2019/2020 · 2020-01-16 · gastrointestinal tract git ... 1 main components of the system anatomy...

Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research

Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation تی دڵنیایی جۆری و رایهبهڕێوهبه

خشینبهمتمانه

Department of …MLT

College of Health Technical

University of Erbil Polytechnics University

Subject: Medical Histology

Course Book – (Year 2)

Lecturer's name 1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem …PhD

2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc

3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem… Diploma

Academic Year: 2019/2020

Course Book




1. Course name Medical Histology

2. Lecturer in charge 1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem… Diploma

3. Department/ College MLT .. College of Health Technology

4. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Tel: (07504716619)

5. Time (in hours) per week For example Theory: 2 Practical: 3

6. Office hours Sunday , Monday ,Tuesday and Thursday

7. Course code

8. Teacher's academic profile

e.g Webpage, Blog, Moodle… or few paragraphs about not less than 100 words

graduated from Salahadeen university / college of education/ biology department 1990-1991

Started job as biologist in hawler medical university / college of medicine / anatomy and histology Dep.

In 1999 qualify Master degree in medical histology from hawler medical university / college of medicine / anatomy and histology Dep.

In 2010 qualify PHD in medical histology from hawler medical university / college of medicine / anatomy and histology Dep.

From 2000 till now teaching the Medical Histology

9. Keywords

10. Course overview: Histology has many important goals are:-

1-Understanding tissue structure at levels not visible with the naked eye. 2- To understand the relationship between tissue structure & function. 3- To provide basis for treating diseases & injured tissues.

The students study the histology and they are able to describe the histological structure of normal and healthy organs in the human body

In this course the students are prepared for studying the histopathology in the next stage

11. Course objective: Through this course the students study the 4 principle types of tissues in human body , then how these 4 principle types of tissues arranged to form the different organs and systems in the human body

At the end of the course book the students will be able to describe the systems of human body and the different organs within each system , describing the details of histological structure of each organ

Also the students will get information about the diseases and disorders of each organ in human body so they will prepared for studying histopathology in the next stage




12. Student's obligation

During the course the students must attend all lectures ,

every lecture must prepare themselves for quiz ,

preparing seminars about the different organs of human body and discus it

the copybook for drawing the different sections of tissues is required from the students and finally evaluated

13. Forms of teaching Power point and data show

White board

Microscope and glass slides

14. Assessment scheme

1. Student attendance 2. Weekly quiz (short exam) 3. Preparing seminars 4. Preparing drawing copybook 5. Mid- term exam (practical and theory) 6. Students activities in practical and theory lectures

15. Student learning outcome: Through this course the students study the normal structure of all systems , organs

& tissues in the human body and they be able to distinguish between the normal and pathological tissue sections when they get their job in the clinical laboratories in future

If the students cannot recognize the normal tissue sections , they cannot examine and recognize the histopathological sections

They get clinical information about the structure and the function of each tissue and organ in the human body and relationship between the tissue structure and function

16. Course Reading List and References: Basic Histology( by :Junqueira & Carneiro ) – LANGE all versions Histology – A text and Atlas ( by: Ross , Romrell & Kaye)- Williams & Wilkins.

TEXT & ATLAS OF HISTOLOGY (by: LEESON, LEESON & PAPARO). PUB: SAUNDERS Internet

17. The Topics: Lecturer's name

Lecture.... 1

Epithelial tissues

The principal kinds of the human body tissues

General properties

General functions

General classifications 1. Simple epithelia

Dr. Layla Abdulsattar (2 hrs) 18/9/2019




a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Pseudostratified epithelium

2. Stratified epithelia a. Stratified squamous epithelium b. Stratified cuboidal epithelium c. Stratified columnar epithelium d. transitional epithelium

Summary Brain storm questions

Lecture.... 2

Glandular epithelia Classification of glands

According to the mode of secretion 1. Apocrine 2. Merocrine 3. Holocrine

According to the site of product release 1. Endocrine glands 2. Exocrine glands

According to the number of the cells 1. Unicellular glands 2. Simple glands 3. Compound glands

Summary Brain storm questions &

Quiz


Lecture 3

Specializations of epithelial cell surfaces

1. Specializations of apical surface

Cilia

Stereocilia

Flagella

Microvilli

2. Specializations of lateral surface

Zonula occludens or tight junction

Zonula adherens or adherens junction.

