

Link https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/erv.2640

2018 Article

Mediators in the association between affective temperaments and suicide risk among psychiatric inpatients

Erbuto D., Innamorati M. 1, Lamis D. A., Berardelli I., Forte A., De Pisa E., Migliorati M., Serafini G.,

Gonda X., Rihmer Z., Fiorillo A., Amore M., Girardi P., Pompili M.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Background: Affective temperaments have been shown to be related to psychiatric

disorders and suicidal behaviors. Less is known about the potential contributory role of affective

temperaments on suicide risk factors. In the present study, we investigated whether the effect of

affective temperaments on suicide risk was mediated by other variables, such as hopelessness,

mentalization deficits, dissociation, psychological pain, and depressive symptoms. Methods: Several

assessment instruments, including the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI); the

Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A); the Beck

Hopelessness Scale (BHS); the Gotland Male Depression Scale (GMDS); the Dissociative Experiences

Scale (DES); the Psychological Pain Assessment Scale (PPAS); and the Mentalization Questionnaire

(MZQ), were administered to 189 psychiatrically hospitalized patients (103 women, 86 men) in

Rome, Italy. Results: In single-mediator models, hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and

mentalization, but not psychological pain or dissociation, were significant mediators in the

association between prevalent temperament and suicide risk. In a multiple-mediator model, a

significant indirect effect was found only for depression. Results demonstrated that patients with

negative temperaments reported higher suicide risk, psychological pain, hopelessness, and

depression, and less mentalization than patients with no prevalent temperament or hyperthymic

temperaments. Conclusions: Hopelessness, depression, and mentalization are all factors that

mediate the relation between affective temperaments and suicide risk. Identifying factors that

mediate the effects of affective temperamental makeup on suicide risk should enhance screening

and intervention efforts.

Keywords: N.A.

Link https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00332747.2018.1480251

2018 Article

Tryptophan and kynurenine metabolites: are they related to depression?

Pompili M., Lionetto L., Curto M., Forte A., Erbuto D., Montebovi F., Seretti M. E., Berardelli I.,

Serafini G., Innamorati M. 1, Amore M., Baldessarini R. J., Girardi P., Simmaco M.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Background: Some previous studies found decreased concentrations of L-tryptophan

(TRY) and increased L-kynurenine (KYN), or its metabolites, in the body fluids of subjects with major

depressive disorder (MDD), sometimes in association with suicidal behavior. Such changes might

indicate a shift of TRY away from serotonin production, possibly via the effects of inflammatory

peptides which activate indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase. However, these findings have been

inconsistent and require replication. Methods: We used sensitive liquid-chromatography mass

spectrometry methods to assay plasma concentrations of TRY, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA),

and KYN and its metabolites (anthranilic acid and xanthurenic acid). We compared 49 hospitalized,

depressed subjects diagnosed with MDD (n = 37) or bipolar disorder (BD, n = 12), with (n = 22) or

without (n = 27) previous suicide attempts, to 78 healthy, ambulatory controls of similar age and

sex (total n = 127). Findings: Contrary to expectation, TRY plasma concentrations were higher, KYN

plasma concentrations were lower, and their ratio much higher in depressed subjects, with no

relationship to suicidal history. Concentrations of 5-HIAA and the kynurenine metabolites did not

differ between depressed and healthy subjects. Conclusions: These findings are opposite to

expectations and not consistent with a hypothesized increased conversion from TRY to KYN in

depressed subjects. In addition, we found no evidence of altered production of serotonin as 5-HIAA

concentration was unchanged. None of the observed changes was associated with a history of

suicide attempt.

Keywords: Depression, Kynurenine, Serotonin, Suicide, Tryptophan.

Link https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/491604

2018 Article

Co-rumination, anxiety, and maladaptive cognitive schemas: when friendship can

hurt

Carlucci L., D’Ambrosio I., Innamorati M.1, Saggino A., Balsamo M.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Background: This study investigated maladaptive cognitive schemas as mediators of the

relationship between co-rumination and anxiety. Methods: Self-report measures of co-rumination,

trait cognitive and somatic anxiety, and early maladaptive cognitive schemas were provided to a

nonclinical sample of 461 young adults. Mediation of co-rumination and trait somatic and cognitive

anxiety by each early maladaptive schema domain was tested using nonparametric, bootstrap-

based resampling. Results: Significant associations between co-rumination and trait and cognitive

anxiety were mediated by schema domains related to Rejection and Disconnection, Overvigilance

and Inhibition, and Impaired Autonomy. The association between co-rumination and somatic

anxiety was mediated by domains related to Rejection and Disconnection and Impaired Autonomy.

Conclusion: The results of this study showed that those who engage in co-rumination, potentially

resulting in clinical levels of anxiety, might benefit from treatment that focuses on themes of

rejection sensitivity and belonging, beliefs about autonomy, and when the anxiety is more cognitive,

treatment that focuses on hypercriticalness and emotional inhibition too.

Keywords: anxiety, communication, domain, mediation, adults

Link https://www.dovepress.com/co-rumination-anxiety-and-maladaptive-cognitive-schemas-

when-friendshi-peer-reviewed-article-PRBM

2018 Article

Nightmares and suicide risk in psychiatric patients: the roles of hopelessness and

male depressive symptoms

Lamis D. A., Innamorati M.1, Erbuto D., Berardelli I., Montebovi F., Serafini G., Amore M., Krakow B.,

Girardi P., Pompili M.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Although nightmares have been shown to increase the risk for suicide, less is known

about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. In order to address this gap and guided by the

hopelessness theory of suicide risk, we examined hopelessness and male depressive symptoms as

risk factors for suicide while considering the frequency of and impairment due to nightmares. Data

were collected from 172 psychiatrically hospitalized, adult patients (91 women, 81 men) with an

average age of 39.15 (SD = 13.48) years. Patients were administered self-report measures of

nightmare frequency/impairment, hopelessness, and male depressive symptoms, as well as

undergoing a fully structured diagnostic clinical interview to determine diagnoses and suicide risk.

