20200926 appendices.pages20200911
appendices: I. trading and governance structures These lists include issues to consider:
Trading structures summary These trading structures have varying attributes such as asset locks, stability of rules, oversight, tax liabilities and who is in ultimate control.
1. Trust
3. Charitable Incorporated Organisation (a form of charity)
4. Community Interest Company
7. Public limited company
2,3 and 5 can be charitable. 2,4,5,6 can all be co-operatives or mutuals
A summary of the advantages of each type can be found here :
https://www.unltd.org.uk/uploads/general_images/Legal_structures_table.png
Governance structures decision matrix In most cases how you want to govern can be applied to most of these structures.
Do you want a membership?
Does it want to be in full control or be part of a constituency arrangement with sectoral interests proportionally represented?
Does the management body - board or committee want similar proportional representation of different interests?
Is the board professional or voluntary or both? How is it resourced? Is there a parallel professional executive team?
Are all interests in the operation deemed potentially conflicting or is there a means to ascertain whether they can be elided in a more co-operative or partnership approach?
Decisions on these can only be made once the nature of activities has been at least roughly decided on. If all light touch then much of the management can be done using existing public sector management approaches with contracts with private ventures managed against KPI’s and appropriate sanction or break clauses.
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20200911
II. modelling and pathways The brief was for a pathway to zero carbon by 2038 so in some cases these figures divert from those in the regional pathway report as those do not get to zero.1
These are high level figures using national averages, regional where available. They only assume current technology, it is almost certain that others will become available over the coming years. The assumptions table on the next page sets out some key assumptions and compares carbon emissions for an average property at current average EPC and those of a typical property retrofitted to the 2030 target of EPC of C. The second table sets out assumptions on renewables.
It should be noted that EPC software uses a higher carbon intensity figure than is the current grid average, which causes some discrepancies with future figures. To reduce chance of overestimation we have used the value in the consultation version of SAP10.
For the graphs we have used BEIS figures for average energy consumption and carbon intensity is modelled down to zero by 2038.
The retrofit deployment figures aim to get to 80,000 properties per year in 7-8 years, allowing time for the creation of a sufficiently sized skilled workforce, a multiplication of current manufacturing capacity and development of the other components.
Fig A2.1 shows the modelled CO emissions reduction from retrofit compared to one that reduces the current emissions of housing by 14.5% a year, as shown by the Tyndall Centre to enable the region to keep within its CO budget. So while both meet the zero by 2038 target there is a large divergence in trajectory which will lead to greater total CO emissions over the 18 years. Total CO emissions over the 18 years are around twice those available in the carbon budget if shared equally across sectors, which can be seen from the area under the lines.
The retrofits per year are the same profile in each scenario. Fig A2.2 shows the retrofit trajectory with a rapid deployment of the PV element of the whole house retrofits in advance of the main bulk of demand reduction retrofit work. Fig A2.3 models CO emissions with that advance deployment which goes someway to closing the gap between the two trajectories - from around 18MTCO to just under 6MTCO over the total carbon emissions budget.
For the amount of PV to be viable it needs to be supported with storage. This can be house by house as well as at neighbourhood and utility scale. This enables
www.westyorks-ca.gov.uk/media/4247/tackling-the-climate-emergency-emission-reduction-pathways-report.pdf1
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fig A2.1 modelled CO emissions (Tyndall) against Whole House Retrofit
(WHR)
/A
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
WHR Tyndall
T C
O /A
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Tyndall WHR & accelerated PV + storage
fig A2.2 retrofit trajectory with accelerated PV & storage
in st
al la
tio ns
A
0
40,000
80,000
120,000
160,000
200,000
years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
annual whole house retrofits PV & storage deployments
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further incomes as well as CO savings to be derived from in house demand shifting and peak energy sales, while also contributing to Demand Side Reduction (DSR) and Frequency Response services at the larger scale. A conservative view has been taken of related CO savings; further research is required as these could be higher.
Solar Panels capacity check It is beyond the scope of this report but as the solar PV outputs are crucial to the viability of the modelling, an exercise was carried out to check that there would be enough space to put the total amount of solar panels suggested. Rooftops were measured for three typical residential areas in the region, detailed in the table below. The conclusion is that for most of the homes it would be possible to fit enough solar panels but other rooftops would have to be used, such as public buildings or offices, with delivery vehicles developed to enable this. The modelling does not include additional free standing structures purpose built for PV, leading us to conclude that the total solar panels figure used in the main model is feasible.
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emissions assumptions
total properties 960,000 starting years multiplier 3 average property size 76 m²
target EPC: C 30 kgCO/m²/A
equivalent regulated annual emissions
equivalent regulated annual emissions
saving per property 1,748 kgCO/A 43% of current ave
saving across region’s housing: 1,678,080 TCO /A
average units used (BEIS 12.19) gas
13000 kWh/A
0.84 TCO /A
UK average total energy CO inc unregulated emissions
3.55 TCO /A post retfrofit energy use (electricity) 5100 kWh target annual emissions reduction (Tyndall et al) 15%
gas carbon intensity 0.208 kgCO/kWh
electricity carbon intensity (SAP 10) 0.233 kgCO/kWh high carbon intensity (elexon) 0.285 kgCO/kWh low carbon intensity (elexon) 0.09 84%
renewables
average annual yield/kW SE-SW 850 kWh/kW/A
total annual yield on SE-SW facing roof
4,250 kWh/A carbon saved per SE-SW installation 0.99 TCO/A properties with SE-SW facing roof 40% 384,000 annual emissions saving of SE<>SW roofs
380,256 TCO/A
786.25 total annual yield on E or W facing roof (15% less)
3,613 kWh/kW/A carbon saved per E or W installation 0.84 TCO/A
properties with E or W facing roof 40% 384,000 323,218 TCO/A
properties not suitable for PV 20% 192,000
average PV yield across all properties 3,145 domestic PV total CO savings 703,474
average PV install per home 3.7 average CO saving per property 0.73 TCO/A
average storage peak sales 8 kWh/day
2,920 kWh/A CO saving from peak demand shifting (high to low intensity sales)
0.57 TCO/A
storage CO savings 0.85 TCO/A
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3 corkland road, manchester, m21 8up | tel: 07976 793 795 |e-mail:
this drawing is the copyright of the designer and must not be reproduced or used without written permission
project: drawing:
@red.coop | www:red.coop
density analysis
outbuildings 203 sq.m.
number of dwellings: 60
number of dwellings: 72
3 corkland road, manchester, m21 8up | tel: 07976 793 795 |e-mail:
this drawing is the copyright of the designer and must not be reproduced or used without written permission
project: drawing:
@red.coop | www:red.coop
density analysis
outbuildings 203 sq.m.
number of dwellings: 60
number of dwellings: 72
3 corkland road, manchester, m21 8up | tel: 07976 793 795 |e-mail:
this drawing is the copyright of the designer and must not be reproduced or used without written permission
project: drawing:
@red.coop | www:red.coop
density analysis
outbuildings 203 sq.m.
number of dwellings: 60
number of dwellings: 72
panel size 1.70 1.02 1.73 m²
power output 350 W area of panels required for power required (above) 24.76 m² area of panels across the region 1,902 ha High density build area /ha 3,296 m² no of dwellings 72
45.8 m²/home Medium density built area /ha 2587 m² no of dwellings 60
43.1 m²/home Low density built area /ha 1547 m² outbuildings 203 m² no of dwellings 30
58.3 m²/home average plan rooftop per house 49.1 multiplier for 34º roofpitch 1.2 potential PV available area (assume 50%) 29.2 m² if all West Yorks were houses: 2,803 ha proportion of rooftops required 67.84% proportion of flats potentially total domestic roof area 4,711 ha all homes are not houses, high level check: area of england 13,000,000 ha built on 9%
1,144,000 ha population number of homes in England 23,900,000 WYCA as proportion of those 4.12% WYCA population 2,252,300 English population 66,650,000
3.38% rough estimate of built up area if WYCA 42,904 ha area of rooftop required for outputs used: 4.43%
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III. retrofit measures - getting to EPCs C & A The level of retrofit needed has a fundamental effect on the model proposed to deliver it.
Getting a house to a C involves works like:
• loft top up to 250mm
• draught strips on windows and external doors
• double glazing
• boiler change
• wall insulation - most easily filled cavities have been insulated so this is either internal or external wall insulation, but the demand reductions required to get to C mean this is usually 60-90mm of EPS
There is a perception that these measures pose few risks to the property so schemes are often carried out with no design. This has meant that measures can go straight to contractors and have tended to be assessed by numbers installed rather than the effect on the property.
PAS2035 requires retrofits are designed and assessed for risk. This makes the paradigm shift to whole house retrofit easier as it assists in making it look more worthwhile to those sceptical.
