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Mediainformationen 2019 International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment www.heat-processing.com Mit Online - Portal www.heat-processing.com The online platform for Thermoprocessing Technologies 22.-24. Oktober 2019 HärtereiKongress

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Page 1: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

Mediainformationen

2019International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

Mit Online - Portal

Thermoprocessing Technologies

www.heat-processing.com

The online platform for Thermoprocessing Technologies

22.-24. Oktober 2019

HärtereiKongress

Page 2: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

2

Inhaltsverzeichnis hp

Ansprechpartner ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................3

Zeitschrift:Kurzcharakteristik / Gremien ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................4Produktgruppe heat processing ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................5Kunden und Partner ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................6Redaktionsprogramm hp 2019 ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................7Anzeigenpreisliste ....................................................................................................................................................................................................8 - 10Anzeigenformate ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................11Market Place ...................................................................................................................................................................................................12-15Auflagen- und Verbreitungsanalyse ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................16

Portal:heat processing online ...................................................................................................................................................................................................17-18Banner-Formate und Preise ...................................................................................................................................................................................................19-20Market Place ...................................................................................................................................................................................................21-22Jobbörse ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................23

Newsletter:heat processing News ...................................................................................................................................................................................................24-26

Internationale Messen ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................28

Page 3: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

3

International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heatprocessing-online.com

Team & Kontakt hp

IHR VERLAGSTEAM STELLT SICH VOR:

Spartenleiter:

Felix Brecht Telefon: +49 201 82002 12 Telefax: +49 201 82002 40 E-Mail: [email protected]

Anzeigenverwaltung:

Jutta Zierold Telefon: +49 201 82002 22Telefax: +49 201 82002 40E-Mail: [email protected]

Anzeigenverkauf:

Claudia Wolff Telefon: +49 201 82002 24 Telefax: +49 201 82002 40 E-Mail: [email protected]

Redaktion:

Thomas SchneidewindTelefon: +49 201 82002 36Telefax: +49 201 82002 40 E-Mail: [email protected]

Redaktion:

Lena LangenkämperTelefon: +49 201 82002 15Telefax: +49 201 82002 40E-Mail: [email protected]

Page 4: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

4

Kurzcharakteristik / Gremien hp

„heat processing“ ist die englischsprachige Fachzeitschrift für das gesamte Gebiet des industriellen Ofenbaus, wärmetechnischer Anlagen und Prozesse sowie Forum für den Wissens- und Erfahrungsaustausch zwischen Anbie-tern und Anwendern der Thermoprozesstechnikbranche.

Organ:– European Committee of Industrial Furnace and Heating Equipment

Association,– Metallurgy including the Associations Thermo Process Technology,

Foundry Machinery and Metallurgical Plants and Rolling Mills

– the European Foundry Equipment Suppliers Association– EUnited Metallurgy

Redaktionelles Konzept:„heat processing“ informiert mit vier Ausgaben im Jahr umfassend und tech-nisch detailliert über Entwicklungen und Problemlösungen der Thermopro-zesstechnik für industrielle Anwendungen.

Wichtige Themenkomplexe sind Bau, Ausrüstung und Betrieb von Industrie-öfen und industriellen Wärmebehandlungsanlagen, neue Verfahrens-, Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik in der Thermoprozesstechnik, Energieeinspar-maßnahmen und effizientes Energiemanagement an Thermoprozessanlagen, Werkstoffe und innovative Anwendungsbereiche, Normen und Richtlinien, etc.

Den Schwerpunkt jeder Ausgabe bilden dabei aktuelle, praxisbezogene Fach-beiträge kompetenter Autoren. Abgerundet wird das redaktionelle Spektrum

durch eine ausführliche und hintergründige Berichterstattung über alle bran-chenrelevanten internationalen Veranstaltungen, Firmen- und Wirtschafts- nachrichten, Personalien und Medien sowie umfassende und spezielle Pro-duktvorschauen zu einschlägigen Großveranstaltungen der Branche.

So vermittelt „heat processing“ den qualifizierten Lesern das erforderliche Fachwissen für die tägliche Praxis.

