250 to 5000 watts pwm dc_ac 220v power inverter.pdf
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(/id/Transforminga300WSinewaveDCACminiinvertert)
inverter (/tag/typeid/categorytechnology/keywordinverter/)
converter (/tag/typeid/categorytechnology/keywordconverter/)
dc (/tag/typeid/categorytechnology/keyworddc/)
ac (/tag/typeid/categorytechnology/keywordac/)
pwm (/tag/typeid/categorytechnology/keywordpwm/)
3524 (/tag/typeid/categorytechnology/keyword3524/)
dc ac (/tag/typeid/categorytechnology/keyworddc+ac/)
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YOUR GUIDE TO DC to ACPOWER INVERTERS(/id/YOURGUIDETODCtoACPOWERINVERTERS/)Udhëzues juaj për DC përtë AC Inverter Fuqie(/id/UdhëzuesjuajpërDCpërtëACInverterFuqie/)by nardiwebspure sine wave inverterusing pic microcontroller(/id/puresinewaveinverterusingpicmicrocontroller1/)Easy High Voltage DCCrank up Generator.(/id/EasyHighVoltageDCCrankupGenerator/)by joel.lagace.1412vDC to 220vAC 100wattsinverter (/id/12vDCto220vAC100wattsinverter/)by Nick_Zouein
This is a heavy duty design of a Pulse Width Modulator DC/AC inverter usingthe chip SG3524 .I've been using it as a backup to power up all my house when outages occursince aprox. 6 years non stop.
If you like the work and intend to build the circuit don't forget to click on the"follow" button so I know how many people benefit from the design, Thanks.
Notes:
1> The schematic circuit design is for a 250 watt output, while the pics are of my
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1500 watts inverter that i built, to increase the power of the circuit you have toadd more of the Q7 and Q8 transistors in parallel, each pair you add willincrease your power by 250 watts, ex: to get 750 watts of power from theinverter you need to add in parallel 2 of Q7 and 2 of Q8 to the original design.
2> If you increase the power transistors you have to enlarge the T2 transformerto match the new needs, the circuit's transformer is rated 25 amps to handle 250watts of 220v, for every 1 additional amp you need on the 220v side you have toincrease 10 amps on the 12v side, of course there are limits to the thickness ofthe winding so if you need more than 750 watts i recommend that you use a24VDC supply instead of 12 volts:
DC voltage and Transformer "T2" winding recommendation:Power Supply Winding750w 12VDC P:24V "12012" / S:220V1500w 24VDC P:48V "24024" / S:220V2250w 36VDC P:72V "36036" / S:220V3000w 48VDC P:96V "48048" / S:220V3750w 60VDC P:120V "60060" / S:220V4500w 72VDC P:144V "72072" / S:220V5250w 84VDC P:168V "84084" / S:220V*The transformer should be "center tapped" at the primary side.**You can make the secondary 110v if needed.***The transformer in the pic is a custom made (48V center tapped / 220v ) 2000watts, weights like 10 kilos.
3> R1 is to set the PWM duty cycle to 220v. Connect voltmeter to the output ofyour inverter and vary VR1 till the voltage reads 220V.
4> R2 is to set the frequency to 50 or 60 Hz (R2 range is between 40Hz to75Hz), so guys that do not have a frequency meter are advised to blindly put thisvariable resistor midway which should drop you in the range of 50~60 Hz.If you want you can substitue the variable resistor with a fixed resistor using thefollowing formula: F = 1.3 / (RxC)in our case to get a 50Hz output we remove both the 100K and the variable100K both from pin 6 and we put instead a 260K fixed resistor and we leave the0.1uF (the 104 cap) as it is, this change should give out a fixed 50Hz as per theformula :1.3 / (260,000 ohm x 0.0000001 farad) = 50HzBut in reality it will not exactly give 50Hz because the 260K resistor has aspecific error value margin so does the capacitor, that's why i recommend avariable resistor so that accurate calibration can be achieved.
5> Use either tantalum or polyester film "as in pic" for the 104 caps, ceramic disccaps change value once hot and this in turn changes the frequency of theinverter so they are not recommended.
6> Pin 10 of the SG3524 can be used to auto shut down the inverter, oncea positive voltage is given instead of negative to pin10, the SG3524 will stoposcillating. This is useful for persons wanting to add some cosmetic makeup totheir inverters like overload cutoff, low battery cutoff or overheating cutoff.
7> Wiring connections on the power stage side should be thick enough tohandle the huge amps drain from the batteries. I marked them with dark blackon the schema also I included a pic so you see how thick those wires must be.