Getting a house to above A
achieving net zero carbon involves a whole house retrofit, typical works include:
• loft top up to 400mm
• airtightness works
• air source heat pump
• wall insulation to achieve near double the performance of getting to C, with cold bridges addressed
• floor insulation
• managed ventilation
• solar panels and energy storage
This kind of suite of measures needs to be properly designed. While much can be standardised, a level of expertise is needed to identify what can be the subject of a standard solution, and which. Contractors need to understand new principles such as air-tightness ad cold bridges which have a much larger effect as energy demand reduces.
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retrofit performance targets
current space heating (calc) 10,800 kWh/A 142 kWh/m².A current DHW (SAP) 2,200 kWh/A
retrofit space heating target 30 kWh/m².A 79% reduction retrofit DHW target 10% reduction
annual space heating demand 2,280 kWh/A annual DHW 1,980 kWh/A
ASHP heating & hot water heat SPF 4 570 kWh/A DHW SPF 2 990 kWh/A
assumed other electricity use 3,618 kWh/A total energy use 5,178 kWh/A
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The needs of whole house fit into the PAS2035 model and more standardised data should be forthcoming making assessment of progress against target across the region easier to achieve along with the concomitant planning that can go with it.
Getting from C to A Retrofits planned to achieve an EPC of C need to be designed in such a way that a further visit can take place that take the property to the longer term target.
If double glazing, thin wall insulation and a new gas boiler are fitted to meet the EPC target, these would have to removed and replaced with triple glazing, higher performance wall insulation and an air source heat pump to get to zero carbon : this would be a huge waste of money and effort and would probably mean that property is stuck at EPC C for a decade or more until things start to need replacing.
Achieving good air-tightness and cold bridging requires attention to every feasible junction in the property. Retrofits fail to meet expected energy use reductions if cold air is leaking around the edge of every area of work. The junctions are much more accessible while retrofit are taking place, so this work would be better carried out in the first visit taking properties to C. Given the difference in trades this may be difficult.
Whole House Plans prepared for homes now should be done with the higher performance target in mind. If the work budget is less than the total cost, measures can be chosen which minimise abortive work or costly extra visits : “No Regrets measures”.
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20200911
IV. skills matrix The diagrams below show retrofit tasks, initially listed by building element then mapped onto existing familiar trade categories. This shows that most retrofit tasks can be done within the trades already in existence.
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EWI
IWI
under oor vent extensions
las erin
roo n
lum in
w i rade
we choose to retrofit in this decade and do the other things not because they are easy...
retro t tasks arra e tra e
roof
walls
under oor vent extensions
skirtings, picture rails, cornice
retro t tasks arranged by building ele ent
SCALING UP BETTER HOMES YORKSHIRE
Workshop summary 5 October 2020
Breakout #1 Retrofit Hub The group did not disagree with the recommendations, but they did suggest areas for more attention. For example:
a) Experience of local delivery varied across the Leeds City Region and partnerships were felt to work better for the larger metropolitan areas, particularly where large stockholders can exert leverage.
b) Lots of information in report bit overwhelming 3 different markets, owner occupiers very dispersed so how can they be reached?
c) Behaviour change is important and needs to be seen not only from home- owners viewpoint, but also from those they most interact with for example banks, small builders and merchants.
d) Suggest a one stop shop approach that includes finance options and ensure the means motive and opportunity are considered for every referral.
e) The report talks about customer journey and one stop shop models, the recommendations will not directly progress provision of trusted advice and support. Does this approach need to be more explicit?
f) Suggestion to talk to the CAB and Warmworks (Scotland) about providing hub advice.
g) The latter Hub model exists in Scotland though the EST advice centre model. The customer journey process is triaged from national to local, sign posting customers to LA schemes and EST loans & finance. This could be adopted at English regional level
h) The additional costs of design monitoring communication need to be considered. Is the Hub picking up these costs?
i) How detailed should data be? It needs to be included in business model. The on-costs can be expensive so collecting data needs to get cheaper. E.g. heat meter costs a lot of money.
The group did not openly disagree with the recommendations therefore the Community of Interest will need to address the above if they are to implement a successful Retrofit Hub model.
Breakout #2 ways of paying for retrofit The group were not fully convinced that provision of low-cost loans would be enough to persuade homeowners to retrofit their homes. The overwhelming sense from the group was that a regional loan fund wouldn’t work. However, they did agree that low interest rates would be important, while they added that perception of what is low is will differ. They cited that in Germany you can borrow at 1% whereas in UK it can be 10%.
Sarah Hughes
Appendix V : Workshop Summary
There was general agreement for more regulation for example, Government action on EPC standards as well as (local?) incentives. However the group did not specify a who they might apply to, or thorough what mechanisms.
They suggested that borrowing need to be flexible; between 5 and 20 years depending on the customers. Therefore, the capital must be patient. Also need funding products that address the imbalance between the length of loans and the average length of home ownership.
The group thought that those who are able could borrow more cheaply, perhaps up to £20,000. Yet they agreed that such propositions compete with other priorities for their borrowing such as kitchens and bathrooms. Whereas they thought that those unable to borrow would need a grant.
They suggested that loans will not be suitable for the most vulnerable occupants with limited income. Experience of offering interest free loans for energy efficiency improvements and had a very low take up from Local Authorities. Whereas, equity- based loans have a greater take up, although there remain barriers for vulnerable people.
Not all local authorities favoured provision of equity-based lending and secured loans. It was suggested that financial decisions like this will be sensitive to Local Authority budgets and the level of debt. If they require use of public loan board, then they might need a way to take the debt off the books/ balance sheet. They also reflected that State Aid is a key consideration for them. There was however agreement that private funds were important including Municipal Bonds to capitalise the loan fund.
In general, the group thought that more support was needed to support the private rented sector.
The corresponding need to educate people about the benefits, particularly the effect on health, of doing the work and how a loan would work was highlighted. Especially as the length of time with limited early benefits will put off people if there is nothing in it for them.
There was a reflection that options should be equitable and accessible to all sections of society not just middle-class able to pay.
Additional revenues
There was support for community solar and battery solutions to deliver local benefits and use of local renewable energy. But the group thought that Individual houses don’t stack up socially, politically, economically or from an efficiency perspective. There were also concerned about the environmental sustainability of supply chains.
There was some scepticism on the accessibility and scalability of the aggregation model owing to the early stages of this market. And confusion over precisely who will be accessing the revenues and how they would assist with the loan arrangements.
Breakout #3 Pipeline • Broadly agreed with the recommendations. • Suggested we should engage with the DNO as their views should be reflected
on and integrated at an early stage. Particularly with the challenges faced with scaling up on the number of property owners to engage with.
• Prioritisation of the recommendations and the need to try and understand which would make the greatest progress as quickly as possible to help make the scaling up easier eg have a retrofit structure that enabled all the players to communicate effectively, and set regional quality standards that can then de- risk the availability of finance
• Concern around the need for proper software for DPS. Should not underestimate/ emphasise the scale of software needed that would encourage software providers involvement. We should utilise existing infrastructure
• Key point was to establish the community of interest, share knowledge and facilitate.
• Sometimes larger companies are more ideally placed to carry out the works and other times smaller businesses
• needed to be more flexibility in the approach adopted. For example sometimes larger companies are more ideally placed to carry out the works and other times smaller businesses - different area may need different approaches eg in certain circumstances a large contractor or social housing provided could be ideal to deliver. In other smaller scale projects the delivery may require a more bespoke approach around coercion and coalition working, quality assurance arrangements and financing to support SMEs on the learning curve.
• Need to be clearer on how to fund projects without government assistance – what else is available and replicable nationally?
Breakout #4 Workforce and skills There were no objections to the recommendation but guidance on principals for training and the necessary provisions were put forward.
For example, in terms of the courses, students must have the clear line of sight to jobs. Moreover, they suggested that the training must be worthwhile in terms of workers own finances and the route for career progression.
They identified need for skilled trainers and how difficult it could be to recruit the specialists. They pointed the need for facilities and capacity to provide the courses.
The group simultaneously thought that industry was over-reliant on knowledge of the manufacturers, while suggesting they were a key driver of quality installations.
The group suggested additional training needs for families and occupants so they can adapt to retrofit measures and adjust their behaviour.