Desmosome.





Gap junctions.

3-Specializations of basal surface

basal lamina & basement membrane

Hemidesmosome

Summary

Brain storm questions & Quiz

Lecture 4

Connective tissues

Main properties of connective tissues

Classification of connective tissue.

Functions of connective tissue.

Composition of connective tissue

A-Cells I-Fixed cells Fibroblast , Fibrocyte, Adipocyte, mesenchymal cells & reticular cells II-Wandering cells mast cells, macrophages, plasma cells B-Fibers Collagen fibers, Elastic fibers & Reticular fibers

C-Ground substance

Summary , Brain storm questions & Quiz


Lecture 5

Connective tissues

Types of Connective Tissues 1- CT proper

a. loose (areolar CT) b. Dense regular CT c. Dense irregular CT d. Reticular CT. e. Embryonic CT. f. Adipose CT.

2-Spesialized CT Cartilage

a. Hyaline cartilage b. Elastic cartilage c. fibrocartilage





Summary Brain storm questions Quiz

Lecture 6

Connective tissues

Types of Connective Tissues 2-Spesialized CT

Bone

Function

Composition

Different cell types

Classification of bone

Spongy bone Compact bone

3-Fluid connective tissues

Blood General structure, Function & structure of different cells

1. RBCs

Summary Brain storm questions & Quiz


Lecture 7

Connective tissues

Specialized Connective tissues

3- Blood

Blood (leukocytes)

Lymph

Muscle tissue

General structure

Classification

characteristic feature

Function

location of each muscle type

Skeletal muscles

Summary





Brain storm questions

Quiz

Lecture 8

Muscle tissues

Muscle tissue

Classification

Structure , function

characteristic feature

Location of each muscle type

2- cardiac muscles 3- smooth muscles

Nervous tissue.

Function & Composition. Properties. Neurons. Structure.

Summary

Brain storm questions & quiz


Lecture 9

Nervous tissues

Neurons

Structure.

Classification.

Synapse

Structure

Types

Function

Location

Neuroglial cells

different types

Neuroglial cells in PNS (function & structure)

Neuroglial cells in CNS (function & structure)

Formation of myelin sheath.

Formation of myelin sheath in PNS

Formation of myelin sheath in CNS

Summary






Quiz

Summary


Lecture 10

Cardiovascular system…. 1

introduction Main components of the system

Anatomy & Function

Heart ... anatomy, function & histology

Cardiac valves

Cardiac skeleton

Impulse generating & conducting system



Lecture 11


Histolog & function of:-

1. Arteries (elastic, muscular, arterioles)

2. veins (large m small & medium, venules)

3. capillaries (structure, types & location)

Some diseases & disorders related to the system

Summary


Quiz


Lecture 12

Endocrine system…… 1

introduction

Main components of the system

Anatomy & Function

Hypothalamus ( anatomy, function, histology)

Pituitary gland (anatomy, function, histology)

Lobes( anterior & posterior, different cell types in each





lobe and function, hormone secreted by each cell type

Thyroid gland (anatomy, function, histology), different cell

types and function, hormone secreted by each cell type


Lecture 13


parathyroid glands (anatomy, function, histology),

different cell types and function, hormone secreted by

each cell type

pineal gland (anatomy, function, histology), different cell

types and function, hormone secreted by each cell type

adrenal glands (anatomy, function, histology), different

cell types and function, hormone secreted by each cell

type

islets of langerhans (anatomy, function, histology),

different cell types and function, hormone secreted by

each cell type


Summary

Brain storm questions Quiz


Lecture 14

Nervous system….. 1

Peripheral nervous system PNS

Ganglia (types, histology, function)

1. Spinal ganglia

2. Sympathetic ganglia

3. Parasympathetic ganglia

Nerve trunk (histology, function)