Compared to patients with yearly or no nightmares, those with monthly or weekly nightmares

reported nightmares reported higher levels of hopelessness, male depressive symptoms, and

suicide risk. Male depressive symptoms significantly mediated the relation between hopelessness

and suicide risk in patients who reported monthly to weekly nightmares, but not in those who

reported yearly or no nightmares. Moreover, impairment due to nightmares was significantly and

positively associated with male depression, but not hopelessness or suicide risk. The results also

provide evidence and further understanding about possible mechanisms of emerging suicide.

Keywords: Nightmares, Hopelessness, Depressive symptoms, Suicide risk, Psychiatric inpatients.

Link https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S016517811732005X?via%3Dihub

2018 Article

Assessment of affect lability: psychometric properties of the ALS-18

Contardi A.1, Imperatori C.1, Amati I., Balsamo M., Innamorati M.1

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Affect lability, an important aspect of emotion dysregulation, characterizes several

psychiatric conditions. The short Affective Lability Scales (ALS-18) measures three aspects of

changeability between euthymia and affect states (Anxiety/Depression, AD; Depression/Elation, DE;

and Anger, Ang). The aim of our study was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of an

Italian version of the ALS-18 in a sample of adults recruited from the general population. The sample

was composed of 494 adults (343 women and 151 men) aged 18 and higher (mean age = 31.73

years, SD = 12.6). All participants were administered a checklist assessing socio-demographic

variables, the ALS-18 and measures of depression and difficulties in emotion regulation.

Confirmatory factor analyses indicated adequate fit of the three-factor model (RMSEA = 0.061, 95%

CI = 0.054/0.069; CFI = 0.99; SRMR = 0.055), and the presence of a higher-order general factor.

Internal consistency was satisfactory for all the lower-order dimensions and the general factor

(ordinal α > 0.70). The ALS-18 was significantly associated with concurrent measures of depression

and difficulties in emotion regulation. These findings indicate that the ALS-18 is a valid and reliable

instrument for measuring affect lability, although discriminant validity of subdimensions scores

could be problematic.

Keywords: N.A.

Link https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00427/full

2018 Article

Depression, hopelessness, and complicated grief in survivors of suicide

Bellini S., Erbuto D., Andriessen K., Milelli M., Innamorati M.1, Lester D., Sampogna G., Fiorillo A.,

Pompili M.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Suicide often has a severe impact on the surviving family and friends. There is a need to

better understand the psychological and psychopathological consequences of losing a significant

other by suicide. The aim of the present study was to assess hopelessness, depression, suicide risk,

complicated grief, intrusive memories, and avoidance in a sample of suicide survivors. In this

observational study, 35 bereaved individuals were recruited at the Suicide Prevention Centre of

Sant’Andrea Hospital in Rome. Individuals were administered a series of validated instruments: the

Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI), the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), the Inventory of Complicated

Grief (ICG), the Impact of Event Scale (IES), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), and the Satisfaction

With Life Scale (SWLS). Most survivors (62.8%) obtained high scores on measures of complicated

grief. Scores on the measure of complicated grief were associated with intrusiveness of thoughts

and memories, attempts to prevent the thoughts and emotions related to the event, depressive

symptoms and hopelessness, and lower scores for feelings of happiness and satisfaction with life. A

subgroup of suicide survivors may be at risk of severe psychological distress and suicidal behavior.

Identification of these survivors is a necessary step for providing appropriate counseling and

psychotherapy.

Keywords: N.A.

Link https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00198/full

2018 Article

Validation of the Italian Yale Food Addiction Scale in postgraduate university

students

Manzoni, G. M., Rossi, A., Pietrabissa, G., Varallo, G., Molinari, E., Poggiogalle, E., Donini, L. M.,

Tarrini, G., Melchionda, N., Piccione, C., Gravina, G., Luxardi, G., Manzato, E., Schumann, R.,

Innamorati, M. 1, Imperatori, C. 1, Fabbricatore, M. 1, & Castelnuovo, G.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Purpose: This study was aimed to examine the structural and construct validity of the

Italian version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale in a multisite sample of postgraduate students.

Methods: Two hundred and fifty-six subjects (78.1% females) aged from 18 to 53 years

(mean = 23.93, SD = 4.96) and attending different postgraduate university programs at multiple

Italian universities completed the Italian YFAS, the Italian Binge Eating Scale (BES), the Italian Eating

Attitudes Test-26 and the Italian Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) online through

Qualtrics. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the single-factor model of the Italian

YFAS including all original items had adequate fit indexes (χ2252 = 454.183; p < 0.001; normed

χ2 = 1.802; RMSEA = 0.056; 90% CI 0.048–0.076; CFI = 0.761; WRMR = 1.592). However, item

analysis revealed that item#25 had zero variance (all subjects were assigned the same score after

item dichotomization) and item#24 had a low factor loading, and were thus removed. Furthermore,

item#10 and item#11 showed to be almost perfectly correlated (r = 0.998) and were thus parceled.