8> The design does not include a battery charger since each person will bebuilding a custom version of the inverter with specific power needs. If you areordering a custom made transformer you can ask them to take out for you anadditional output wire on the primary side to give 14v (between point 0 and thisnew wire) and use it to charge a 12v battery, of course this needs a seperatecircuit to control charging auto cutoff. But anyway this is not advisable becauseit will shorten the life of the transformer itself since using it as a charger will toastthe enamel coating layer of the copper wires over time. Anyway .. YES can bedone to reduce cost.
9> A cooling fan will be needed to reduce heat off the heat sinks andtransformer, i recommend getting a 220v fan and connecting it to the output T2
transformer, when you power up the circuit the fan will start this will always giveyou a simple way to know that 220v is present and everything is OK.. You canuse a computer's old power supply fan if you like.Note that the fan must suck air out from the inverter case and NOT blow inside,so install it the correct way or it will be useless.Also note how I fixed both the heat sinks and where the fan is, in a way that thefan sucks hot air from like a channel between the 2 heatsinks.
10> 2 circuit breakers are recommended instead of fuses, one on the DC sideand one on the AC side, depending on your designEx: for a 24vDC ( 1500 watts design ) put a 60Amp breaker on the DC side anda 6Amp on the AC side.For every 1amp of 220vAC you will be draining like 8 to 10 Amps from the 12vbattery, make your calculations !
11> The 2 Heat sinks should be big enough to cool the transistors, they areseparate and should NOT touch each other. "see the pics"
12> Important: If you're building a big design that uses more than 24VDC aspower source, make sure not to supply the driver circuit with more than 24vmaximum. (EX: If you have 4 batteries 4x12 = 48v , connect the v+ supply of thedriver circuit to the second battery's (+) terminal with a thin 1 mm wire which ismore than enough. this supplies the driver circuit with +24v while supplies thepower transformer with +48v) "see the batteries pic example"
13> "Optional" : Deep Cycle batteries are your best choice, consider them forbest results .. read more (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_cycle_battery)
14> Be cautious when building this circuit it involves high voltage which is lethal,any part you touch when the circuit is ON could give you a nasty painful jolt,specially the heatsinks, never touch them when the circuit is on to see if thetransistors are hot !! I ate it several times :)
15> The optional "Low voltage warning" is already embedded in the PCB layout,you can disregard it and not install it's components if you do not need it. It doesnot affect the functionality of the main circuit.
16> The Motorola 2N6277 is a durable heavy duty power transistor, it is used inmany US tanks for it's reliability but unfortunately it is a very hard to findpart, instead you can substitute each 2N6277 with 2 x 2N3773 or anyequivalent.
17> I've included an optional "Battery level indicator" circuit diagram that has 4LEDs, you can see it installed on the front panel of my inverter pic, it isfunctioning great and shows precisely how much juice the batteries still have. Ihave included a small relay that is powered by the last LED to auto shutoff theinverter once last LED is off.
18> Also included an optional "Overload circuit", it is very easy to build and canbe calibrated to the desired overload current threshold cutoff point through thepotentiometer VR1.R1 is rated 5watts for inverters upto 1000 watts. For bigger versions of theinverter like 1000 to 3000 watts inverters, replace R1 (1 ohm, 5watts) with (1ohm, 17watts) which should handle loads upto 10 VA.Make sure you install a proper relay to handle big current drains.
19> Please guys take your time to read and understand my notes, browseand read the posts and questions asked by others because there are manyuseful information listed in replies. The main reason for me notanswering your question is because it has already been asked before andanswered upon.
20> It would be nice and inspiring for others if you take some photos andshow us how you built your version, any additions to the circuit are mostlywelcomed to be listed here, we can all benefit from them.
21> Please click on the "I've made it" button/icon if you did build thecircuit so I know how many people benefit from this design.
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250 to 5000 watts PWM DC/AC 220V Power Inverter by Nick_Zouein(/member/Nick_Zouein/)
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22> Testing your completed circuit with crocodile clips or thin wires WILLNOT WORK ! You'll get wrong voltage readings.
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oyinzy (/member/oyinzy/)
Hi Nick i want to ask if i could use diff power transistors in this project cozelectronic components availability and the cash to get it is a heck of a problemin my region.
oyinzy (/member/oyinzy/)
Hi Nick i want to ask if i could use diff power transistors in this project cozelectronic components availability and the cash to get it is a heck of a problemin my region.
oyinzy (/member/oyinzy/)
Oyinz
MathieuB1 (/member/MathieuB1/)
hello i de like to know if my transformer 12/220v 150VA could work for 3000watts output! thanks for helping me
AlexanderH4 (/member/AlexanderH4/) MathieuB1
150VA is 150 watts with a power factor of 1, so no.
mascarenhasrohan (/member/mascarenhasrohan/)
Is it a pure sine wave pwm inverter? Kindly reaspond. Thank you.