Nerve ending ((types, histology, function)

1. Capsulated

2. uncapsulated






Lecture 15

nervous system…… 2

Central nervous system CNS


Anatomy & Function

Brain :- anatomy , function,& histology

Cerebrum & cerebellum

Grey & white mater

Meninges

Spinal cord:- anatomy , function,& histology

Brain stem


Summary



Lecture 16

Gastrointestinal tract GIT ... 1


Anatomy & Function

Oral cavity :- anatomy, histology & function

1. lips,

2. tongue,

3. teeth,

4. salivary glands,

5. pharynx)

Esophagus:-

anatomy,

histology & function

Stomach :-

anatomy ,

histology & function





Lecture 17


1. Small intestine :-

anatomy, histology & function & different types of cells

2. Large intestine :- anatomy, histology & function, different

types of cells)

3. Liver :- anatomy, histology & function

4. Spleen :- anatomy, histology & function


Summary



Lecture 18

Male reproductive system...1

Introduction

a. Main components of the system b. Anatomy , histology & Function

Testes

anatomy

Structure and function of the following:- 1. seminiferous tubules 2. leydigs cells , 3. BBS, 4. intratesticular ducts

Summary



Lecture 19

Male reproductive system...2 1. Epididymis :- anatomy, histology & function 2. Vas deferens :- anatomy, histology & function 3. Ejaculatory ducts :- anatomy, histology & function





4. Urethra :- anatomy, histology & function

5. Penis :- anatomy, histology & function 6. Accessory glands :- anatomy, histology & function


Summary


Lecture 20

female reproductive system...1

introduction


Anatomy & Function

Histology

1. Ovaries

Anatomy , histology & function

ovarian follicles types & structure

ovarian follicles development

ovulation

corpus luteum :- histology & function

corpus albicans :- histology & function

2. fallopian tube :-

anatomy & function

histology

different parts,

characteristics and function of each part


Lecture 21

3. Uterus

anatomy & function

histological structure

Menstrual cycle phases 4. Cervix

Anatomy & function

Histological structure 5. Vagina

Anatomy & function

histological structure





6. Mammary glands

anatomy & function

development

histological structure in each stage of development


Summary


Lecture 22

Skin Introduction


Anatomy & Function

Skin histology

different layers,

different cells and their function

Types :- 1. Thin skin 2. Thick skin

Differences in the histological structure between the 2 types



Lecture 23

Skin Skin Appendages

Hair follicle

Nail

Sebaceous glands

Sweat glands( apocrine and merocrine)


Summary



Lecture 24

Respiratory system…1

Introduction





Anatomy and function

Histological structure of :- 1. Nasal cavity 2. Trachea

Summary


Lecture 25

Respiratory system….2

1. Bronchi 2. Bronchioles 3. Lungs


Summary



Lecture 26

Urinary system 1

Introduction


Histological structure of :-

1. Kidney

2. ureters


Lecture 27

Urinary system 2

1. Histological structure of :- 2. urinary bladder 3. urethra


Summary Brain storm questions Quiz





Lecture 28

Lymphoid (Immune) system 1

Introduction



1. Tonsils

2. Lymph node


Lecture 28


Introduction



1. Thymus

2. Spleen



Quiz


18. Practical Topics (If there is any)

Lab .... 1

Introduction to the histology

Histological preparation (technique)

Different steps


1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem. Diploma

3 hrs

17.9.2019

Lab .... 2

Epithelial tissues

1. Simple epithelia

1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara




a. Simple squamous epithelium b. Simple cuboidal epithelium c. Simple columnar epithelium d. Pseudostratified epithelium

Quiz

abdulKareem. Diploma 3 hrs 24.9.2019

Lab.... 3 2. Stratified epithelia

a. Stratified squamous epithelium b. Stratified cuboidal epithelium c. Stratified columnar epithelium d. transitional epithelium

Quiz

1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem. Diploma 3 hrs 1.10.2019

Lab.... 4 Glands

1. Unicellular glands…. Goblet cell 2. Simple glands

Intestinal gland Gastric gland Seat gland Sebaceous gland

3. Compound glands Sub Lingual Salivary gland pancreas

1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem. Diploma

3 hrs

8.10.2019

Lab.... 5 Connective tissue

Types of Connective Tissues

1- CT proper a. loose (areolar CT) b. Dense regular CT c. Dense irregular CT d. Reticular CT. e. Adipose CT.