The resulting 19-item single-factor model revealed a better fit to the data (χ2152 = 235.69;

p < 0.001; normed χ2 = 1.556; RMSEA = 0.046; 90% CI 0.034–0.058; CFI = 0.858; WRMR = 1.236) and

its internal consistency was acceptable (KR-20 = 0.72). Also, a single-factor model including the

seven diagnostic symptoms was tested and showed adequate fit values (χ220 = 41.911; p < 0.003;

normed χ2 = 2.09; RMSEA = 0.065; 90% CI 0.037–0.093; CFI = 0.946; WRMR = 1.132). Statistically

significant and small-to-high correlations were found with all convergent measures, in particular

with the BES. Conclusion: The Italian 19-item YFAS resulted to be a valid and reliable tool for the

assessment of food addiction in postgraduate students.

Keywords: Food addiction, YFAS, Validity, University students.

Link https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40519-018-0495-0

2018 Article

Cognitive impairment in patients with psoriasis: a matched case-control study

Innamorati M.1, Quinto R. M.1, Lester D., Iani L.1, Graceffa D., Bonifati C.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Background: In the past decade, a few studies have suggested that psoriasis could be

associated with the presence of mild cognitive deficits. Objectives: The aim of the present matched

case-control study was to investigate several cognitive domains (executive functions, verbal

memory, attention, and language) in a sample of outpatients with psoriasis. We also investigated

whether cognitive impairment was associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in

patients with psoriasis. Methods: Fifty adult outpatients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy

controls were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests investigating major cognitive

domains, psychopathology (anxiety and depression), alexithymia, and HRQoL. Results: At the

bivariate level, psoriasis patients (compared to healthy controls) performed worse on most of the

neuropsychological tests, and they also reported more anxiety and depressive symptoms, higher

scores for alexithymia, and worse physical and mental health. At the multivariate level, cognitive

performance was independently associated with psoriasis even when controlling for

psychopathology and alexithymia. Conclusions: Patients with psoriasis show impaired cognitive

performance, high levels of anxiety and depression, and impaired quality of life. Based on the

current results, clinicians should assess the presence of psychological symptoms in their patients

and evaluate whether the presence of cognitive deficits is limiting the patients' ability to cope with

the disease.

Keywords: Psoriasis, Cognitive impairment, Anxiety, Depression, Quality of life.

Link https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022399917311030?via%3Dihub

2018 Article

Temperaments in psychotic and major affective disorders

Pompili M., Baldessarini R. J., Innamorati M.1, Vázquez G. H., Rihmer Z., Gonda X., Forte A., Lamis D.

A., Erbuto D., Serafini G., Fiorillo A., Amore M., Girardi P.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Background: Assessment of affective temperaments with the extensively validated, 110-

item TEMPS-A autoquestionnaire has been used to characterize patients with mood disorders, and

its scores have been associated consistently with suicidal behavior. Much less has been reported

about comparisons of characteristics of such assessments in psychotic and other psychiatric

disorders. Methods: We analyzed results of TEMPS-A assessments in 1081 psychiatrically

hospitalized patients in Rome and compared subscale scores (anxious [anx], cyclothymic [cyc],

depressive [dep], irritable [irr], hyperthymic [hyp]) and a composite score (anx+cyc+dep+irr – hyp)

among diagnoses and subjects with vs. without a suicide attempt. Results: TEMPS-A subscale scores

differed significantly among diagnoses and were higher with major affective than psychotic or other

disorders. Suicide attempts were 1.5-times more frequent among women than men and with

affective versus nonaffective disorders, ranking: bipolar-II > major depression > bipolar-I > other

disorders > psychotic disorders. TEMPS-A subscores were significantly higher among suicidal

subjects (ranking: anx ≥ cyc ≥ dep > irr) except hyp (lower), but the composite score differed most

(1.37-fold higher). Multivariable logistic regression modeling indicated that suicide attempt was

significantly and independently associated with: TEMPS-A composite score > female sex > affective

disorder > older age. Conclusions: TEMPS-A scores, particularly a composite score (anx+cyc+dep+irr

– hyp) may help effectively evaluate suicidal risk in association with nonaffective as well as affective

disorders.

Keywords: Affective temperaments, Bipolar disorders, Major affective disorders, Major depressive

disorder, Psychotic disorders, TEMPS-A, Suicide attempt.

Link https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S016503271730304X?via%3Dihub

2018 Article

Factors associated with suicide: case-control study in South Tyrol

Giupponi G., Innamorati M.1, Baldessarini R. J., De Leo D., de Giovannelli F., Pycha R., Conca A.,

Girardi P., Pompili M.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Abstract: Background: As suicide is related to many factors in addition to psychiatric illness, broad

and comprehensive risk-assessment for risk of suicide is required. This study aimed to differentiate

nondiagnostic risk factors among suicides versus comparable psychiatric patients without suicidal

behavior. Methods: We carried out a pilot, case-control comparison of 131 cases of suicide in South

Tyrol matched for age and sex with 131 psychiatric controls, using psychological autopsy methods

to evaluate differences in clinically assessed demographic, social, and clinical factors, using bivariate

conditional Odds Risk comparisons followed by conditional regression modeling controlled for

ethnicity. Results: Based on multivariable conditional regression modeling, suicides were

significantly more likely to have experienced risk factors, ranking as: [a] family history of suicide or

attempt ≥ [b] recent interpersonal stressors ≥ [c] childhood traumatic events ≥ [d] lack of recent

clinician contacts ≥ [e] previous suicide attempt ≥ [f] non-Italian ethnicity, but did not differ in

education, marital status, living situation, or employment, nor by psychiatric or substance-abuse

diagnoses. Conclusions: Both recent and early factors were associated with suicide, including lack

of recent clinical care, non-Italian cultural subgroup-membership, familial suicidal behavior, and

recent interpersonal distress.

Keywords: N.A.