V full component list subject components outcome and notes local federal national trusted
offer building the market
a consistent independent advice
trust, better data, greater certainty London Renew Phase 3, Kirklees Warm Zone, Wates Birmingham programme,
b knowledge of status of every home
monitoring of progress, planning of responses Crohm/Parity Projects,
c market intelligence greater certainty & clarity CSE Futureproof, Clean Energy Works Oregon evaluating retrofit triggers, market segmentation, other drivers
Energy Systems Catapult guidance, NEF showhomes (Superhomes), Green Deal Communities report (GM) not done well yet? gap?
d show homes enable potential customers to see what they’re being offered, meet real life occupants, enable detailed montoring
Superhome Network, CSE Open Green Homes
2 assessment & calculation
a accurate whole house assessment
the performance gap needs to closed PHPP, Crohm Live, SAP engines - (not EPC) Green Deal Go Early,
b cost benefit to property owners/occupant/public purse
property owners are paying, they need to know the outcome (asset value, energy costs), social value also is/will be part of public funding e.g. public health, etc
Green Deal, Social housing programmes (London Social Housing Survey), UKGBC report,
c accurate costing works cost effectiveness Retrofit Works, procurement frameworks, databases
3 monitoring & data
monitoring of energy use, building fabric & indoor climate, identify problems quickly
Saving Energy at Home Programme (Greece) , Picardie Pass Rénovation, quantitiative and qualitative - Green Deal for Communities; PAS 2035 requirements; Green Dr; . Energiesprong; (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/ uploads/attachment_data/file/657766/ Leeds_Core_Cities_Green_Deal_Final_Report.pdf
b identify & quantify best practice
speeds up the identification & dissemination of best practice CoRE/CoRE Fellows
c user feedback optimise working methods, retain trust Green Deal Communities GM, Retrofit for the Future, d contractor feedback identify methods that work, accelerate
innovation Retrofit Works; Warmworks Scotland; SHAP, Cosy Homes Oxford
e data repository to enable the above Trustmark PAS2035 cert; Retrofit for the Future - Low Carbon Homes database/AECB
4 IT & software a interoperable software development
to enable on-costs to be reduced, accuracy to be improved without relying on a single platform
Parity Projects range of tools
b mass customisation every home is different, as are its occupants, there is no 1 size fits all Energiesprong, MTC; automotive mass customisation
c site management nature of retrofit does not support onsite management but it is still needed
Retrofit coordinators/ employers agent suported by just in time delivery software etc https://retrofit.innovateuk.org/documents/ 1524978/2138994/Retrofit+Revealed+- +The+Retrofit+for+the+Future+projects+-+data+analysis+report/ 280c0c45-57cc-4e75-b020-98052304f002. Lessons from large installers on flow of materials and products and getting them to site.
d on site works remote monitoring
greater site efficiency/reliability Refurbify; automotive engine management systems; Italian railway engineering offer remote monitoring https://www.railtech- innovations.co.uk/services/remote-track-monitoring/
5 specification & detailing
a specification improvement
reliable specification, made widely available as there is no time for market forces to make this happen
b retrofit pattern book a means of delivering better design & disseminating it Retrofit Pattern Book, Buid Upon, Greenspec, passipedia.org,
6 contracting & guarantees
a contract models sub-contract chains, reduce adversarial variation issues
WarmWorks Scotland; Bulding Schools for the Future; Northumbrian water partnering
b warranties customers need to know where to go in the event of failure Energiesprong NL
c performance guarantee stimulate innovation Energiesprong NL d quality control improves performance, reduces cost,
increases confidence PAS2035 + mechanisms
7 revenue stack
a roof top PV delivers rapid CO savings, can improve viability Low Carbon West Oxford
b domestic or street scale energy storage
assists improving reliability of renewable energy Igloo Nottingham Trent Basin
c energy production & storage aggregation
energy market participation to create revenue Homes as Energy Systems
d carbon sales? is there a place for engaging in the carbon markets
e rented housing cost recovery methods service charges
energiesprong
ESCo ?
redirection of existing budgets energiesprong
Greed Deal Mechanism
possible differential shareholdings & levels of return Bankers without Boundaries/Climate CIC
public sector borrowing public sector foundation to build trust & accountability BES, Salix
crowdfunding smaller investors from the wider community BHESCo, Low Carbon West Oxford, institutions once the model is proved & costs reduced L&Q Bond issue
b policy driven lending enables delivery of other objectives HELP Loans, BES, able to pay granting loans to this market creates
stability of lending Ecology Building Society mortgages, Picardie Pass Rénovation, Clean Energy Works Oregon, KfW Bank Germany
no asset cover unsecured lending is possible as part of wider portfolio
Salford Home improvement and assistance Equity share loan programme
fuel poor equity lending cost can enabled as part of the portfolio local authoritites eg Walsall Council, Kirklees, Warmer Homes
c multiple bottom lines on surpluses
creates responsive independent finance in the longer term Abundance municipal bonds
9 scalability a develop delivery infrastruture
frameworks for different scales of delivery & parts of the market
b demonstrators to increase scale
contractor engagement Homes as Energy Systems, Warmer Homes London,
c competitions increase PR profile & stimulate innovation Retrofit for the Future, d pipeline development landlord engagement, contractors & supply
chain certainty so stimulates investment
e supply chain development
between new & existing delivery infrastructure
materials frameworks can supply new delivery vehicles developing merchant supply chains as well as new delivery ones
10 workforce development & skills
upskilling, toolbox talks, on the job training, reskilling
Retrofit Coordinator, Heat Pump and boiler manufacturers Ecological Building Systems B4Box, Soar Sheffield, Back to Earth Build Back Better
b training provision study possible new bespoke training centres Warm Front, Retrofit Works, B4Box c awareness raising recruit participants targetted recruitment, WYCA skills, Jericho (Birmingham) d schools introductions recruit future workforce from wider sectors
of society https://www.classofyourown.com
f college & university engagement
wider variety of access & skills depth options Look at GMCA Retrofit Accelerator / Wendy Osborne WY equivalent
g DLO & TU engagement multiple bottom lines may more easily enable training
TUC I million jobs campaign
h industry participation skills identification & development
f Work with local authorities on their COVID recovery plans
enable a co-ordinated approach to reskilling and long term job creation
enablers
promote takeup & behaviour change
b personal retrofit investment fund
enabling the income from the installation to be set aside without being obviously outside the customers control it may make early deployment more successful without reducing future fabric works
Portuguese Housing co-operatives
c letting agents get agents to advertise properties with total cost of occupation create a new best practice letting agent Manchester Student Homes sustainable housing label
d RMI property maintenance to go with retrofit to make it more attractive and offer possible long term cost recovery route or contractor incentive to do a better job
partly Energiesprong, partly Alice Owen’s research?
e MEES
h equity lending to private landlords
project name type of project project description customer journey delivery partnership and structure business model and procurement governance aims period of operation
progress to date location/area of operation
project lead project partners
retrofit: promotion, development, design, works on site. or other
more detail on what the project involves on the ground achievements as opposed to the the aims
where it's based and the area over which it operates now and in the future
who is leading it who is funding it, is it subsidised, if so by who
possible lessons or relevant components for BHY
Warm front funding stream programme designed to help vulnerable households, inc. fuel poverty, to benefit from energy efficiency improvements such as home heating and loft insulation measures. From April 2011, the eligibility criteria were tightened to target the most vulnerable households and those living in the more poorly heated and insulated homes.
Warm Front Scheme package of insulation and heating improvements up to the value of £3,500 (or £6,000 for oil /low carbon/ renewable technologies) Process • Step 1 Qualification receipt of certain benefits • Step 2 Assessment Technical Surveyors/Assessors will visit and suggest improvements • Step 3 Installation Fully- trained installers make required improvements • Step 4 Quality Check of installers' work- confidence in the the service.
Responsive workforce training system, quality monitoring
Government funded, managed by managed by Carillion Energy Services
Delivery Advisory Board (DAB) and Fuel Poverty Advisory Group (FPAG)
To make homes makes homes warmer, healthier and more energy-efficient.
2000-2012 2.3 million households assisted, growth of supply chain
England Government EAGA Following the October 2010 Spending Review, the funds available for Warm Front were reduced from £345 million in 2010/11 to £110 million in 2011/12 and £100 million in 2012/13.
Need very clear identification of objectives and therefore eligibility criteria
https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/ research-briefings/sn06231/ http:// www.warmfront.co.uk/
CERT/CESP funding stream simple measures installed at low/no cost free measures supplied to qualifying customers (low income priority) including direct offer to homeowners and supply via RSLs - local authority promoted schemes were successful, subsidised DIY installs through large chains. Partner installers actively sold measures to customers.
Energy companies used partner installers to promote/deliver measures, local authorities/ energy advice centres/retailers also promoted schemes,
Payments from energy companies for completed installations BUT 14% of monitored installations had technical issues. Set up expectations that insulation should be free or cheap.
