#22

Unit I – Test Review

30 matching/multiple choice/fill in questions

1 written piece.Your binder is also due!

Study #5Unit I – Introduction to Participation In Government

1. National, state, and local public officialsA. President – Barack ObamaB. U.S. Senators – Kristen Gillibrand and Charles SchumerC. Governor – Andrew CuomoD. Town Supervisor – Tony LaFountain

2.The branches of the U.S. government A. LegislativeB. ExecutiveC. Judicial

3.The levels of governmentA. Federal - President, Congress, Supreme Court, etc.B. State - Governor, NY State Assembly, NY State Senate, NY State Supreme Court, etc.C. Local - County, City, Town, Village Governments; This includes school boards.

4. Necessity of GovernmentA. Why do we need a government?B. What if we did not have a government?C. How can citizens participate in government?

5. Purposes and principles of American governmentA. What is democracy?B. What is a Republic?C. What is a Constitutional Government?

6. Basic ideas and documents that formed American government A. Mayflower compactB. Declaration of IndependenceC. United States ConstitutionD. Bill of Rights

Who are they? (check #5)

What are the branches of the U.S. government?(Study #5)

The branches were created to describe and distribute the powers of the federal government.(Checks and Balances):

The legislative branch which creates the laws = Congress

The executive branch which executes (To put into effect;carry out) the laws = President

The judiciary branch which interprets the laws (judicial review) = Supreme Court and court system.

What are the levels of government?(#5 Again)

A. Federal - President, Congress, Supreme Court, etc.

B. State - Governor, NY State Assembly, NY State Senate, NY State Supreme Court, etc.

C. Local - County, City, Town, Village Governments; This includes school boards.

Why do we need a government?From reading assignment #7 you learned:

Vocabulary – Natural rights, Absolute Power, stateof nature, consent of the governed, social contract.

Also

According to John Locke the main purpose ofgovernment should be to protect the people’snatural rights. Governments were needed to keepus out of the state of nature which would bringchaos.

How can citizens participate in government?

In Assignment #11 you learned:

• The difference between a citizen and an alien

• Participating in government is important to our own self-interests

• Voting, signing a petition, attending meetings, etc.

What is democracy? #13EtymologyThe word democracy derives from the ancient Greek demokratia formedfrom the roots demos, meaning “people” or “the mob, the many” and kratosmeaning “rule.”

In the dictionary definition, democracy "is government by the people in which

the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or

by their elected agents under a free electoral system." In the phrase of

Abraham Lincoln, democracy is a government "of the people, by the people,

and for the people.“

Direct Democracy - Athens Greece: A direct democracy is when citizensin a community meet in one place to make laws and decide actions

What is a Republic? #14

Representative Democracy – Roman

Republic: In a representative democracy

citizens elect officials to represent them in

government; also called a republic.

The Roman Republic had elections but again

women, slaves, and the large foreign population

were excluded. The votes of the wealthy were

given more weight and almost all high officials

come from a few noble families.

What is a Constitutional Government?#16

A Constitutional Government must have a

constitution that defines the framework of

the government in power.

Within this framework must be built in limits

on government powers to be a true

constitutional government.

Basic ideas and documents that formed American government

1. Mayflower Compact (Social Contract)

#13

2. Declaration of Independence (defends natural rights and social contract theory)

#13

3. The Constitution of the United States #13, #16, (social contract “WE the people…”)

Why do we have the Bill of Rights? #19• The constitution itself mentions nothing about

citizens rights and personal freedoms, it just spells out the framework of our government

• The Bill of Rights spells out a citizens rights and personal freedoms that the government must protect

• It secured the “great rights of mankind”

Supreme Court Cases

•Tinker v Des Moines #12

•Santa Fe Independent School District v Jane Doe (2000) #21