Link https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0010440X17302225?via%3Dihub

2018 Article

The Association among Default Mode Network Functional Connectivity, Mentalization, and Psychopathology in a Nonclinical Sample: An eLORETA Study. Farina B1, Della Marca G2, Maestoso G1, Amoroso N1, Valenti EM1, Carbone GA1, Massullo C1, Contardi A1, Imperatori C1. 1Department of Human Sciences, European University, Rome, Italy. 2Sleep Disorders Unit, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, 00153 Rome, Italy

Abstract: AIMS: We investigated default mode network (DMN) electroencephalography (EEG)

functional connectivity differences between individuals with self-reported high mentalization capability and low psychopathological symptoms, versus participants with mentalization impairments and high psychopathological symptoms. METHODS: Forty-nine students (35 women) with a mean age of 22.92 ± 2.53 years were administered the Mentalization Questionnaire (MZQ) and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Five minutes of EEG during resting state were also recorded for each participant. DMN functional connectivity analyses were conducted by means of the exact Low Resolution Electric Tomography software (eLORETA). RESULTS: Compared to the individuals with high mentalization capability and lower self-reported psychopathological symptoms, participants with mentalization impairments and high psychopathological symptoms showed a decrease of EEG beta connectivity between: (i) the right and left medial frontal lobe, and (ii) the left medial frontal lobe and the right anterior cingulate cortex. Furthermore, while MZQ total score was positively associated with DMN network connections (i.e., right and left medial frontal lobes), several psychopathological symptoms (i.e., interpersonal sensitivity, depression, and psychoticism) were negatively associated with DMN connectivity. CONCLUSION: Our results may reflect a top-down emotion regulation deficit which is associated with both internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. KEYWORDS: Default mode network; EEG functional connectivity; Mentalization; Psychopathology; eLORETA Link https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/485517 2018 Article

Feedback-Based Treatments for Eating Disorders and Related Symptoms: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Imperatori C1, Mancini M1, Della Marca G2, Valenti EM1,3, Farina B1 1Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190, 00163 Roma, Italy. 2Sleep Disorders Unit, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, 00153 Rome, Italy 3Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy

Abstract: The effectiveness of biofeedback and neurofeedback has been investigated in a range of

psychiatric disorders. However, to date, there are few studies on the clinical usefulness of feedback-based techniques for eating disorders (EDs) and EDs-related symptoms (e.g., food craving). A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and PsychINFO identified 162 articles. Among these, thirteen studies exploring the therapeutic use of biofeedback and neurofeedback in EDs or EDs-related symptoms were included. Biofeedback and neurofeedback were implemented respectively in five and eight of all reviewed articles. No studies incorporated different feedback modalities or both biofeedback and neurofeedback. The considered studies provide preliminary data of the usefulness of feedback-based techniques in the treatment of several dysfunctional eating behaviors (e.g., food craving, rumination). Although no significant effect has been reported for other important EDs-related symptoms (i.e., body image disturbance), feedback-based techniques are also associated with significant modifications of both sympathetic reaction to food-related stimuli and brain activity in several regions of the reward system (e.g., insula). Taken together the results of the present review suggest that feedback-based treatments may be useful in the treatment of several dysfunctional eating behaviors operating both on top-down and bottom-up individual coping strategies. Methodological and clinical issues are also discussed KEYWORDS: EEG-Neurofeedback; biofeedback; eating disorders; eating disorders-related symptoms; fMRI-Neurofeedback; psychophysiology Link https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/11/1806

2018 Article

Sense of meaning influences mental functioning in chronic renal patients Autori: Luca Iani1 , Marco Lauriola2, Andrea-René Angeramo1, Elena Malinconico1, Piero Porcelli3

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 2 Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome ‘Sapienza’, Rome, Italy 3 Department of Psychological, Health and Territory Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy

Abstract: In this preliminary study, we examined whether aspects of spiritual well-being

accounted for mental and physical health-related quality of life in 68 patients with end-stage renal disease, when controlling for age, type of treatment, physical symptoms, and worries. Hierarchical multiple regressions showed that meaning was associated with better mental health, while worry and physical symptoms also accounted for poor mental health. Faith and peace did not contribute to mental health. Older age, type of treatment (hemodialysis), and physical symptoms accounted for poor physical health. Our findings suggest that clinicians should include spiritual well-being in future interventions for end-stage renal disease patients. Keywords: end-stage renal disease, health-related quality of life, hemodialysis, physical symptoms, renal transplantation, spiritual well-being, worry Link https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1359105318781908

2018 Article

Cognitive impairment in patients with psoriasis: a matched case-control study Marco Innamorati1, Rossella Mattea Quinto1, David Lester2, Luca Iani1, Dario Graceffa3, Claudio Bonifati3.

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy. 2 Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, USA 3 Center for the Study and Treatment of Psoriasis, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Background: In the past decade, a few studies have suggested that psoriasis could be

associated with the presence of mild cognitive deficits. Objectives: The aim of the present matched case-control study was to investigate several cognitive domains (executive functions, verbal memory, attention, and language) in a sample of outpatients with psoriasis. We also investigated whether cognitive impairment was associated with poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with psoriasis. Methods: Fifty adult outpatients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests investigating major cognitive domains, psychopathology (anxiety and depression), alexithymia, and HRQoL. Results: At the bivariate level, psoriasis patients (compared to healthy controls) performed worse on most of the neuropsychological tests, and they also reported more anxiety and depressive symptoms, higher scores for alexithymia, and worse physical and mental health. At the multivariate level, cognitive performance was independently associated with psoriasis even when controlling for psychopathology and alexithymia. Conclusions: Patients with psoriasis show impaired cognitive performance, high levels of anxiety and depression, and impaired quality of life. Based on the current results, clinicians should assess the presence of psychological symptoms in their patients and evaluate whether the presence of cognitive deficits is limiting the patients' ability to cope with the disease. Keywords: Psoriasis, Cognitive impairment, Anxiety, Depression, Quality of life. Link https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022399917311030?via%3Dihub

2018 Article

Perspectives of Hospice Clinicians in Italy on the Current Quality of Palliative Care and the Potential Future Role for Euthanasia Authors: Konstantinos Mastorakis1, Claudia Navarini2, Franco Carnevale1,3, Mary Ellen Macdonald1,3

1McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada 2European University of Rome, Rome, Italy 3The Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada

Abstract: Background: Euthanasia has become increasingly avail- able internationally as an

alternative amidst end-of-life care options. In certain European health care environ- ments, euthanasia is integrated into palliative care; in others, palliative care and euthanasia sit in tension.

