20435243 waste management ppt
TRANSCRIPT
By
S. VIJAYAKUMAR
M. K. SANIL
M. NISHA
T. M. SHABIN ALI
WASTE WASTE MANAGEMENT
An unusable / unwanted substance or material.
Rejected as worthless.
Eg) Rubbish, trash, garbage or junk
Collection source separation storage transportation transfer processing treatmentdisposal of waste
AIM OF WASTE MANAGEMENT @ To extract maximum practical benefits.
@ To generate minimum amount of waste.
@ Reduce negative impacts - on environment & society.
TYPES OF WASTES
SOURCES OF WASTES*Domestic wastes - Eg) paper, plastic,
glass, ceramics, vegetable wastes
*Commercial wastes - Eg) printer paper, meat remnants
*Ashes - Eg) coal, wood and coke.
- Open burning of wastes also generates ashes
*Animal Wastes - Eg)dung of animals
- rejected feed
*Biomedical Wastes - Eg) expired drugs, plastic syringes, surgical dressings
*Construction Wastes - Eg) metal rods, bricks, cement, concrete, roofing materials
- digging activities Eg) telephone, electricity, drainage
*Industrial Solid Wastes -Eg) garment factory would dump textiles of various kinds
*Sewer - removed from sewerage - left on the roadside
*Hazardous wastes - potentially dangerous
- react explosively with air or water- Change in the genetic structure of
individuals
*E - Waste - electronics disposed
-E.g.) Secondary computers, electronics, mobile phones, television sets & refrigerator
*Nuclear waste - containing radioactive material
- product of a nuclear fission
Effects of waste If not managed
Affects our healthAffects our socio-economic conditionsAffects our coastal and marine
environmentAffects our climateRise in global temperatures ‘Rise in sea levels
Methods of Waste Mgmt. Disposal Methods
a) Land fills Convenient
Inexpensive
Destruction of food sources
Desalination Incineration
Requires minimum landCan be operated in any
weather Expensive to build and
operate
Continuous maintenance
Recycling methods
a) Biological reprocessing
b) Energy recovery i)Pyrolysis ii)Gasification
Key to providing a livable
environment for the future Expensive Some wastes cannot be recycled Technological push needed
Practical Issues
Lack of awarenessUnplanned growth and development of citiesLand availabiltyUn sorted waste. mixture of bio-degradable
and non bio-degradableSome wastes cannot be recycled Unsightly - smell, waste, vermin requires proper planning, design, and
operation
Bio-Methanation ProcessMaterials that are organic in nature, such as
plant material, food scraps convert starch or sugary agricultural feed
stock into a methane rich gas mixture three stages, namely, hydrolysis, acid-genesis
and methane formation Process is very slowInstalling is expensive.
Suggestions Improve product design to use less materials. use biodegradable materials maintenance of cleanliness in yards and streets At Source Treatment, Separation of materials
should be done at source Encourage eople to reuse materials rather
than purchase new ones.
Case Study Name of Project : CochinWaste 2 Energy Pvt Ltd Type of Process : BESI W2E Gasification Technology Capacity : 35 tons/day Land Area : 1 Acre Location : Willington Island, Cochin Type ofWaste : Industrial effluent Sludge, e-waste,Biomedical
waste,food waste, Wood waste, Power Generation : 1 Mega Watt per hour. SolidWaste generated from Plant: Recovered sterilized metals for
recycle. Vitrified glass. Inert Ash Revenue Stream : Tipping fee. Sale of Power generated. Residue.
Carbon Credits Collection Mechanism :Through specially designed enclosed
refuse trucks meeting international norms Waste Stream Analysis : School of Environmental Studies,
CUSAT