DECC requirement for energy companies to deliver savings
312.25 mt lifetime carbon savings 2008-2012 CERT target exceeded, CESP achieved 85% of target. 70,000 fuel switch to gas, 5,000 heat pumps, 39,700 solid wall insulation, 2m loft insulation, 297m light bulbs
UK DECC Energy Companies
from energy bills KEY QUOTE : "We get higher take- up rates on all council-backed schemes " p38 see link
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/48208/3339- evaluation-of-the-delivery-and-uptake- of-the-carbo.pdf
Green Deal Go Early pilot significant investment in a largescale programme framework with strong consumer protect and incentive funding
SHUSU research :a set of interviews with householders to investigate their motivations for participating, their experiences of the retrofit works being carried out, and the ways in which the refurbished home has impacted upon factors such as their comfort levels, the size of their utility bills and wider factors such as health and quality of life.
tested delivery at scale on a street basis with RPs, and an interest free loan for home owners
council funding via one community based organisation and social landlords
council led test green deal elements including supply chain engagement, consumer engagement, technical success of measures
2014 1316 tonnes CO2 pa saved, £337,000 bill reductions, 502 green deal assessments, 482 solid walls insulationed, 146 new boilers, 83 interest free loans, 525 social rented homes improved
GM DECC In GM 1/3 DECC, 1/3 ECO, 1/3 contributions from households through interest free loans and social landlords
Green Deal for Communities scaled up pilot £20 million of capital funding was available for Green Deal street/area based proposals. 5,500 Green Deal Plans, to over 7,000 households.
some success factors that should be built up but also lessons learnt including short term, March deadlines, no follow up activity/funding
Council managed, using limited approved contractor list to carry out works
Green Deal framework procured by council - contractors selected on basis of costs for standard EWI measure the allocated work zones
council/ combined authority led pilots to test approaches and build capacity/ stimulate retrofit across a number of local authorities
2015 delivered large number of installations but some had severe quality issues
DECC / household contributions
Green Deal national significant investment in a largescale programme framework with strong consumer protect and incentive funding
framework of accredited assessors and installers to increase trust in retrofit, finance offer repaid via utility bills, costs could not exceed bill savings
national register of assessors and installers who had completed competence assessments
assessors to sell surveys and calculate savings, householder to then find a green deal installer to do the work
DECC procured Green Deal Oversight and Registration body
Green Deal replaced CERT, CESP, and Warm Front and ended the use of taxpayer-funds for energy efficient measures as all energy customers pay for the Green Deal through their energy bills.
2012-15 Less than 1% of qualifying works were funded using this loan scheme - too expensive
UK DECC loans available not taken up - households funded from savings/other loans
“Green Deal and Energy Company Obligation “ National Audit Office 2016
CSE / Futureproof Able to pay retrofit promotion Advice for home owners on retrofit inc whole house surveys, contractor list and post works quality checks, on site peer to peer training for contractors,
Advice for home owners on retrofit inc whole house surveys, contractor list and post works quality checks, on site peer to peer training for contractors. Includes a focus on triggers eg extensions
energy saving advice charity with construction training organisation
BEIS funded pilot a long-term initiative that aims to accelerate the local demand and supply-chains for low carbon retrofit throughout the West of England, so that this kind of work can become the straightforward, natural choice for any building work done on our homes.
from 2019 West of England CSE (charity 40yrs energy advice)
CSE (charity 40yrs energy advice), Green Register (training)
BEIS https://www.gov.uk/government/ publications/energy-efficiency- improvement-rates-local-supply-chain- demonstration-projects/local-supply- chain-demonstration-projects- summaries also http:// www.futureproof.uk.net
wide ranging campaign group + renewables
Sells power generated from micro-renewables to the local community and excess power to the grid. Profits raised are reinvested in low carbon projects in the community
network of members and volunteers contact potential customers for installations
community- owned Industrial and Provident Society
highly grant dependent IPS with community shareholders, run by member trustees
increasing renewable energy supply, reducing carbon emissions
2007 - £900k in 2009 from DECC/NESTA funded solar panels, wind turbine, small hydro - which now funds wider campaiging for carbon emissions reduction
funded by two separate grants won through government- funded competitions, and a share issue
income from renewables funds ongoing work
Old Superhome Network Retrofit promotion Network to encourage deeper retrofit through providing local examples, open home days
owner occupiers who have carried out substantial retrofit work can join - to promote to others locally through open house events
NEF self funded Inspiring people to retrofit their homes From 2007 200+ Superhomes, 70,000 visitors, visitors reported increased insulation spend plans
UK National Energy Foundation
small grants http://www.nef.org.uk/knowledge-hub/ energy-in-the-home/superhomes
Cosy Homes Oxfordshire Able to pay retrofit delivery one stop shop for retrofit - assured quality, value for money and excellent customer service - with whole house/zero carbon aim
offers energy assessment, quote gathering, works inspections
Low Carbon Hub + National Energy Foundation + Retrofit Works
BEIS funded pilot - strong offer to contractors : motivated customers who already have a plan with high quality specification, clear fair tendering process.
promoted to householders and landlords pilot april 2019 - march 2021
100+ homes signed up Oxfordshire Low Carbon Hub Low Carbon Hub, the National Energy Foundation and RetrofitWorks. Pilot with 5 community groups
BEIS remote assessment £75, visit + plan £175
https://cosyhomesoxfordshire.org
Warmer Sussex Able to pay retrofit delivery Householder expresses interest - retrofit co- ordinator visits to discuss - RC get quotes - hh chooses measuers - RC oversees work
offers energy assessment, quote gathering, works inspections
network of vetted local tradespeople BEIS funded pilot Retrofit Works BHESCo Retrofit Works Citizens Advice Hastings and Hastings Borough Council
BEIS https://www.warmersussex.co.uk
Radian Homes RP retrofit programme
RP retrofit programme for 16000 homes Good policies on not locking carbon in - doing the whole job first time so no thin insulation, funded from maintenance budget,
Direct labour, funded own training programmes, trialled innovative solutions (aerogel floors, heat pumps) - interesting cost analysis (E to low C £9000 with EWI only but E to A £42,000)
RP investment in own stock & labour force Direct labour Board of RP 1996-2011 report, (Ashden Award
winner)
11,600 cavity walls, 12,100 lofts. 200 solid-walled EWI. 11,800 double glazing. 12,000 condensing boilers, 435 kWp of solar PV, 115 solar hot water systems, 232 heat pumps installed. CO2 emissions -34,000 tonnes/year (34%) since 1996 43,750 residents with reduced fuel bills/improved comfort
Radian Homes Radian Homes Radian Homes Paul Ciniglio Sustainability Manager - now maybe at Boulter Mossman tel. 01730 266722 https:// bm3e.co.uk/about/
see Ashden report in reference file
People Powered Retrofit end to end retrofit service to able to pay households
end-to-end retrofit service includes advice, a My Home Energy Planner assessment, Retrofit Co- ordination to assist householders in procuring contractors and carrying out Quality Assurance.
limitations of community activity & focus on early adopters not creating a mass market
membership co-operative none - advice service only unblocking barriers to home owners arranging their own retrofits through advice, contractor events
2019-ongoing pilot with very few projects started Greater Manchester / NW
Carbon Co-op URBED, Arc4, CAFS, Quantum, ENW
https://cc-site- media.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/ 2019/01/PPR-Report-June-2019.pdf
Warmer Homes (London) grant funded works on site £4.6m programme, up to £4k per house if eligible Qualifying benefits - heating and insulation improvements
Retrofit Works delivery work done by multistakeholder co-operative including project promoters and contractors
Homes as Energy Systems business model development > works on site
20 homes retrofitted as near to net zero as possible for £50 budget, 50% of which is grant
120+ applicants from local news / social media articles, chosen to create a mix of property types / income levels / health issues
contractor framework procurement, savings/ income model,
Led by Procure Plus, partners with Retrofit Works for private homes
demonstrate feasibility of budget, solar storage to generate income
2019-2023 house assessments started, contractors procured
Greater Manchester
ERDF
GM Retrofit Accelerator promotion > catalyst 60,000 retrofits a year asap 2020-
Better Homes Yorkshire Framework to to contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions and fuel poverty in this ground breaking initiative across Leeds City Region and make the homes of Yorkshire healthier, warmer and more energy efficient places to live. Working to reduce customer’s energy bills and this combined with Decent Homes experience will benefit householders across the Leeds City Region. This programme will also bring job, apprenticeship and training opportunities for local people."
The Better Homes partnership have also been working with Construction & Housing Yorkshire (CHY) to ensure that the contracted works create local employment, generate skills and provide local businesses with supply chain opportunities. Through CHY and the Green Deal Communities Fund, local businesses have the opportunity to gain PAS2030 accreditation and join Better Homes Yorkshire's supply chain.
criteria on customer journey time and quality Leeds City Region partnership framewok with WYCA . The Better Homes partnership have also been working with Construction & Housing Yorkshire (CHY) to ensure that the contracted works create local employment, generate skills and provide local businesses with supply chain opportunities. Through CHY and the Green Deal Communities Fund, local businesses have the opportunity to gain PAS2030 accreditation and join Better Homes Yorkshire's supply chain.
framework to delivery publicy funded works in Leeds City Region. Private owner and private rented sector offer with £1500/£1000 contribution required. Loans facility available.