In Italy, to date, euthanasia is not legal. This study asks hos- pice workers in Italy if and how palliative care could be improved, and their views on a potential future role for euthanasia in end-of-life care. Purpose: To explore the perspectives of Italian hospice clinicians about the current quality of palliative care, and the potential role for euthanasia in end-of-life care. Material and Methods: This research was conducted with hospice clinicians (physicians, nurses, psychologists and other personnel involved directly in care) in three hospices in Rome. A 75 item 5-point Likert scale question- naire was developed and administered. Descriptive statis- tics were performed using SPSS version 11.0. Results: Fifty-six respondents completed the question- naire (response rate 100%). Overall, respondents rated quality of life and pain control as the most important el- ements of patient care. Important variables for ensuring high quality palliative care were: patients’ psychosocial and physical wellbeing, family relationships, patient au- tonomy, and patient’s sense of burden. Respondents felt current practices were adequate but that there was room for improvement; further, that improving the domains of pain control, family relationships, and psychological suffering would diminish any need for introducing euthanasia to end-of-life care in Italy. Conclusion: According to hospice clinicians in this context, palliative care practice is currently adequate; however there is agreement that there is room for improvement. The majority of respondents felt there is currently no need for euthanasia within palliative end-of-life care. A future study should explore the per- spectives of patients and families on the quality of Keywords: Hospice Clinicians, Quality of Palliative Care, Euthanasia Link https://www.jpsmjournal.com/article/S0885-3924(18)30551-7/fulltext

2018 Article

Age Power: Work Engagement in Different Generations.

Authors: Ludovica Denaro1, Gabriele Giorgi1, Francesco Sderci2, Javier Fiz-Perez1

1Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 2Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Abstract: There is a serious new problem in the workplace, and it has nothing to do with

downsizing, global competition, pointy-haired bosses, stress or greed. Instead, it is the problem of distinct generations, the Baby Boomers, Generation X and Generation Y, working together and often colliding as their paths cross. Research indicates that people communicate based on their generational backgrounds. Each generation has distinct attitudes, behaviors, expectations, habits and motivational buttons. Learning how to communicate with the different generations can eliminate many major confrontations and misunderstandings in the workplace and the world of business. When you take members of different generations, blend them together, and ask them to work side by side, you have both an opportunity and a challenge: the opportunity to engage a mix of people who bring their unique experiences and skills to an organization and the challenge of dealing with the generational differences that distinguish them.

Keywords: work engagement, generation, age, workplace, active aging, occupational medicine

2018 Article

The Assessment of Work-Related Stress in a Large Sample of Bank Employees

Authors: Giulio Arcangeli 1, Gabriele Giorgi 2,Manfredi Montalti 1,Francesco Sderci 1

1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence, Florence, Italy

2 Department of Human Sciences European University, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Over the past decade there has been a marked increase in the amount of interest in

issues involving work-related stress in Italy. Firstly, with the promulgation of the fundamental law for the protection of health and safety in the workplace, stress has been included as an element to be considered in the mandatory risk assessment. According to the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, research in Italy demonstrated high levels of stress in the banking sector. Moreover, since 2008, a deep financial crisis has widely spread around the world. Scientists expressed their worry about this crisis by pointing out that potential negative health effects can be created by collective fear and panic. Economic stress appeared consequently as a new important aspect of mental health. With this in mind, a study was conducted to evaluate peculiarities of hindrance and challenge stressors and its links with recovery in Italian banking population. We contacted HR and H&S managers of a major Italian banking group and invited them to participate in a stress assessment. The questionnaires were administered online through the intranet company portal. Anonymity and confidentiality in the responses were, however, fully assured. Work-related stress was measured with the Stress Questionnaire (SQ) which assesses several psychosocial working variables. Results of over 6,000 respondents demonstrated that female respondents lack more of job control and colleagues’ support as compared to male respondents. Employees over 50 years old lack of supervisor’ support. Employees with the shortest job seniority experienced greatest role ambiguity, lack of job control and colleagues support. Results of hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated that lack of colleagues’ and supervisor’s support as well as job demands and job control contributed in explaining recovery. The greatest contribution to the explained variance was of job demands and lack of colleagues’ support.

