25 Years of AIDS – The 25 Years of AIDS – The Global ResponseGlobal Response

16 August 200616 August 2006

XVI International AIDS ConferenceXVI International AIDS Conference

TorontoToronto

Global HIV prevalence in adults, 1985Global HIV prevalence in adults, 1985

UNAIDS/WHO, 2006

Global HIV prevalence in adults, 1995Global HIV prevalence in adults, 1995

UNAIDS/WHO, 2006

Global HIV prevalence in adults, Global HIV prevalence in adults, 20052005

UNAIDS/WHO, 2006

25 years of responding to AIDS25 years of responding to AIDSFirst cases of unusual immune deficiency are identified among gay men in the USA, and a

new deadly disease noticed

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is identified as the

cause of AIDS

Scientists develop the first treatment regimen to

reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV

Brazil becomes the first developing country to provide antiretroviral

therapy through its public health system

WHO and UNAIDS launch the "3 x 5" initiative with the goal of reaching 3

million people in developing world with antiretroviral therapy by 2005

The first HIV antibody test becomes available

In Africa, a heterosexual AIDS

epidemic is revealed

Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment launched

The World Health Organization launches the Global Programme

on AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

(AIDS) is defined for the first time

The first therapy for AIDS — zidovudine, or AZT —

is approved for use in the USA

Global Network of People living with HIV/AIDS (GNP+) (then International Steering Committee of People Living

with HIV/AIDS) founded

Drug Access Initiative is launched in Africa

International AIDS Conference in Durban

The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria launched

The UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS

In 1991-1993, HIV prevalence in Uganda and in Thailand begins to decrease, the first major downturn in the epidemic in

developing countries

UNAIDS is created

Mill

ions

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

01980 ‘81 2005‘82 ‘83 ‘84 ‘85 ‘86 ‘87 ‘88 ‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04

People living with HIV Children orphaned by AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

President Bush announces PEPFAR

Projet SIDAProjet SIDA

25 years of responding to AIDS25 years of responding to AIDSFirst cases of unusual immune deficiency are identified among gay men in the USA, and a

new deadly disease noticed

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is identified as the

cause of AIDS

Scientists develop the first treatment regimen to

reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV

Brazil becomes the first developing country to provide antiretroviral

therapy through its public health system

WHO and UNAIDS launch the "3 x 5" initiative with the goal of reaching 3

million people in developing world with antiretroviral therapy by 2005

The first HIV antibody test becomes available

In Africa, a heterosexual AIDS

epidemic is revealed

Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment launched

The World Health Organization launches the Global Programme

on AIDS

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

(AIDS) is defined for the first time

The first therapy for AIDS — zidovudine, or AZT —

is approved for use in the USA

Global Network of People living with HIV/AIDS (GNP+) (then International Steering Committee of People Living

with HIV/AIDS) founded

Drug Access Initiative is launched in Africa

International AIDS Conference in Durban

The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria launched

The UN General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS

In 1991-1993, HIV prevalence in Uganda and in Thailand begins to decrease, the first major downturn in the epidemic in

developing countries

UNAIDS is created

Mill

ions

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

01980 ‘81 2005‘82 ‘83 ‘84 ‘85 ‘86 ‘87 ‘88 ‘89 ‘90 ‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04

People living with HIV Children orphaned by AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

President Bush announces PEPFAR

Total annual resources available for AIDSTotal annual resources available for AIDS1986‒20051986‒2005

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

US

$ m

illi

on

292 1623

8297Signing of Signing of

Declaration of Commitment Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS, UNGASS on HIV/AIDS, UNGASS

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 20051986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

Less than US$ 1 million

59 212

World BankMAP launch

Global Fund

PEPFAR

257

[i] 1996-2005 data: Extracted from 2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)[ii] 1986-1993 data: AIDS in the World II. Edited by Jonathan Mann and Daniel J. M. Tarantola (1996)

Notes: [1] 1986-2000 figures are for international funds only [2] Domestic funds are included from 2001 onwards

UNAIDS

HIV prevalence (%) among pregnant women HIV prevalence (%) among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in sub-Saharan countries attending antenatal clinics in sub-Saharan countries

with prevalence decline, 1997/98‒2004with prevalence decline, 1997/98‒2004

2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

Kenya

Zimbabwe

Burkina Faso

Uganda

1997‒1998

1999‒2000

2001 2002 2003 20040

5

10

15

20Median

HIV prevalence (%)

40

35

30

25

North Africa and the Middle East

Europe and Central Asia

East, South and South-East Asia

Latin America and the Caribbean

Sub-Saharan Africa

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

End 2002

Mid-2003

End 2003

Mid-2004

End 2004

Mid-2005

End 2005

People receiving therapy

(thousands)

Number of people on antiretroviral therapy Number of people on antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries, 2002‒2005in low- and middle-income countries, 2002‒2005

2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (UNAIDS, 2006)

Planning and acting for success:Planning and acting for success:

LeadershipLeadership

FundingFunding

Making the money workMaking the money work

Social change: Tackle the structural drivers of the epidemicSocial change: Tackle the structural drivers of the epidemic

Research & DevelopmentResearch & Development

Maintaining the Maintaining the exceptionality of AIDS – but exceptionality of AIDS – but at the core of development at the core of development

agendas not outsideagendas not outside