Better Homes Yorkshire is a joint programme managed by the West Yorkshire Combined Authority and Leeds City Region Enterprise Partnership (The LEP).
high quality energy efficiency retrofit Better Homes Yorkshire is open to homeowners, private tenants and landlords in the Leeds City Region. Participating councils include: Leeds, Bradford, Kirklees, Calderdale, Barnsley, Wakefield, York, Craven, Harrogate and Selby.
Energiesprong methodology finance model to support long term ROI; cost of energy centre unit produced by Factory Zero has halved , should have performance guarantee in there
https://energiesprong.org/
to make Rugeley net zero Rugeley, Staffordshire
London Retrofit Accelerator business model, supply chain and pipeline social housing
towards zero carbon - build supply chain - move to whole house - 1600 retrofits 3 yrs - £3.6m (so £2250 per retrofit)
Not yet clear Fairly large programme, built on previous work, correct elements, example of single contractor model (check)
London boroughs / housing associations to develop energy efficiency projects at scale with technical / commercial solutions. Get started on 1,600 whole-house retrofits in three years. Create a market for the low carbon and environmental goods and services sector, creating new, high-skilled jobs. Save over 4,000 tonnes of CO2 a year. Unlock funding and low-cost finance for energy efficiency projects. Tackle fuel poverty
Start Feb 2020 for 3 years (but based on Re:Fit started
2009)
Good progress finding homes, expected to announce finance package soon (Mayors website) - expected to start with 1,000 fully funded retrofits
Greater London Mayor of London global professional services company Turner & Townsend (Leeds based), Energiesprong UK, PA Consulting,Carbo n Trust
50:50 GLA / ERDF
T&T also delivering workplace programme, £100m investment delivered over last 10 years,
Contact Maybe Richard McWilliams, director of programme advisory at Turner & Townsend
https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/ environment/energy/retrofit-accelerator- homes
Connexus Warmer Homes ERDF
Business case innovation for retrofit business case for 30 year pathway to Enerphit To develop a finance model and business case for 30 year investment programme to reach Enerphit for social housing stock
2019 - 2021 underway Marches (rural LEP)
Connexus MHCLG, Connexus, Marches Energy Agency
ERDF grant finance model and business case for long term investment pathway to near net zero
https://connexus-group.co.uk/news/ connexus-warmer-homes- project#:~:text=Regional%20Developme nt%20Fund-,The%20Connexus%20War mer%20Homes%20project%20is%20pa rt%2Dfunded%20by%20the,and%20Shr opshire%20more%20energy%20efficien t.
Accord Sustainable Retrofit and Smart grids
innovation in retrofit - fabric and technologies plus customer reception of retrofit and customer behaviour in use
Appendix VII : Research database
Wates Birmingham programme includes supply chain stats scale - maintaining 500,000 homes a year and investing in the communities where they work. dedicated team of highly trained operatives and Resident Liaison Officers. They bring a wealth of local knowledge and expertise and ensure that the needs of each resident are at the heart of everything we do.
Wates Living Space is one of the UKs leading providers of planned and responsive maintenance services in the social housing sector, maintaining over 500,000 homes nationwide every year.
https://www.wates.co.uk/articles/news/ birmingham-contribution-report/ https:// www.wates.co.uk/services/housing- maintenance/
Warm Up Bristol failed retrofit programme 2014-2017 poor quality work complaints, first and second contractors both went out of business
Bristol £7m Green Deal funding
Scotland Home Energy Efficiency Programmes
Loan scheme + impartial advice service Loan scheme £15k energy efficiency + £17500 renewables
interest free loan repaid over 10 years - 40 measures available, whole house approach
regional delivery through Warmworks since 2013 In 2017/18 15,500 households were assisted in 2017/18 27,734 energy efficiency measures installed Annual CO2 savings of 17,200 tonnes and fuel bill savings of over £4.6 million Lifetime CO2 savings of 401,000 tonnes and fuel bill savings of approximately £129.8 million
https://www.gov.scot/publications/home- energy-efficiency-programmes-scotland- delivery-report-2017-18/
London re:new Phase 1/2 engaging households all tenures on streets: energy / water saving advice, install free measures (low energy light bulbs). also check whether other measures (loft, cavity/solid wall insulation) applicable & eligible for funding (CERT, Warm Front, local grants)
London re:new Phase 3 Retrofit service expert team + OJEU compliant framework of suppliers - stock analysis, maintenance/repairs budgets repurposing, investment modelling & feasibility studies,
quality advice component for derisking projects, supplier framework for procurement of large projects - BUT achieved less than planned, partly national policy reasons inc RP finance constraints & green funding changes, concerns about capacity, framework not greatly used - not working with private homes
reducing carbon emissions and energy bills in London’s homes - primarily by working with London boroughs, housing associations, and universities
Re:New 2009 - 2019
Jan 2017, helped improve over 127,500 homes, saving 46,000 tonnes of CO2pa. With wider market delivery, over the whole programme over 593,000 homes in London have been retrofitted.
Greater London Mayor of London GLA Housing and Land Directorate - project delivery Capita - Sponsors Board overseeing programme delivery
Phase three of the RE:NEW programme has a total budget of £2.8m, comprising £2.52m from the European Investment Bank (EIB) ELENA fund and £0.28m from the GLA
mostly RPs/councils - not private homes. Failed to meet GLA target for number of retrofits (which was high assuming FIT/ECO/Green Deal would work)
https://www.london.gov.uk/what-we-do/ environment/energy/renew-0 https:// www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/ renew_evaluation_-_final_report.pdf
Arbed 1 and 2 RSL regen focus focused on ‘whole-house’ thinking and tried to work on a community/street basis to provide social benefits and to drive down unit costs
in this programme cannot meet 2050 targets and will have to be removed and replaced in the future. Deep retrofitting requires a whole-house strategy from the beginning.
main interventions being solid wall insulation, PV, solar thermal, heat pumps and fuel switching - raise the EPC rating from F to C
2009 - 2015 6000 homes were retrofitted, with the main interventions being solid wall insulation, PV, solar thermal, heat pumps and fuel switching
£36m Welsh Gov, similar from RSLs & energy companies
description from Nott Trent report https://www.warmwales.org.uk/past- work/arbed/
Salix Revolving loan fund public sector/ FE providing loans for energy efficiency projects
2004 - ongoing has helped over 3,100 clients to commit over 18,700 projects valued at £971 million, forecast to save over 867,000 tonnes of CO2e annually
Ashden, Atkins, ETL, JISC,
http://salixfinance.co.uk/about-us/ successes
Arbed 3 Fuel poverty / retrofit strategic area-based fuel poverty scheme - private homes, off gas/hard to treat, single contractor - EWI, cavity, lofts, draughts
7000 homes improved energy efficiency 2018-21 seems like very little from the project website
All Wales, within eligible areas of fuel poverty
Arbed am Byth (a joint venture between Everwarm and the Energy Saving Trust
SBS Sustainable Building Services contractor (EWI specialist)
http://www.arbedambyth.wales/eng/ home.html still not started properly after 2 years operating? contact Name: Ian Griffith, Telephone: 0300 0625332, ian.griffith@wales.gov, Address: Government Buildings, Penrallt, Caernarfon, Gwynedd
http://www.sewales-ret.co.uk/arbed-3/ also https://www.everwarmgroup.com/ about-us/joint-ventures/arbed-am-byth
Kirklees Warm Zone demonstrates the value of place-based retrofit programmes, aggregating properties to keep down costs, developing an attractive customer proposition – warmer more comfortable homes for free. However, it did not take a whole-house approach.
main interventions were cavity wall and loft insulation. Heating systems upgraded and replaced if necessary. Low energy light bulbs, water saving advice, fire safety. Area based approach to encourage take up.
Partnership took a year to organise. Miller Pattison established a local depot and recruited local employees to deliver the scheme. engagement, operational and marketing support given by Kirklees Council and Scottish Power.