3 hrs 15.10.2019

Lab ….6 Specialized CT

Cartilage

Cartilage

1. Hyaline cartilage


3 hrs




2. Elastic cartilage

3. fibrocartilage

22.10.2019

Lab ….7 Specialized CT…

Bone

bone

1. compact bone

2. spongy bone

1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem… Diploma

3 hrs

29.10.2019

Lab.... 8

Specialized CT

Blood

1. RBC s

2. WBC s

3. Reticulocytes


3 hrs

5.11.2019

Lab.... 9

Muscle tissue

1. Skeletal muscle

2. Cardiac muscle

3. Smooth muscle


3 hrs 12.11.2019

Lab.... 10

Nervous tissues 1. Neuron different types & shape 2. Nerve fiber myelinated & unmyelinated 3. synapses


3 hrs

19.11.2019

Lab 11


Histological sections of:- 1. Heart ...





2. Cardiac valves 3. Purkinji fibers

3 hrs

26.11.2019

Lab… 12


Histological structure of:-

1. Arteries (elastic, muscular, arterioles)

2. veins (large m small & medium, venules)

3. capillaries (structure & types )

Quiz

1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem… Diploma 3 hrs

3.12.2019

Lab…. 13


introduction


Anatomy & Function

1. Pituitary gland (anatomy, function, histology), Lobes :-

anterior & posterior, different cell types in each lobe

2. Thyroid gland (anatomy, function, histology), different

cell types and function,


10.12.2019

Lab… 14


1. parathyroid glands

(anatomy, function, histology),

different cell types and function,

2. pineal gland

(anatomy, function, histology), different cell types

and function, hormone secreted by each cell type

3. adrenal glands (anatomy, function, histology),

different cell types and function, hormone secreted

by each cell type

Quiz

1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem… Diploma 3 hrs 17.12.2019

Lab… 15 1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem




Nervous system….. 1

Peripheral nervous system PNS

Ganglia (types, histology, function)

Nerve trunk (histology, function)

Nerve ending ((types, histology, function)

2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem… Diploma 3 hrs 24.12.2019

Lab …. 16

Central nervous system…… 2

Brain :- histology of the following:-

1. Cerebrum

2. cerebellum

3. Grey & white mater

4. Meninges

5. Spinal cord:- anatomy & histology

Quiz


Lab… 17


Histological sections of the following:-

lips,

tongue

salivary glands

Esophagus

Stomach


Lab… 18


1. Small intestine

Histological sections from different parts of

Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem… Diploma




small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum ) and

different cell types

2. Large intestine :- Histological sections from

different parts of large intestine

3. Liver :- Histological sections

4. Spleen :- Histological sections

3 hrs 14.1.2020

Lab… 19


Histological Structure of the following:-

1. Testes 2. seminiferous tubules 3. leydigs cells


Lab… 20


Histological Structure of the following:- 1. Epididymis 2. Vas deferens 3. Seminal vesicle 4. Prostate


Lab… 21



1. Ovaries 2. ovarian follicles types & structure 3. ovarian follicles development 4. corpus luteum 5. corpus albicans 6. fallopian tube :- different parts,


Lab… 22


1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad raswl …MSc 3. Mr. Dara





1. uterus 2. cervix 3. vagina

abdulKareem… Diploma 3 hrs 11.2.2020

Lab… 23

Skin…. 1 Introduction


Skin histology

different layers,

different cells and their function

Types :- 4. Thin skin 5. Thick skin

Differences in the histological structure between the 2 types


Lab… 24

Skin Skin Appendages

Hair follicle

Nail

Sebaceous glands

Sweat glands( apocrine and merocrine)