Keywords: Work-related stress, Stress questionnaire, Banking sector

Link: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-96089-0_51

2018 Book

Risk Assessment in an Industrial Hospital Laundry

Giulio Arcangeli 1, Manfredi Montalti 1, Francesco Sderci 1, Gabriele Giorgi 2,

Nicola Mucci 1

1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

2. Department of Human Sciences European University, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Background: The laundries present in hospitals are responsible for washing, disinfection

and distribution of working clothes. In healthcare services, workers from laundry services are exposed to various occupational hazards, including the ergonomic ones, related in particular to repeated movements of lumbar flexion, raising the arms above shoulder level and transportation of loads. These conditions can provoke musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), one of the most common occupational disease present in developed countries. Methods: Step one: evaluation of the baseline condition by two different approaches. (1) Risk assessment with the study of working conditions using a specific integrated tool; (2) analysis of referred symptoms from workers using a specific validated questionnaire for MSD, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. 167 workers are included, 51 males (age 42,8 ± 10,3 years), 118 females (age 45,1 ± 8,8 years). Step two: changes of working organization on the basis of the results of step one. Results: The analysis of questionnaires showed higher prevalence of symptoms in the female groups, in particular in the iron area. Symptoms increase with age and BMI but not with years of employment. On these basis a reorganization of the job processes were carried out, with changing in the machinery and in job organization (e.g., time of work at the workstation, including more frequent rotations of workers), and a specific individual practical training of workers was realized.Discussion. The incidence of MSD symptoms appear very high. The inherent characteristics of the job associated with individual factors and unfavorable ergonomic conditions can contribute in the occurrence of MSD, injuries and aggravation of existing diseases.

Keywords: Musculoskeletal disorders, Industrial laundry, Ergonomic risks

Link: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-96083-8_57

2018 Article

Be Friendly, Stay Well: The Effects of Job Resources on Well-Being in a Discriminatory Work Environment

Donatella Di Marco1, Alicia Arenas2, Gabriele Giorgi3, Giulio Arcangeli4 and Nicola Mucci4

1Business Research Unit, University Institute of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

2Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain

3Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy

4Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Abstract: Many studies have focused on the negative effects of discrimination on workers’ well-

being. However, discrimination does not affect just victims but also those people who witness discriminatory acts or who perceived they are working in a discriminatory work environment. Although perceiving a discriminatory work environment might be a stressor, the presence of job resources might counteract its negative effects, as suggested by the Job Demand-Resources model. The goal of this study is to test the effect of perceiving a discriminatory work environment on workers’ psychological well-being when job autonomy and co-workers and supervisor support act as mediator and moderators respectively. To test the moderated mediation model data were gathered with a sample of Italian 114 truckers. Results demonstrated that job autonomy partially

mediates the relationship between perceiving a discriminatory work environment and workers’ well-being. Main interactional effects have been observed when co-workers support is introduced in the model as moderator, while no main interactional effects exist when supervisor support is introduced. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Keywords: discriminatory work environment, workers’ well-being, job resources, job autonomy, social support, occupational medicine

Link: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00413

2018 article

566 Evaluation of quality of life and annoyance in the context of life Monza project

Giulio Arcangeli1,Nicola Mucci 1, Gabriele Giorgi 2, Chiara Lorini 3, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi 3

1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

2 Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy

3 Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Abstract: Introduction: The LIFE MONZA (Methodologies fOr Noise low emission Zones introduction

And management) project aims to assess a methodology for the management of the Noise Low Emission Zones (LEZ), that are urban areas subject to traffic restrictions. The impacts of noise pollution will be analyzed in the pilot area of the Municipality of Monza, partner of the project together with the Higher Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), the University of Florence and a private company. A relevant objective of the project concern the analysis of the effects of the introduction of the Noise LEZ on the people’s well-being conditions, through the use of proper health indicators .Methods: After an analysis of the literature, we have proposed the use of the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire for the evaluation of quality of life (QOL), that is the only tool that has a specific environmental domain. The limit of the physical space available in the general LIFE questionnaire has led us to select five main questions to be administered. Since annoyance is set of subjective feelings, its detection is normally carried out through questionnaires, but none of them is an authoritative and validated one. Consequently, we have developed a survey instrument of four questions. Result: The administration pre-post (before and after the interventions) of the nine multiple-choice questions described above and, optionally, of the WHOQOL-Bref would provide a comparable objective score of the residents’ QOL and an estimate of the potential role of the structural changes on it. Discussion: The project intend to update the state of the art about the evaluation of QOL and annoyance. There is a wide literature regarding QOL evaluation as well as related tools of investigation. The scientific production regarding annoyance is more limited but the recent increasing of publications about this issue underlines its topicality and the need for further researches.

Link:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-ICOHabstracts.1468

Article 2018

Well-Being and Functioning at Work Following Thefts and Robberies: A Comparative Study

Ilaria Setti1, Peter G. van der Velden2, Valentina Sommovigo1,3, Maria S. Ferretti1, Gabriele Giorgi4, Deirdre O'Shea3 and Piergiorgio Argentero1

1Unit of Applied Psychology, Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

2INTERVICT, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands

3Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland

4Department of Psychology, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Thefts and robberies may be traumatizing experiences for employees. The aim of this

study is to explore to what extent experiencing robberies and/or thefts at work affect workers' mental health, coping-self-efficacy, social support seeking, workload and job satisfaction. Drawing on Conservation of Resources theory, this research contributes to our understanding of the psychological sequelae of robbery and theft for employees working in small businesses. The few studies on the effects of robberies and thefts in the past have predominantly focused on bank employees. A sample of Italian tobacconists and jewelers completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire examining the experience of robbery and/or theft, social support seeking (Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced scale, COPE-IV), psycho-somatic well-being (General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12), job satisfaction (a single item). Victims of thefts and/or robberies reported their PTSD symptoms (Impact of Event- Revised 6, IES-R-6) and trauma-related coping self-efficacy (Coping Self-Efficacy scale, CSE-7), based on the last event (N = 319). Descriptive analyses, ANOVA, ANCOVA and multiple regressions analyses have been carried out. The results indicated that victims of thefts and robberies experienced greater workload, higher psycho-physical complaints and greater tendency to seek social support in comparison with their non-affected counterparts. They additionally experienced more post-traumatic symptomatology and perceived lower coping self-efficacy, when compared to those who experienced thefts “only.” Multiple regression analyses revealed that CSE was positively related to job satisfaction, although the presence of psycho-physical symptoms was the main predictor of job satisfaction among both non-affected and affected employees. PTSD was not an independent predictor of job satisfaction. In sum, robberies and/or thefts exposure undermines differently workers' well-being.Front. Psychol., 20 February 2018 .