Herausgeber:R. Branders, CECOF, Dr. T. Würz, Metallurgy (Associations Foundry Machinery, Metallurgical Plants and Rolling Mills, Thermo Process Technology)

Redaktionsbeirat:Dr.-Ing. H. Altena, AICHELIN Ges.m.b.H., Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Baake, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Dr.-Ing. F. Beneke, VDMA e.V., H. Berger, Aichelin Holding GmbH, Dipl.-Ing. W. Liere-Netheler, Elster GmbH, Dipl.-Ing. H. Lochner, Ebner Industrieofenbau Ges.m.b.H., Prof. Dr.-Ing. H. Pfeifer, RWTH Aachen University, Dipl.-Phys. M. Rink, Ipsen International GmbH, Hon.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. J. Rinnhofer, SMS Elotherm GmbH, Dipl.-Ing. St. Schalm, Vulkan-Verlag GmbH, T. Schreiter, ABP Induction Systems GmbH, Dr.-Ing. A. Seitzer, Himmelwerk Hoch- und Mittelfrequenzanlagen GmbH, Dr. H. Stumpp, Dr.-Ing. P. Wendt, LOI Thermprocess GmbH, Dr.-Ing. J. G. Wünning, WS Wärmeprozesstechnik GmbH

Korrespondierende Mitglieder:Prof. Y. Blinov, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University „LETI“, Ph.D. P. Drugă, Uttis Industries srl., A. Goyer, IHEA, F.-G. Kehrer, Messe Düsseldorf GmbH, F. Liebens, Solo Swiss Group, J. Seghers, Agoria

Page 5: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

5

Produktgruppe hp

www.heat-processing.com

Starke Partner für Ihre Unternehmenskommunikation

• „heat processing“ Fachzeitschrift

• „edition heat processing“ Fachbücher

• „www.heat-processing.com“ Portal

• „heat processing NEWS“ Newsletter

• „Market Place“ Buyer´s Guide

• „Community“ die Köpfe des Fachs

• „Jobs“ Aktuelle Stellenangebote

Page 6: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

6

Kunden und Partner (Auswahl) hp

Partner:

Page 7: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

7

Redaktionsprogramm 2019 hp

www.heat-processing.com Änderungen vorbehalten

Ausgabe Termine Themen Messen/Ausstellungen/Zusatzverbreitung

1 FebruarAnzeigenschluss: 01.02.2019Erscheinungstermin: 22.02.2019

Metal + Metallurgy China, Shanghai, 13.-16.03.2019

2 MaiAnzeigenschluss: 07.05.2019Erscheinungstermin: 28.05.2019

■■ THERMPROCESS Special THERMPROCESS 2019, Düsseldorf, 25.-29.06.2019

3 AugustAnzeigenschluss: 09.08.2019Erscheinungstermin: 30.08.2019

■■ HK Special HärtereiKongress 2019, Köln, 22.-24.10.2019

4 NovemberAnzeigenschluss: 31.10.2019Erscheinungstermin: 22.11.2019

Page 8: 22.-24. Oktober 2019 - heat processing · 2019. 3. 21. · Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch • Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil)

International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

8

Anzeigenpreisliste hp

1 Zeitschriftenformat: DIN A4, 210 mm breit, 297 mm hoch

2 Satzspiegel: 187,5 mm breit, 241 mm hoch

3 Druck- und Bindeverfahren, Druckunterlagen: Offsetdruck im CTP-Verfahren bis 70er Raster, Klebebindung. Druckunterlagen siehe Technische Daten.

4 Termine: Erscheinungsweise: 4 Ausgaben pro Jahr, Erscheinungstermin, Anzeigenschluss und Druckunterlagen: siehe Redaktionsprogramm

5 Verlag: Vulkan-Verlag GmbH, Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 55, 45127 Essen Telefon: +49 201 82002 0 Telefax: +49 201 82002 40

Anzeigenverkauf: Claudia Wolff Telefon: +49 201 82002 24 Telefax: +49 201 82002 40 E-Mail: [email protected]

Anzeigenverwaltung: Jutta Zierold Telefon: +49 201 82002 22 Telefax: +49 201 82002 40 E-Mail: [email protected]

6 Zahlungsbedingungen: Alle Rechnungen sind fällig bis 15 Tage ab Rechnungsdatum netto Kasse ohne Abzug. Bei Vorkasse und Bankeinzug gewähren wir 3% Skonto. Der Rechnungsbetrag ist aus der Auftrags bestätigung zu ersehen. Bei Zah-lungsverzug werden Verzugszinsen berechnet. Sofern ältere Rechnungen offen stehen, kann Skonto nicht gewährt werden. Bankverbindung: Nassauische Sparkasse Wiesbaden BIC/SWIFT NASSDE55XXX IBAN DE 38 5105 0015 0107 0926 29 USt-IdNr. (VAT): DE 812 959 878

7 Anzeigenformate und Preise: Allen Preisen ist der jeweils gültige gesetzliche Mehrwertsteuersatz hinzuzurechnen. Formate für angeschnittene Anzeigen auf Anfrage.

