2384 ethics & social responsibility (october 12 2010)
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Ethics & Social Responsibility
October 12, 2010
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Definitions
Ethics
� Relating to good & bad, moral duty & obligation; the
consensually accepted standards of behaviour for anoccupation, trade or profession.
Morality
� The precepts of personal behaviour based on
religious, philosophical, or cultural grounds.Law
� Formal codes that permit or forbid certain behaviours.
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What is Ethics?
� At the most basic level, ethics is concernedwith how we act and how we live our lives.
� Ethics is, in this sense, having to do with howwe act, choose to behave, and do things.
� Social Sciences emphasize that ethics isnormative, in that it deals with our reasoning
about how we SHOULD act.� An account of how and why people DO act
the way they do.
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Ethics: How should we live?� The fundamental question of ethics can be
interpreted in two ways.
� µWe¶ can mean us individually or us collectively.� This is a question about how I should live my life,
how I should act, what I should do, and what kind
of person I should be.
� The meaning of ethics is sometimes referred toas MORALITY and it is the aspects of ethics that
we refer to by the phrase µpersonal integrity¶.
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Business Ethics
� Oxymoron or Practical Reality?
� Do all business tell µwhite lies¶?
� Business Ethics is complying with rules,customs, expectations, principles of morality, policies of the organization, needsof others, fairness; how products/ services &
the actions of organizations can affectstakeholders (and society), either positivelyor negatively.
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EthicalD
ilemma & IssuesEthical Dilemma:
� A situation that is problematic and makes an
individual ask what is the ³right´ or ³wrong´thing to do
Ethical Issue:
� An ethical issue is an identifiable problem,situation, or opportunity that requires a
person to choose from among several actions
that may be evaluated as right or wrong,
ethical or unethical.
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Ethical Issue Categories� Conflict of Interest
� Fairness and Honesty� Communications
� Business Relationships
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Factors that Influence
Business Ethics
Individual
Standards
and
Values
Individual
Standards
and
Values
Managers¶
and
Coworkers¶
Influence
Managers¶
and
Coworkers¶
Influence
Opportunity:
Codes and
Compliance
Requirements
Opportunity:
Codes and
Compliance
Requirements
Ethical/Unethical
Choices
in Business
Ethical/Unethical
Choices
in Business
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Supporting EthicalB
ehaviour Ethical code of conduct
� Establishes standards of behaviour
� Problem: Limited effect alone on ethical behaviour Ethics training
� Awareness and clarification of ethics code
� Practice resolving ethical dilemmas
Ethics officers� Educate and counsel; hear about wrongdoing
Ethical leadership� Demonstrate integrity and role model ethical
conduct
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Social Responsibility� Business¶s obligation to maximize its
positive impact and minimize its
negative impact on society
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Dimensions of Social
Responsibility± Economic Responsibilities
± Legal Responsibilities
± Ethical Responsibilities
± Voluntary
Where do Environmental Responsibilities fit?
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The Pyramid of Social
Responsibility
Ethical Responsibilities
being ethical; doing what is right, just,
and fair; avoiding harm
Voluntary
Responsibilities
being a
³good corporate citizen;´
contributing to thecommunity and quality of life
Source: Adapted from Archie B. Carroll, ́ The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility: Toward the MoralManagement of Organizational Stakeholders.µ Business Horizons 34 (July/August 1991): 42.
Legal Responsibilitiesobeying the law (society¶s codification
of right and wrong)
Economic Responsibilities
being profitable
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Social Responsibility Issues� Relations with owners and shareholders
� Profit and ROI
� Employee relations:� Providing a safe workplace, adequate pay,
information about the company, listening togrievances, and treating employees fairly
� Consumer relations:
� Respecting the rights of customers andproviding them with safe and satisfying
products
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Social Responsibility Issues� Environmental issues:
� Animal rights
� Pollution
� Community relations:
� Responsibility to the general welfare of
the community