Yorkshire Energy Services managed programme and delivered through partnership with contractor Miller Pattison
Tackle fuel poverty Deliver a low-carbon Kirklees Improve the uptake of state benefits support Create jobs
2007 - 2010 133,746 energy assessments 111,394 homes referred for technical survey 51,155 households had energy saving measures installed 42,999 free loft insulation 21,473 cavity wall insulation
Kirklees (Huddersfield/ Dewsbury)
£21 million - the bulk from the council plus CERT from energy companies - some council asset sales
description from Nott Trent report
INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS/ CASE STUDIES Oktave one stop shop connecting contractors,
building professionals and financing organisations
technical advice from registered professionals, access to finance cost of which for low income households will not exceed energy savings, includes 0% E30k loans,
credit risk remains with bank 1% commission on loans funds support Société d’Economie Mixte (Semi Public Company)
completed 180 projects over two years, partnered with 5 local banks
Rapport d’activité, Oktave, la rénovation à votre portée, 2014/2018 https:// www.oktave.fr/sites/oktave/files/actu/ publishable_report_fr.pdf
Freeland Retofit of social housing stock Signed up to 1,000 homes per year as Energiesprong retrofit
region and regional government perspectives. regional governance of energy-neutral housing initiatives is primarily driven by existing social networks in the regions, and less determined by local characteristics of the built environment. Thus, regional governance seems to have generated solutions that are supported by regional actors. Nonetheless, as these solutions are not entirely tailored to the regional situation, functionally speaking, a key question for future research is how effective these solutions will be.
owner-occupied sector, nationwide program with a regional approach led by the VNG. Essentially a top-down initiative organized following the standard administrative boundaries of Dutch regions. Strategies have emerged in several Dutch regions that also incorporate the non-profit housing sector. Municipalities, housing associations, business parties, the provincial administration and environmental organizations have formulated ambitions together and pooled their capacity to increase the number of energy- neutral dwellings.
https://www.mdpi.com/ 2071-1050/10/10/3726/htm
Dena, Germany state secretaries, KFW bank, venture capital partners, management consultant
EuroPhit EU research project Overall retrofit plan for step-by- step retrofits to EnerPHit Standard
EuroPHit project, funded by the European Commission in the Intelligent Energy –Europe (IEE) programme, deep renovations carried out step by step have been the focus of a consortium of 14 partners all across Europe. The share of step-by-step retrofit processes in the building retrofit sector is significant:
two types of step-by-step retrofit processes: Sequential retrofitting of building components: EG, Step 1 wall insulation; Step 2, windows wreplaced, ventilation system is installed; Step 3, roof insulation, heating system and other measures to reach EnerPHit Standard. Sequential retrofitting of building parts or sections, eg, a refurbishment of single building wings, apartments, new extensions or terraced houses.
https://passipedia.org/planning/ refurbishment_with_passive_house_co mponents/overall_retrofit_plan_for_step- by-step_retrofits_to_enerphit_standard
KfW Bank energy efficient construction and refurbishment programme, Germany
finance promoting availabilty of funding recognised brand, digital application process shows eligibility quickly, combines available grants and low cost loans
“on-financing” model whereby KfW extends credit lines to German retail banks that originate loans with homeowners
2001 - ongoing €75,000 for pre-defined investment packages for a maximum of 30 years (can include general modernisation not just retrofit)
Germany
Saving Energy at Home Programme (Greece)
loan programme 548m euro programme, 50,000 homes improved - mix of grant/loan depends on household income, funding released in 2 stages, first energy evaluation/second inspection of works
staged funding release to allow quality inspection, mix of grants/loans depending on income, partnership with banks - created 2500 jobs per year
reduce heating/cooling costs average saving of 163.9 kWh/m2 in primary energy consumption in residential buildings (average area 106.7m2), 1bn kwh/pa saved 3x oversubscribed but mostly at lower income level (40% grant)
greece
Clean Energy Works Oregon loan programme Home owners can borrow up to $30,000 to use on energy efficiency upgrades (scaled according to levels of energy efficiency reached). The loans are repaid through heating bills. 20% cap on non energy measures loans 7-20 yrs, 6% interest.
made an effort to reduce barriers to entry through offering a rebate on energy assessments – they found that 50% of people who undertook an assessment eventually took out loan finance
working with other banks promote energy efficiency works 2010 - ongoing 1200 projects, $14m loans, 3 slow payers no defaults
seed-financed by the federal government
Build Upon 13 countries, including “RenoWiki” pattern book / project examples (550 projects) & “RenoValue” professional training/engagement
pattern book idea - although this one looks like it's not been updated in years
improve quality and share knowledge 2016-18? 13 EU countries World Green Building Council
£2.35m EU funding Horizon 2020
https://www.buildup.eu/en/news/worlds- largest-collaborative-building-retrofit- project-launched
Picardie Pass Rénovation comprehensive one-stop shop. Single point of contact, a complete thermal audit of the home, a plan of the works required to achieve energy savings, sources financing, finds supply companies, manages installation, provides a five-year follow-up including monitoring the consumption and advice on usage
Aim is 10,000 retrofits a year 50% – 75% energy saving loan repayments plus energy costs after retrofit will always be less than or equal to energy costs before retrofit.
So far on average 70% of the monthly loan repayments are covered by energy savings. 70% full service, 30% just tech advice. over 2000 thermal assessments have been carried out and 1400 homes have been or are being renovated
Work is funded by a loan over 15 - 25 years at 2.5%. Risk on the debt is carried by the Picardie Region, using European Investment Bank loan. typical financial package consists of 13% subsidies, 17% self-financing by the homeowner, and 70% loan Description from Nott Trent report
Home Energy Affordability Loan- Arkansas
employee loan fund provide employees with home energy assessments, approved contractors, improvement loans repaid through payroll deductions
Through 9/17/10 • Presentation Attendance: 310 • Total Program Signups: 103 (33% of attendees) • Low to Moderate Income 31 (26% of Signups) • Number of Completed Applications: 90 • Audits Completed/Scheduled: 84 • Personal Energy Plans Completed 67 • Scopes Signed 26 • Retrofits Underway/Complete 21
Arkansas, USA
https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=ZDCJb5341L8
NON HOUSING SECTOR MOBILISATION / LARGE SCALE DELIVERY MODELS CrossRail large scale civil engineering
Covid 19 grassroots response community engagement and mobilisation
Covid 19 manufacturing response
modular construction but not transferring to domestic
automotive adoption of engine management technology
Railtech Innovations Solutions Railtrack Monitoring
remote monitoring - early warning Remote track Monitoring is an innovative monitoring technique that can be used to assess track quality determining if the track is deteriorating. The same process can be used to understand if structures have moved due to work activities nearby. Remote monitoring is used on a large number of projects and has been used to great effect on the Crossrail project. Due to the large scale excavation works the surrounding infrastructure require monitoring as this could create structural failure or/and effect the alignment of track
https://www.railtech-innovations.co.uk/ services/remote-track-monitoring/
READING Reinventing retrofit How to scale up home energy efficiency in the UK
Report This report examines how the Energiesprong approach could be scaled up to help meet the UK’s legally binding carbon emission reductions.
Reducing disturbance to occupants. Providing certainty of expenditure to heat the home through the 'comfort plan'.
New finance model to secure return on investment together with innovation in warranties and guarantees, new form of procurement for outcomes.
The Energiesprong approach could contribute to solving one of the UK’s major energy challenges by: • using new technology to permanently lower the cost of retrofits, removing the need for subsidies; • providing a low hassle option for householders: retrofits by this method can be installed in as little as a day; • offering a large scale heat solution for the UK; • stimulating innovation in the construction sector to raise productivity.
2017-2020 Devon Devon County Council
Zero Energy Buildings Catalyst (ZEBCat) project, supported by the European Regional Development Fund Project partners and ERDF
https://www.green-alliance.org.uk/ resources/reinventing_retrofit.pdf
Beyond Decent Homes 2009 setting an energy performance target, identifying a kit of parts to simplify retrofit process
2009 www.shap.uk.com/resources
Community Green Deal 2010 delivering at area scale - 3000 homes. Finance and delivery partnerships building blocks identified.
within the model within the model To establish the building blocks of viable area based retrofit programmes and answer the questions : l How to deliver retrofit measures at scale l How to finance retrofit measures and, l How this could impact the economy in terms of jobs, skills and the supply chain
2010 Themes include: controlling cost, managing complexity, building trust, providing coordination. 5 building blocks - 1 = baseline data 2 = developing plans, programmes and projects, -3 = building delivery partnerships, 4 = establishing re- investment funds, 5 = investing in the supply chain
Community Green Deal 2010 www.shap.uk.com/resources
Turning Housing into Homes Fit for 2050 TURNING HOUSING INTO HOMES FIT FOR 2050 SHAP Research Summary Report February 2019
Finance models, designing for occupants, smart and sustainable procurement for long term value
To deliver long term high quality outcomes from investment in housing by setting clear performance targets which are driven by a robust MEAT procurement process, driven by the client in a continuous improvement approach, supported by an undestanding of behaviours and a VFM rather than lowest cost approach.
2019 Turning Housing into Homes Fit for 2050 TURNING HOUSING INTO HOMES FIT FOR 2050 SHAP Research Summary Report February 2019
Warm Homes Save Lives establishing region wide scaling up of retrofit, whole house retrofit plans, targeting the most vulnerable with public funding
at the centre of the programme critical building block both to be established to be established identification of a new approach to addressing fuel poverty through a person centred focus with regional scale oversight, support and recognition of multiple entry points for support and multiple delivery routes.
2020 Formed the basis of a £100 proposal to government to support establishment of the bulding blocks
the innovative element of the proposal was ensuring the person living in fuel poverty is at the centre of decisionmaking. this therefore moves the agenda beyond retrofit but must respond to the need for a whole house retrofit plan within which emergency fuel poverty actions sit. Less expensive to administer than ECO with hugely improved outcomes by allowing discretion on grant levels and what they fund.