Format Breite x Höhe in mm (max.)

Grundpreis s/w €

4-farbig €

1/1 Seite 182 x 255 2.320,- 3.520,-

Junior page 132 x 207 1.360,- 2.560,-

1/2 Seite 89 x 255 182 x 125 1.220,- 2.420,-

1/3 Seite 60 x 255 182 x 80 930,- 2.130,-

1/4 Seite 89 x 125 182 x 62 650,- 1.850,-

1/8 Seite 89 x 62 182 x 31 430,- 1.030,-

Gültig ab 01.01.2019

Erscheinungsort 45127 Essen

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Anzeigenpreisliste hpInternational Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heatprocessing-online.com

8 Preise für Vorzugsplatzierungen:

• Titelseite 4c € 6.270,– Format: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch

• Innentitelseite plus Fähnchen 4c € 6.270,– (nur in Ausgaben mit Messesonderteil) Format Innenteiltitel: 200 mm breit x 173 mm hoch Datenblatt für das Fähnchen auf Anfrage

• Anzeigen auf dem Umschlag

2. Umschlagseite 4c (nur 1/1 Seiten) € 4.050,– 4. Umschlagseite 4c (nur 1/1 Seiten) € 4.050,–

• Anzeigen im Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. rechte Seite 4c (nur 1/1 Seite) € 3.650,– 2. rechte Seite 4c (nur 1/1 Seite) € 3.650,– 3. rechte Seite außen 4c

(nur 1/2 Seite hoch) € 2.600 ,–

Gültig ab 01.01.2019

Erscheinungsort 45127 Essen

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International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

www.heat-processing.com

10

Anzeigenpreisliste hp

9 Farbzuschläge: Je Euroskalafarbe (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow) € 400,– Je Sonderfarbe € 500,– Bei fehlenden Farbskalen und -andrucken kann für eine origi-nale Farbwiedergabe keine Gewähr übernommen werden.

10 Preise für Stellenanzeigen: Stellengesuche Nachlass 50 %, Chiffregebühr € 12,–

11 Einhefter: Gewicht des Einhefters: mindestens 135 g/m2 Format für 1 Blatt: 210 x 297 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt an allen Seiten € 2.280,– Format für 2 Blatt: 420 x 297 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt an allen Seiten € 4.370,– Einhefter sind unbeschnitten und ungefalzt anzuliefern. Die Vorder-seite und der Ablauf des Einhefters sind zu kennzeichnen. Einhefter müssen in der Art und Ausführung so beschaffen sein, dass eine zu-sätzliche Aufbereitung und Bearbeitung entfällt. Erschwernisse und zusätzliche Falz- und Klebearbeiten werden gesondert berechnet.

12 Beilagen: 2-seitig 2-seitig bis zum Format 200 mm breit und 287 mm hoch bis 25 g Mindestformat DIN A6), pro Tausend € 500,–

13 Eingeklebte Werbeträger: Postkarten, Datenträger, Warenmuster etc. auf Trägeranzeigen auf Anfrage.

14 Market Place: Präsentieren Sie hier das Leistungsspektrum Ihres Unternehmens. Kombiniert als Print- und Online-Firmeneintrag. Details s. S. 12-15 und www.heat-processing.com

15 Rabatte: bei Abnahme innerhalb von 12 Monaten (Insertionsjahr) Malstaffel 2maliges Erscheinen 3 % 4maliges Erscheinen 5 %

16 Bezugspreis der Zeitschrift: Jahresabonnement (Print, ePaper) Auf Anfrage zuzüglich Jahresversandkosten

Jahrgang / Jahr: 17. Jahrgang / 2019

Gültig ab 01.01.2019

Erscheinungsort 45127 Essen

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International Magazine for Industrial Furnaces, Heat Treatment & Equipment

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Anzeigenformate hp

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/1 Seite210 x 297 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/1 Seite

1/2 Seite Hochformat102 x 297 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 89 x 255 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/1 Seite im Satzspiegel 182 x 255 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/2 Seite Querformat oben210 x 148 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 182 x 125 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/2 Seite Querformat unten210 x 148 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 182 x 125 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