Keywords: violence at work, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psycho-somatic well-being, trauma-related coping self-efficacy (CSE), job satisfaction

Link: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00168

Article 2018

The Manifestation of Well-being in Engagement and in Intrapreneur's Skills: An Empirical Investigation in a Sample of University Students

Eugenio Mennini 1, Caterina Pandolfi 1, Gabriele Giorgi 2, Giulio Arcangeli 3, Nicola Mucci4.

1Business&Health Laboratory, European University of Rome, Italy;

2Department of Psychology, European University of Rome, Italy;

3Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy;

4 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Abstract: The literature’s review of this study refers to two peculiar issues of people’s well-being

and to individual skills needed for its manifestation. Well-being is a multifaceted and extremely complex construct that is investigated in different fields. Nevertheless, it is a spontaneous manifestation, inherent to human beings, which is an expression of their true essence. The main purpose of this study is to check the emerging relationships between engagement, which is typical of the intrapreneur, and individual satisfaction/well-being. The research has explored the decisive factors in the manifestation of individual well-being among a sample of university students. This study can also contribute by exemplifying a University’s potential, in that it provides a global evaluation of these constructs with a specific focus on students. The student’s point of view, in fact, represents a strategic asset. It’s also crucial to underline the importance played by the awareness of students and of the University’s managers in regard to the analysed factors with the goal to enhance the role of the person. The aim of the research was to investigate the correlations and the relations between intrapreneurial self-capital, engagement, general well-being and satisfaction with life by using a sample of university students. The participants consist of 101 students and five tests have been administered. The results resulted in 8 upper-middle correlations. More specifically, it was found that well-being and satisfaction with life are strictly linked to engagement and also, as expected, that intrapreneur-self-capital higher-order construct play a key role in the manifestation of well-being.

Keywords: well-being, engagement, university, students, occupational health.

Link: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322921064_The_manifestation_of_well-being_in_engagement_and_in_intrapreneur's_skills_An_empirical_investigation_in_a_sample_of_university_students

Article 2018

A Conservation of Resources Perspective on Negative Affect and Innovative Work Behaviour: the Role of Affect Activation and Mindfulness

Francesco Montani 1, Véronique Dagenais-Desmarais 2, Gabriele Giorgi 3,Simon Grégoire 4

1. Montpellier Research in Management Montpellier Business School Montpellier Cedex 4 France

2. Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

3. Department of Psychology, Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy

4. Department of Education, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada

Abstract: The present study aimed to clarify the inconsistent relationship between negative affect

and innovative work behaviour by taking into account the role of affect activation and mindfulness. Building on the conservation of resources theory, we hypothesized that low-activated negative affect can be associated with increased innovativeness, but only for employees with high levels of mindfulness. Conversely, high-activated negative affect is expected to have a positive, direct relationship with innovative work behaviour. Data were collected from two independent samples, namely 163 French Canadian and 101 Italian employees. Consistent with our predictions, multiple regression analysis results showed that low-activated negative affect was positively related to innovative behaviour only when mindfulness was high (vs. low), whereas high-activated negative affect was directly associated with higher innovativeness. Our findings challenge the assumption that low-activated negative affects are associated with undermined innovative behaviour, suggesting that these affective states can be related to increased innovativeness if employees are mindful. On the other hand, they support the view that high-activated negative affects provide the energizing potential for instigating innovative actions. This study is unique in examining mindfulness as a moderator that is capable of shaping the link between deactivating negative affect and employee innovativeness. As such, it answers recent calls for research on how mindfulness can contribute to workplace functioning. Moreover, this is the first study to take into account the role of activation level in the negative affect-innovative work behaviour relationship.

Keywords: Negative affect Mindfulness Innovative work behaviour Innovation Conservation of resources theory

Article 2018

Mindfulness as a process: The contribution of MPQ to positive psychology.

Authors: Anna Contardi 1, Rebecca Honorati 1, Giulia Bartolomeo 1, Luigia Palmiero 1, Massimo Continisio 1, Gabriele Giorgi 1.

1 Department of Psychology, Università Europea di Roma,Rome,Italy

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to explore the factorial structure of an Italian version

of the Mindfulness Process Questionnaire (MPQ) in a sample of workers. The MPQ and the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were administered to 328 adults (194 males and 134 females), aged between 26 and 60 years old (M = 45.30; SD = 8.65). The analyses supported a one-factor structure for the MPQ, and good internal consistency. In regard to the discriminant validity of the MPQ our results suggest substantial differences in the definitions of mindfulness used in the MAAS and the MPQ and seem to suggest how the two instruments assess diverse and independent aspects, each leading back to the mindfulness construct. Further investigations are required in order to investigate other aspects of validity and reliability of the MPQ. The MPQ could reveal itself to be a valid instrument capable both of contributing to the operational definition of the mindfulness construct and of assessing the process of awareness related to the ability of mindfulness in the workplace.