Warm Homes Save Lives_proposals document PDF
SHAP Evaluation of DECC funded projects 2013
Analysis of DECC green deal go early projects - fuel poverty, collective switching, green deal pioneers fund
success factors from 16 DECC funding projects delivered by 11 LAs
The customer journey through the Green Deal has to be carefully thought through. The journey must be short and consideration taken of any barriers to the market place; such as price, acceptance and concerns regarding quality.
Many Local Authorities had committed to considerable preparatory work before the bid winners were announced and found that this was of immense assistance given the tight timetable.
It has been suggested that the Green Deal could have a pre-assessment stage to screen out those homes where the Green Deal would not be suitable. The customer would be disappointed if the report showed that nothing could be done after a payment had been made. A free assessment or a pre-assessment stage would be useful to remove an obstacle to the Green Deal. Supply chain engagmeent critical
Sufficient start up time, sufficient delivery time to share learning from a range of projects and inform the design of future programmes and projects
2013 11 LAs in Stafforshire and Cheshire
DECC several lessons including issues due to short life of projects, importance of partnership in deriving added value, need for flexible PDO rights for retrofit schemes, LAs as 'trusted brands', benefits of levering additional funding e.g. health sector, working at risk helped meet tight timescales, role of supply chain in product choice and signposting to others for finance options, adequate surve with facilation between householder and contractor, supply chain upskilling and retraining critical
https://shapuk.files.wordpress.com/ 2017/10/2013-evaluation-of-decc- funded-projects-report.pdf
1 Million near-zero energy/ carbon neutral homes by 2023
Innovation programme Climate KIC proposal to develop a one million home retrofit programme across Europe
to build scale in retrofit ongoing looking for cities, regions, real estate owners/managers and investors that wish to embark upon this adventure/ transformation journey and co-create with us. Do you also see the possibilities, and do you want to commit to these ambitious goals? Contact the Programme Lead, Erik van Wijk, for more information about how you could join this ambitious programme.
contact: Erik van Wijk, Programme Lead 1 Million near-zero energy/ carbon neutral homes erik.vanwijk@climate-kic.org
https://benelux.climate-kic.org/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2019/05/ FLYER_1millionnearzeroenergyhomes_ def-Interactive.pdf
Beattie Passive T Cosy pilot Solihull
Case study Innvoation pilot, whole house wrap The project had a three stage approach: 1. Analysis of tenant energy usage pre-retrofit 2. Retrofit of apartments block containing 6 flats 3. Analysis of tenant energy usage post-retrofit
http://www.beattiepassiveretrofit.com/ TCosySolihull%20July17.pdf
Case study EWI to high rise https://www.dryvit.co.uk/project-gallery/ high-rise-sandwell-mbc-birmingham
The E-RETROFIT-KIT tool-kit Tool kit Tool kit for passive house retrofit for different architypes translated into a number of languages
For each country there is a number of building types, and for each of these there is information about: Actual state (photo, general information about the building, U-values, building materials etc., heating system and energy need), energy savings, retrofitting measures, energy costs and energy consumption with incomplete Passive House Retrofitting.
https://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/ projects/sites/iee-projects/files/projects/ documents/e-retrofit- kit_e_retrofit_kit_project_report_en.pdf
Financing energy efficient buildings: the path to retrofit at scale
Green Finance Institute
https://www.greenfinanceinstitute.co.uk/ wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Financing- energy-efficient-buildings-the-path-to- retrofit-at-scale.pdf
Retrofit Revealed The Retrofit for the Future projects – data analysis report
Report 4 success factors identified. Project planning. Site management. Understanding the supply chain. working closely with residents.
TSB https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/669112/ Retrofit_Revealed_- _The_Retrofit_for_the_Future_projects_ -_data_analysis_report.pdf
Delivering and funding housing retrofit: a review of community models'.
a range of guides and research findings including Delivering and funding housing retrofit Guide to Building Performance Evaluation Local Procurement and Supply Chain Toolkit Retrofit analysis Renewable Energy Toolkit Retrofit guides SME engagement
Institute for Sustainability + Arup
https:// publications.parliament.uk/pa/ cm201719/cmselect/cmbeis/ 1730/1730.pdf
Review of policy around all building types. Generally, a good source of data for England – this does not include devolved nations.
This is a good review of policy and quite critical of the Government. There is a list of programmes in the devolved nations. Interesting stuff on able to pay and private rented. Good background reading.
Good background data and policy recommendations
https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ cm201719/cmselect/cmbeis/ 1730/1730.pdf
High level report with some good case studies
does look at wider benefits of retrofit with a view to community regeneration as well. Some finance ideas. Worth a very quick flick through.
UKGBC https://www.ukgbc.org/wp-content/ uploads/2017/09/08498-Regen-Retrofit- Report-WEB-Spreads.pdf
Understanding Best Practice in Deploying External Solid-Wall Insulation in the UK
Technical report on SWI innovations relatively short report with some things to say around innovation and some links to innovative projects – may have some implications for supply chain,
UCL and Bartlett https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/657772/UCL- EWI-2017.pdf
Recommendations report for Govt to establish national Green Finance Framework.
Theme 4 has details on homes and is pretty interesting. Theme 8 on pipeline and theme 9 on localisation are also relevant
Green Finance Institute
https://www.greenfinanceinstitute.co.uk/ wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Financing- energy-efficient-buildings-the-path-to- retrofit-at-scale.pdf
WHAT DOES IT COST TO RETROFIT HOMES? Updating the Cost Assumptions for BEIS’s Energy Efficiency Modelling
A big pile of cost modelling data for different types of homes and products.
Useful in terms of structuring data. BEIS https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/656866/ BEIS_Update_of_Domestic_Cost_Assu mptions_031017.pdf
Retrofit Revealed The Retrofit for the Future projects – data analysis report
Overview of the retrofit for the future project with some recommendations and guidance – particularly useful for Charlie to point out how good his retrofits were
Engaging residents early and frequently in the process Decanting residents Helping residents to understand how to manage their homes at different times of the year by explaining system controls Training support staff (call centre, maintenance) to provide informed, ongoing help to residents
Project planning. Time spent in detailed pre-design Researching the market for products and suppliers early on. Detailed and realistic project planning, including extensive contingency planning and risk management Careful sequencing of works, enabled by well co-ordinated procurement. Site management Dedicated co-ordination of the retrofit project. Engaging and motivating the project team early on. Open and frequent communication between project team members. Understanding among site staff of the importance of achieving good air-tightness. Understanding the supply chain. Building relationships with manufacturers. Anticipating the availability, price and lead times of innovative products. Working with the suppliers of control systems to ensure that those installed are fit-for-purpose and simple to understand
TSB https://retrofit.innovateuk.org/ documents/1524978/2138994/ Retrofit+Revealed+- +The+Retrofit+for+the+Future+projects +-+data+analysis+report/ 280c0c45-57cc-4e75- b020-98052304f002
Energy Efficient Scotland programme: analysis of delivery mechanism
Framework for delivery – this might form a good structure for what we are trying to do
Strategic Outline Case for Proposed Development of a National Delivery Mechanism
2019 DECC might be a bit more complex – good stuff on Governance structures – not applicable in Leeds but worth considering. General policy piece, but quite detailed on delivery – some good stuff on consumer protection.
https://www.gov.scot/publications/ energy-efficient-scotland-strategic- outline-case-proposed-development- national-delivery-mechanism/pages/17/
Scaling up retrofit 2050
High level report – some good case studies (section 4) – generally quite generic – worth a quick skim
Engage with the consumers by identifying the best ways to discuss the benefits of deep retrofit with householders, and developing trusted intermediaries to be a single point of contact for owners and tenants.
Encourage investment by aggregating projects in large blocks to attract investors and reduce costs while introducing more flexible ways for local authorities to borrow and invest in retrofit programmes. There needs to be more revenue-neutral methods of incentivising deep retrofit, more assistance for registered social landlords (RSLs) to develop long-term financial plans and more learning from investment approaches used for other forms of national infrastructure.
Recommendations 1. Establishing a long-term plan Reducing costs and building supply chain capacity by developing pilot projects and demonstrators as well as a plan to bring the cost per property to below 30- year repair, maintenance and refurbishment budgets.
To evidence why Why a nationwide programme to upgrade the existing housing stock is the only way for the UK to achieve its carbon saving goals.
To meet the UK’s climate change targets, we will need to improve nearly every home in the UK with energy efficiency measures at a rate of more than 1.5 homes every minute between now and 2050. And that is only if we visit every home once, with a single ‘whole house’ renovation rather than incremental improvements. Right now, we are falling far short in both the rates and depths of interventions.