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im Satzspiegel 60 x 255 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/3 Seite Querformat oben210 x 102 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 182 x 80 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/3 Seite Querformat unten210 x 102 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 182 x 80 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/4 Seite Hochformat oben103 x 144 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 89 x 125 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/4 Seite Querformat oben210 x 82 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 182 x 62 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/4 Seite Hochformat unten103 x 144 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 89 x 125 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

1/4 Seite Querformat unten210 x 82 mm + 3 mm Beschnitt

im Satzspiegel 182 x 62 mm

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

6160 heat processing 4-2012

Burner & Combustion RepoRtsRepoRts Burner & Combustion

4-2012 heat processing

Infrared drying with porous burners in industrial environments

by Michael Angerstein

The use of gas infrared burners in general provides huge advantages in many drying and heating processes. Porous burners, being the only short-wave gas infrared burners in the world, are quite special in this regard. The particular features offered by porous burners will be addressed further down in this article.

They are ready for operation in just a matter of minu-tes, meaning that the long heat-up phase needed with many convection heaters is no longer necessary.

And yet, when using gas infrared burners, the heat trans-ferred is often so high that the drying phase can be much shorter than with circulating air dryers, or higher drying performance can be achieved with the same drying time.

opeRating pRincipleHeat from infrared radiation is transmitted without any kind of contact from the radiation source (the gas infrared burner) to the recipient of the radiation. The dry air allows 100 % of this radiation to pass through.

Only when the infrared radiation meets a surface is the radiated energy converted into heat. This operating principle will be very familiar to anyone in a wintery envi-ronment sensing the warming effect of the sun on their skin. The highly efficient gas infrared radiant heaters used for low-energy space heating work in a quite similar fashion.

Gas infrared burners used for drying in industrial environ-ments are burners that are operated using a combustion air fan. This provides them among other things with better con-trol facilities and allows them to achieve the kind of repro-ducibility in output that is required in industrial processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of a gas infrared unit. The individual burners are lined up in a series to create any desired length. Two lines of burners are usually joined to form a ‘twin row’. Single or twin rows have ducts fitted on the sides, and this arrange-ment then forms a single unit. It is possible to arrange any number of these units behind one another.

Fig. 1 shows two of these twin rows as an example. Please note that the burner is supplied with gas and com-bustion air separately and is entirely independent from the ambient air circulation system, which is also depicted.

Gas and combustion air are supplied to the burner and burned there. The hot surfaces of the burner emit a very even infrared radiation that is then used for drying or heating.

The hot gases from the combustion process and the solvents evaporated in the drying process – usually steam – are collected via the suction ducts.

optimum eneRgy use If the product to be dried permits, the heat energy from the combustion process can be further exploited. In this case, only part of the flow is discharged through the roof, thus preventing the ambient air circulation system from being saturated – for example with the vaporous solvent, which is usually steam.

The discharged portion must have fresh air added to it, which is achieved by means of a corresponding valve control system. The largest part of the still-hot gases remain in the ambient air circulation system and are blown via the pressure-side ducts onto the product to be dried.

This means that, in addition to the radiated heat, there is also convection, thus deriving the maximum possible benefit from the energy.

HigH level flexibilityGas infrared burners are large-surface burners, which means that the radiation is emitted very evenly from the entire radiating surface. By arranging burners as appropri-

ate, they can be adapted to the shape of the workpieces. The ability to switch individual rows of burners on and off provides a great deal of flexibility. Systems are also used in practice that enable the radiation width to be modified.

By switching off unneeded burners – in the case of narro-wer web widths, for example – this allows even more ener-gy to be saved and the already low operating costs to be reduced even further by saving gas. Moreover, the surface burners can be adjusted smoothly to any value between at least 50 % and 100 % output. The porous burner can even achieve values of between around 20 % and 100 %.

Large-surface products are particularly well-suited to drying processes with gas infrared burners in principle. Inde-ed, gas infrared burners are used very successfully to dry coated paper web or coated steel strip, to quote examples.

The paper industry works with widths of up to 11 m running at speeds of more than 2000 m/min. While medium-wave gas infrared burners have been in use for decades to dry paper that has been coated on one or both sides, the new type of porous burners have only been in use since 2006.

Porous burners have more than proven their value in the harsh arena of everyday practical use. Measurements have confirmed that the high performance of the porous burner (connected loads of up to 1000 kW/m² possible) does not impair the quality of the paper in any way. The much higher supply of energy is used to the same extent for drying as is the case with the much weaker medium-wave burners.

This means that in the paper industry – using the same available space, meaning that no changes are made to the route taken by the web when switching to a porous burner system – the drying performance can be increased many times over.