Keywords: Mindfulness, Attention, Awareness

link:http://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?site=ehost&scope=site&jrnl=11261072&AN=132056185&h=YQl65toTErMjyPEZWHTsz%2bygRYsysdbLyPN0h6NMe7Aucg2G1KuLZpt7mGYvqDXlnJZqyilDV6RStfVLy1atJA%3d%3d&crl=c&resultLocal=ErrCrlNoResults&resultNs=Ehost&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d11261072%26AN%3d132056185

Article 2018

Work Engagement and Flourishing at Work Among Nuns: The Moderating Role of Human Values

Antonio Ariza-Montes1,2, Horacio Molina-Sánchez1, Jesús Ramirez-Sobrino1 and Gabriele Giorgi3

1Department of Management, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain

2Department of Business Administration, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile

3Department of Psychology, Università Europea di Roma, Rome, Italy

Abstract: Faith-based organizations are a key player in major sectors of activity for maintaining the

welfare state, including health, education, and social services. This paper uses a multivariate regression model in an attempt to identify the factors that affect the relationship between work engagement and flourishing. The paper also discusses the empirical research gap that has been identified in the literature about the moderated effect of human values on this relationship. This study is based on a sample of 142 nuns of a congregation belonging to a religious organization with an international scope and a Catholic inspiration. The case of religious women who have chosen to live a life consistent with the charism of the congregation constitutes a paradigmatic and unique environment to investigate the potential alignment of personal values with professional activity. This work unveils two main findings. First, the more engaged nuns are in their work (social action to serve the poorest and most disadvantaged people), the more they flourish in their working environment and in their personal lives. Second, Schwartz’s values reinforce the relationship between the professional role (work engagement) and the personal role (flourishing at work). In conclusion, flourishing at work could be improved through work engagement and this relationship is moderated by human values. These results add insights to better know the relationship among life and work domains.

Keywords: work engagement, flourishing, human values, nuns, faith-based organizations

Link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01874/full

2018 book

Editorial: Emerging and Re-emerging Organizational Features, Work Transitions, and Occupational Risk Factors: The Good, the Bad, the Right. An Interdisciplinary Perspective

Giulio Arcangeli1, Gabriele Giorgi2, Nicola Mucci1, Jean-Luc Bernaud3 and Annamaria Di Fabio4

1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

2Department of Human Sciences, European University, Rome, Italy

3Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France

4Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Abstract: This special issue aims to provide an overview of the profound changes that have

interested the labor market in the last decade all over the world. These rapid and profound transformations have, on the one hand, generated new opportunities for both employers and employees, but, on the other hand, they have led to the re-actualization of old organizational risks as well as the emergence of new occupational risks. In such a context, the stakeholders had to suddenly face a new context of challenges and critical issues in the workplace and, therefore, it is not surprising that scientific research is increasingly focusing on perceived organizational support, commitment in organizational context, socialization processes, changes in capacity of organizations, perceived organizational justice, occupational ergonomics, and motivation. The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA, 2016) has identified three key points that describe the ongoing evolution in the modern labor market: globalization, technical innovation, and aging of the population. First, some potential occupational risks, for many years considered old, are reappearing in organizations: intensive fear and worries, organizational anxiety, boredom, physical violence, alienation, segregation, loneliness, and isolation. Moreover, the perceived re-emerging organizational characteristics seem to be of utmost importance for companies.The 33 manuscripts selected for this special issue are mainly empirical contributions, written by authors belonging to different disciplinary sectors and coming from different geographical regions. They therefore offer different perspectives on labor transitions and occupational risk factors, also contributing to promoting an interdisciplinary and international approach to research that will allow the progress of science in the field of occupational health and safety (H&S). The manuscripts, when considered together, bring out three important aspects. First of all, the issues concerning the re-emergence and the emergence of occupational risks and professional opportunities are particularly current in the light of the continuous changes and of the instability of companies in the global economy. Secondly, employee health and well-being are crucial in a time of current global financial crisis and economic pressures on companies. Finally—considering the huge social, political and environmental implications—in this special issue is clearly emerged the importance of evaluation and prevention of psychosocial risks and work-related stress.

Keywords: organizational psychology, organizational risks, work-related stress, innovation, engagement, welfare, organizational justice, occupational medicine

Link: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01533

Article 2018

Addressing Risks: Mental Health, Work-Related Stress, and Occupational Disease Management to Enhance Well-Being

Gabriele Giorgi , 1 , Jose M. Leon-Perez,2 , Silvia Pignata , 3, Yücel Demiral,4, and Giulio Arcangeli,5

1 Department of Human Science, European University of Roma (UER), Rome, Italy

2 Department of Social Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain

3 Aviation Faculty School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

4 Department of Public Health and Department of Occupational Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty, ˙Izmir, Turkey

5 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

Abstract: In this special issue, Biomed Research International, section Public Health, decided to

investigate the link between workers’ health and work-related stress, and occupational disease management to enhance well-being. Te literature indicates that mental health and work-related stress are an increasing concern and that the management and mitigation of psychosocial risk require an interdisciplinary approach [1, 2]. In the recent international literature, mental health problems are associated with new and broader sources of work-related stress which can increase an individual’s vulnerability to more serious mental health issues as well as physical and psychosomatic complaints. In addition, there is evidence of the detrimental impact of work-related stress and mental health issues on workers’ health and safety, particularly with regard to cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, and employee well-being [3, 4]. After a peer review process involving international experts, the 13 papers accepted in this special issue are empirical contributions that highlight the importance of a contextualized health approach with a focus on organizational environments. These contributions from a broad group of authors from different disciplinary sectors (organizational psychology, occupational medicine, management, nursing, medicine, epidemiology, mathematics, and mental health) represent a significant heterogeneity of countries (Asia, Australia, Eastern-Europe, Northern-Europe, South Africa, and Southern-Europe). Tus, this special issue reflects an international research perspective, which is vital for the progress of science in the field of psychosocial risk and mental health

Keywords: Mental Health, Work-Related Stress, Occupational Disease Management, Well-Being

Link: https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc5925166