Quiz


3 hrs

25.2.2020

Lab… 25

Respiratory system…1

Introduction

Histological structure of :- 1. Nasal cavity 2. Trachea

1. Dr. Layla Abdulsattar Kareem 2. Mrs. Eman muhamad …MSc 3. Mr. Dara abdulKareem. Diploma

3 hrs

3.3.2020

Lab… 26

Respiratory system….2

4. Bronchi 5. Bronchioles





6. Lungs

Quiz

3 hrs

10.3.2020

Lab… 27

Urinary system 1

Introduction


Histological structure of :- 1. Kidney

2. ureters


17.3.2020

Lab… 28

Urinary system 2

1. Histological structure of :- 2. urinary bladder 3. urethra

Quiz


3 hrs

24.3.2020

Lab… 29


Introduction

Histological structure of :- 1. Tonsils

2. Lymph node


3 hrs

31.3.2020

Lab… 30


Introduction Histological structure of :-

1. Thymus

2. Spleen Quiz


3 hrs

7.4.2020 19. Examinations: 1. Compositional: Q:- Describe the histological structure of heart




Composed of 4 chambers 2 upper chambers called atria 2 lower chambers called ventricles (The lower two ventricles have much thicker, muscular walls than the upper two atria Each pair of chambers is separated by a septum which is also made mostly of heart muscle, separates the heart's left and right sides Heart wall consist of 3 layers 1- the Endocardium (Inner surfaces) , Lines the heart and Creates the valves 2- the Myocardium (cardiac muscle) is the Major portion of heart. 3- the Epicardium (Outer surfaces ) it’s a protective sac

Endocardium (inner) : is the inner layer & composed of : A- endothelium : simple squamous epithelium B-subendothelium:- consists of

• loose CT, dense CT , some of SMs. , many blood vessels, Purkinje fibers . • Myocardium (middle layer) • composed of Cardiac muscles mainly that arranged in strands, responsible of heart

Contraction • The dense CT ( mainly collagen fibers) replace the cardiac muscles in the region

around the major heart valves formed cardiac skeleton • between the cardiac muscle bundles their is loss CT Which is responsible of

cardiac nourishments Epicardium (outermost layer)

• Its composed of A- sub epicardial layer contains (coronary vessels) nerve & different amount of adipose T. B- Mesothelium: it’s a simple sequamous epithelium cover the outer surface of the heart 2. True or false type of exams: Perineurium wraps small nerve bundle or fascicle in nerve trunk true 3. Multiple choices: Reg Regarding the pars intermedia of pituitary gland, the false answer is:- it’s secretory cells produce antidiuretic hormone ADH mainly composed of basophilic chromophils located between nervosa & distalis its rudimentary in human

20. Extra notes: Student performance in MLT department will be evaluated by a series of exams,

quizzes and attendance. Final grades are determined according to the ratios in the

following：

1. Theory (65%) =

25% mid-term (mid-term exam +quizzes+ attendance+ activity)

40% final exam

2. Practical 35%

15 mid-term (mid-term exam + activity+ copybook)




20 final exam

Activity includes（each lecture gives 2-3 questions concluded from lecture for evaluation of their understanding, to help students judge their learning progress and help identify areas in need of focused attention).

21. Peer review ڵ ی هاوهوهپێداچوونه This course book has to be reviewed and signed by a peer. The peer approves the contents of your course book by writing few sentences in this section. (A peer is person who has enough knowledge about the subject you are teaching, he/she has to be a professor, assistant professor, a lecturer or an expert in the field of your subject).

ند بکات و سهپه کهکانی کۆرسهتهڕۆکی بابهیر بکرێت و ناوهسه وهکادیمیهڵێکی ئهن هاوهیهالبێت لهده م کۆرسبووکهئه

.بکات رسهله و واژووی کهڕۆکی کۆرسهر شیاوی ناوهسهک بنووسێت لهیههشند ووجه .بێتمتر نهمامۆستا که لهی زانستی بیت پلهو ده کهر کۆرسهسهبێت لهزانیاری هه که یهسهو کهڵ ئههاوه

2019/2020 · 2020-01-16 · gastrointestinal tract git ... 1 main components of the system anatomy...

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