Also of interest is the ability to balance out certain variations in moisture content across the width of the paper web. To achieve this, the required number of burner rows are fitted with a ‘profile correction’ system. This enables each individual burner in the row to supply varying output, based on the demands of the moisture profile (Fig. 2).

The humidity is measured continuously over the width of the web and the burner output of each individual burner is automatically modified so that the residual moisture beyond the IR zone is as even as possible throughout the width of the web.

poRous buRneRs foR dRying coated steel stRipsThe use of porous burner to dry coated steel strip is rela-tively new. The speeds that the strip move at here are much lower than those of the paper industry, but that does not mean that the task at hand is any less complex, as shown

by the following requirements profile:

Strip width: 700 to 1750 mmStrip thickness: 0.25 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 3 to 130 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 4 g/m² per side, wetStrip supply temperature: 35 °CStrip outlet temperature: min. 100 °C PMT (peak metal temperature)Direction of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners for each line side. The heated width could be switched to 900, 1200, 1500 width levels.

Therefore, with strip of 700 mm in width, a heated width of 900 mm was used, while with a strip width of 1750 mm, a width of 1800 mm was used for using. The different heated widths are shown in Fig. 3.

Output is regulated on the basis of the thickness of the material, the speed and the coating material. The various parameters and settings are stored in the PLC as a formula to enable the dryer to enter the correct mode of operation auto-matically when a stored formula is preselected. This means that the correct width, the required output and the appro-priate number of burner rows are automatically activated.

Each twin row is fitted with a swivel joint that enables it to be folded away 90° when no longer in use. The swivel joint was fitted for two reasons:1. The first is that in the event that the strip stops suddenly,

the rows can be folded down and operated in low-load mode. This ensures that the strip does not overheat. When the strip is moving again, production can be resu-med almost immediately.

2. Furthermore, in the interest of easier maintenance, where strip is running at a height of over 2 m, platforms are integrated into the dryers. This enables easy access to the burners while they are folded away.And replacing a burner is also very simple. Simply remove

the four screws on the rear side of the burner, then the new burner and its mounting can be fitted. There is no need to disconnect a gas hose, valve or similar to replace a burner.

In another case, there was a need to increase the output of a dryer, because the circulating air dryer in use until then sim-ply did not provide enough drying performance, even though the ambient air temperature was set as high as possible.

Strip width: 650 to 1650 mmStrip thickness: 0.3 to 3.00 mmStrip speed: 150 m/min Coating: aqueousCoating weight: 5 g/m² per side, wetDirection of strip running: horizontalThree twin rows are fitted with a total of 144 porous burners

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An den Vulkan-Verlag GmbHFrau Claudia WolffPostfach 10 39 6245039 Essen, Deutschland Fax: +49 201 82002 40E-Mail: [email protected]

Ich/wir bestellen für 2019

Bearbeiter

E-Mail-Adresse für Korrekturversand

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Präsentieren Sie das Leistungsspektrum Ihres Unternehmens

Tragen Sie hier Ihre Firmenanschrift ein:

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1. Hauptrubrik für Kalenderjahr 2019 € 740,–(heat processing 1 – 4 / 2019), inkl. Firmenlogo und Verlinkung zur Homepage.

Jede weitere Hauptrubrik: 50 % RabattUnterrubriken kostenfrei

Die Einträge erfolgen jeweils bis zum Ende des Kalenderjahres und enden dann automatisch. Bei Beginn im laufenden Kalenderjahr werden die Kosten anteilig berechnet.

Online-Version des Bestellformulars unter www.heat-processing.com/market-place/

Vulkan-Verlag GmbHFriedrich-Ebert-Str. 5545127 Essen, DeutschlandTel. +49 201 82002 0Fax +49 201 82002 40E-Mail: [email protected]

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Wählen Sie die Stichworte aus, unter denen Ihr Eintrag stehen soll:I. Furnaces and plants for industrial heat

treatment processes

Thermal production Brazing Calcination Electroslag refining Firing Melting out of metal Sintering

Melting, pouring, casting Holding (liquid phase) Holding and pouring Induction stirring/braking Inductive melting Melting Transport/Handling

Powder metallurgy De-waxing Sintering

Heating Conductive heating Heating by vacuum and protective gas atmosphere processes

Holding Impulse heating Induction billet heating Inductive heating Laser heating Microwave and Infrared heating Preheating