NTU Recommendations 1. Establishing a long-term planhttps://www.theiet.org/media/5276/ retrofit.pdf
Retrofit for the Future A guide to making retrofit work
Basic guidance on delivering retrofit - decent roster of names, but nothing new – to be fair it is quite old
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/669113/ Retrofit_for_the_future_- _A_guide_to_making_retrofit_work_- _2014.pdf
Dartford Housing Retrofit Project Evaluation Report 2017
Small sample study of retrofit homes using different approaches (5 houses) – worth a very quick skim
The responses from the occupants indicated that they were generally very happy with the improvement to their houses after the retrofit works were undertaken, in terms of comfort and the appearance of their property.
2014-2016 The data presented in this report shows that significant benefits, in terms of comfort, bills and CO2 emissions were seen by the four households studied in detail, which suggests the project as a whole was successful in delivering good quality retrofits to hard-to-treat properties which delivered real results while maintaining quality and avoiding adverse consequences associated with poorly-fitted retrofits.https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/657781/ Evaluation_of_the_Dartford_Housing_R etrofit_Project_2017.pdf
Leeds Core cities Green Deal monitoring projectMoniotring of 47 properties – general performance of retrofit in BEIS/ DECC programme – good data and interpretation
The surveys revealed that the ‘whole house approach’ to retrofit was, more often, missing, and quality assurance around insulation detailing was regularly absent, leading to avoidable errors and potentially embedding problems in the installations. Furthermore, moisture issues were, in the majority of instances, over-looked or made worse despite over half the sample having some form of damp. Despite this, energy savings were observed and the appearance of the dwellings were improved, thus apparent satisfaction was generally high, even though the installs were imperfect and moisture problems were introducedhttps://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/657766/ Leeds_Core_Cities_Green_Deal_Final_ Report.pdf
MONITORING OF THE COMMUNITY ENERGY SAVING PROGRAMME A research study conducted by the Building Research Establishment (BRE)
90 units monitored from CESP – mix of flats and houses – generally highlights detailing as an issue. Some interesting data, but not much more detail.
huge benefits to be derived from the use of Show Homes to promote energy savings through retrofit and renovation. These benefits are felt throughout the supply chain, by Government, the consumer and the population as a whole: · Supply chains benefit by raising awareness of their products and services. · Government benefits by awareness-raising and increasing the uptake of energy efficiency measures, and more generally helping to reduce carbon emissions enabling it to meet its legally binding targets. This last point benefits us all. · Consumers benefit by being better informed about products, services, benefits and drawbacks of energy efficiency and renewable energy measures.
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/ government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/657762/ BEIS_CESP_Report_2016_FINAL.pdf
Show Homes An effective force for inspiring domestic retrofit
NEF Showhomes report Role of show homes and demonstrators in delivery of retrofit demand – nice enough
http://www.nef.org.uk/themes/ site_themes/agile_records/images/ uploads/ Show_Homes_Report_March2017.pdf
Learnings from Green Deal Communities
GDC Report Assessment of GDC – generally advice on how not to do area-based projects in the future. Entertaining for those of us who were involved in GDC.
CSE and NEF http://www.nef.org.uk/themes/ site_themes/agile_records/images/ uploads/green-deal-communities- learning-recommendations-2017.pdf
Domestic retrofit 2015 A national report on domestic retrofit in the social housing sector
Social Housing Survey Survey of social housing adoption – I forgot we actually did this with NEF a few years ago! Just looks at issues and adoption in social housing – follow on from previous NEF surveys.
https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/ files/ gla_20pp_national_report_on_domestic _retrofit_2710_final.pdf
https://s3-eu- west-1.amazonaws.com/ media.cp.catapult/wp-content/ uploads/2020/01/30170148/ HIP-Retrofit-Towards-a-Sector- Wide-Roadmap-–-2020- WEB.pdf
Communities Catapult Nothing wildly new in here – some stuff on finance and markets – quite generic
https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ media.cp.catapult/wp-content/uploads/ 2020/01/30170148/HIP-Retrofit- Towards-a-Sector-Wide- Roadmap-–-2020-WEB.pdf
Better Homes, Better Wales, Better World Decarbonising existing homes in Wales 2019
Report to Welsh Ministers from the Decarbonisation of Homes in Wales Advisory Group We sought expert guidance on creating the necessary conditions for success from experts at the Centre for Behaviour Change at University College London
In making its recommendations, the Advisory Group has considered the likely costs of implementation against the benefits that will flow from it. We strongly believe that, in the context of the Well-being Goals, the benefits will substantially outweigh the costs.
Summary of Recommendations 1. Political parties in Wales should make a strategic commitment to national residential decarbonisation and stick to it 2. The Welsh Government should set ambitious housing targets to meet its ambition of achieving net zero carbon by 2050 3. The Welsh Government should put in place the right quality system and delivery mechanisms across all tenures to help achieve the targets 4. The Welsh Government, working with others, should develop a holistic package of support across all tenures to motivate and facilitate action 5. The Welsh Government should collect data about the status and condition of the housing stock to inform future decisions and measure progress towards targets 6. The Welsh Government should continue to monitor and test new solutions to decarbonise homes 7. The Welsh Government and its partners should make maximum use of communities, networks, associations and Third Sector organisations in helping to decarbonise homes
https://gov.wales/sites/default/files/ publications/2019-07/independent- review-on-decarbonising-welsh-homes- report.pdf
Overcoming the systemic challenges of retrofitting residential buildings in the United Kingdom A Herculean task? 2018
In many ways, overcoming the ‘multi-headed- challenges’ of achieving widespread energy efficiency (EE) retrofit is an equally Herculean task. Policy initiatives in the UK, such as the Energy Companies Obligation (ECO) and the Green Deal, have sought and failed to achieve the mass uptake of residential retrofit.
policies have failed to address four systemic challenges that constrain uptake for whole house retrofits, and that a more comprehensive and widereaching policy approach will be needed to overcome each of these challenges. The chapter is therefore focused on some of the solutions to these challenges from the perspective of three key elements of a retrofit: the business model, financing and intermediaries. It also discusses the ways in which policy could support these outcomes.
https://www.researchgate.net/ publication/ 330202714_Overcoming_the_systemic_ challenges_of_retrofitting_residential_bu ildings_in_the_United_Kingdom_A_Herc ulean_task
Construction labour market in the UK: Farmer review
Modernise or Die does not refer to retrofit, but more general construction industry issues
need to address the labour model in the construction industry the skills pressures and other constraints that limit housebuilding and infrastructure development in the UK
https://www.gov.uk/government/ publications/construction-labour-market- in-the-uk-farmer-review
Recommendations being taken forward in current regulation and grant funding pilots
http://www.eachhomecounts.com/
Railtech Innovations Solutions Railtrack Monitoring
remote monitoring - early warning Remote track Monitoring is an innovative monitoring technique that can be used to assess track quality determining if the track is deteriorating. The same process can be used to understand if structures have moved due to work activities nearby. Remote monitoring is used on a large number of projects and has been used to great effect on the Crossrail project. Due to the large scale excavation works the surrounding infrastructure require monitoring as this could create structural failure or/and effect the alignment of track
https://www.railtech-innovations.co.uk/ services/remote-track-monitoring/
Going Green Preparing the UK workforce for the transition to a net-zero economy 2020
Research FutureFit is a major training and research project led by Nesta and supported by Google.org
FutureFit is focused on creating an effective adult learning system to help tackle inequality and social exclusion. In partnership with some of Europe’s largest unions, leading researchers, employers and adult learning experts, FutureFit is reskilling workers at risk of job displacement and conducting a large evaluation about what works, so that solutions can be scaled.
This report provides a thorough examination of the scale of the challenge in the UK regarding employment and adult learning, and offers guidance about the actions needed to achieve an efficient, inclusive and fair transition to a net- zero economy. Based on data from various sources and data analytics, the report will: — Classify industries in the UK based on the ‘Eco- Transformation of Industries Matrix’. — Assess the impact of the green transformation on the labour market. — Examine the role of adult learning in supporting a successful green transformation. — Provide policy recommendations for a smooth transition to a green economy.
https://media.nesta.org.uk/documents/ Going_Green- _Preparing_the_UK_workforce_to_the_t ransition_to_a_net_zero_economy.June .2020.pdf
All hands to the pump: A home improvement plan for England
Report By 2035, up to 275,000 jobs could be created in England and 325,000 jobs in the UK.
This report makes the case for an ambitious investment programme to deliver household improvements across the country to be put at the heart of the economic recovery from Covid-19.
IPPR There are huge benefits to an energy efficiency and low-carbon heat programme delivered at scale. Existing policies and proposals will not deliver and are unfair The number of energy efficiency upgrades, heat networks and heat pumps delivered under current government policy are all far behind the average annual number required to meet the UK’s legally binding net-zero target by 2050. Technology choices The government must decide a clear technology pathway, scaling up technologies where they are m