Reheating Resistance heating Thixo forming

Heat treatment Annealing Baking Carbonitriding Carburizing Drying Forging Hardening Homogenizing Induction hardening Laser Conditioning Nitriding Solution and Aging Tempering Sintering

Cooling and Quenching

Cleaning and drying

Surface treatment Coating Inductive heating for coating Metal coating Nitrocarburizing Non-metal coating Oxidising

Joining Brazing Connecting

Shrinkage Welding

Recycling Re-melting Vakuum thermal

Energy efficiency

Retrofit

II. Components, equipment, pro duction and auxiliary materials

Quenching equipment Hardening bath Nozzles for gas quench Quench ants Quenching tanks

Fittings Air Gas Water

Transport equipment Charging machines Mobile vessels Storage

Burners Channel burners Co-flow burners Dust burners Flares

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Flat flame burners Gas burners Low NOx burners Multi fuel burners Oil burners Oxy fuel burners Radiant tube burners Recuperative burners Recuperative gas burners up to 1,200 kW Regenerativ burners Special burners Swirl burners

Burner applications Boiler firing Industrial furnance – direct heated Industrial furnance – indirect heated Recuperative thermal oxidation

Burner equipment Air supply Firing control Fittings Flame monitoring Fuel systems Hot gas regenerator/combustion chamber Process control Radiant tubes Recuperators Regenerators

Racks

Construction elements Metal Ceramic Graphite

Hardening accessories

Resistance heating elements

Casting and melting accessories

Forging accessories

Inductors Design of inductors for all applications Process development

Pumps, blowers and fans

Gases Exo-/Endo gas producers Gas producers Gaseous fuels Liquefield petroleum gas Natural gas Process gases

Measuring and automation Automation and process control engineering

Gas analysing Gas composition Measuring technique Moisture metering Monitoring of process O2 sensors Pressure Process automation Process controllers Process documentation Process simulation Sensors Temperature Volume flow

Power supply Converter DC, MF and HF generators Generators HF, MF and SDF® generators Induction heating systems for extrusion and forging of metals

MF and HF generators Power controllers Relays Transformers

Ventilating systems

Cleaning and drying equipment

Vacuum technology Components Pumps

Refractories High temperature wool Insulation Refractory masses Shaped refractory products

III. Consulting, design, service and engineering

Consulting for all applications of inductive heating

IV. Trade associations, institutes, universi-ties, organisations

V. Exhibition organizers, training and education

VI. Translations

Ihr Kontakt zum Market Place der heat processing:Claudia Wolff • Tel. +49 201 82002 24 • E-Mail: [email protected]

und unter www.heat-processing.com/market-place/

Angekreuzte Unterrubriken (schwarze Schrift) einer Hauptrubrik (farbige Schrift) werden kostenfrei als Zusatzinformation unter Ihren Eintrag gesetzt.

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Auflagen- und Verbreitungsanalyse hp

Empfängergruppen Anteil an tatsächlich verbreiteter Auflage

in % Exemplare

Verarbeitende Industrie (Gießereien, Härtereien, Schmieden, Betreiber von Industrieofenanlagen) 54,3 1.071

Anlagenhersteller 26,2 516

Feuerfestbranche 8,8 173

Brenner und Brennerzubehör 7,6 151

Mess- und Regeltechnik 3,1 61

Summe: 100,0 1.972

Branchen/Wirtschaftszweige/Verbreitungswege:

Auflagenkontrolle: IVW-geprüft Auflagen-Analyse: 4. Quartal 2018

Druckauflage: 2.000Tatsächlich verbreitete Auflage (TvA): 1.972Verkaufte Auflage: 83 Freistücke: 1.889 Messeexemplare

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heat processingonline hp

heat processingonline vereint Wissen, Markt und Anwender!

Das Portal bietet viele Möglichkeiten:

• fundierte Recherche nach Inhalten und B2B-Wissen

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NEWS aus der Welt der Thermoprozesstechnik

MediumDer Online-Newsletter heat processing erscheint monatlich in englischer Sprache. Der Newsletter informiert über Themen aus der Thermoprozess-technik, der Wärmebehandlung, dem Ofenbau und der entsprechenden Anlagentechnik. Als monatliche Publikation ergänzt der Newsletter das Fachmagazin heat processing. Herausgeber beider Medien ist der Vulkan Verlag. Der Newsletter sowie das Fachma-gazin heat processing bieten Lesern in aller Welt technisches Fachwissen, Informationen über aktuel-le Marktentwicklungen sowie Neuigkeiten aus der Thermoprozesstechnik-Branche.

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