Thanks Nick, I made it. but i have problems with connecting the power diodes,when i connect them the way the look in the diagram, it does not work unless iremove them. so i connected them across the emitter and collector of thepower transistors. will it protect the transistors that way? thank you
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Nick_Zouein (/member/Nick_Zouein/) (author) eeteddy
Hello eeteddy,
Happy to hear that you built one. The diodes arenot necessarily needed, you can completelyremove them they will not make any effect on thefunctionality on the inverter.
eeteddy (/member/eeteddy/) Nick_Zouein
Thank you, but how do i protect the transistors from shortcircuit?
ciprian1903 (/member/ciprian1903/)
hello sir. i want to know if a 12v750w inverter can start a fridge that have a100w power motor, and if the inverter is pure or modified sine wave.good day
Premalal1965 (/member/Premalal1965/)
good day sir,I want make your inverter.but i have some miss understand,aboutpower transistor, and mosfet.that both has to use in same circuit or one of thatonly need .if both need to use,how to connect that pin number 11 and14.please advise.thank
s.v.premalal
meggyhimself (/member/meggyhimself/) Premalal1965
S.V, you should either use only power bipolarjunction transistors or power mosfets. Don't mixup the two
Finally made it! Works perfectly!
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Finally made it! Works perfectly!
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jawaaz.ab2 (/member/jawaaz.ab2/)
WHat if we use RC filter after pins 14 and 11 and then to mosfet so that wecan get a SInewave output..we can convert square wave into sine wave usingRC filter
Nick_Zouein (/member/Nick_Zouein/) (author) jawaaz.ab2
test it out and post us your results.
jawaaz.ab2 (/member/jawaaz.ab2/) Nick_Zouein
yes I tested that but The MOSFET's are not responding to SIne wavesignals,,,well we cant drive a MOSFET with AC signal....
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dessty (/member/dessty/)
i have a 48v center tapped trafo an 16* MJ11032 how power can i have withthis ?
8 transistors per side
dessty (/member/dessty/)
hi sir
can i use this 2000 w inverter for fridge and split 1.5 ch
dessty (/member/dessty/)
hi sir nick
plz how power can i have with 3 pairs of mj11032 of each side
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hii Nick , i make a this inverter , but problem is the transformer output is 115vac but i use 220vac and 12012 20A transformer so what is the problem inmy circuit ?
kathkathmina (/member/kathkathmina/)
hi i'm making an 300W inverter based on your circuit, how will I know howmany ampere the transformer is?
Nick_Zouein (/member/Nick_Zouein/) (author) kathkathmina
15 amps
hennie.gerber.3 (/member/hennie.gerber.3/) Nick_Zouein
Hi Nick
I have a 650VA Toroidal Transformer with 22V 022V center tapped.
Can I use it for the 24 V Purpose . I have tried itbut the Moment I Power on the Transistors Blow.Iused another Toroidal at lower Power and works .
Coukd it be the the Transformers windings areincorrect.
hennie.gerber.3 (/member/hennie.gerber.3/)
Hi Nick
The inverter is working but the feedback circuit does not seem to work.I haveused IRF130 Mosfets with a 200Watt 36V036V Transformer.When I adjust theVoltage pot nothing happens.So when i put load the Voltage drops from 220Vto about 170 V with a 550Watt Load.
Vickylbee (/member/Vickylbee/) hennie.gerber.3
Hello Hennie.gerber.3,
Yea, i got the same problem like you, so i'm reconstructing my circuit tosee if i'll get it right. Please do keep me informed if you figure out theproblem.
hennie.gerber.3 (/member/hennie.gerber.3/) Vickylbee
Hi
I managed to sort it , the problem is that thefeedback Circuit I fotgot to earth it.Look at theBridge rectifier for the Feedback there is a EarthSign.You need to earth it.
ronakpatel5391 (/member/ronakpatel5391/)
hii, nick when i connect the 12012 20A/ 220vac transformer then thetransformer output is 110v ac so what is the problem ?
hendra.kho.73 (/member/hendra.kho.73/)
Mr.Nick... I use transformator 10A CT 12v/ 220v and 5A 220v/ 12v. If You don'tmind, I need Your help to explaine about the cable, it's that true or not. Thx foryour help, GBU.
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hendra.kho.73 (/member/hendra.kho.73/)
Sorry Mr.Nick...I tried to send the picture last night but it failed. Since theconnection was bad ( the blank one) appeared on the forum five times. Sorryfor that. I don't want people think it's a joke
hendra.kho.73 (/member/hendra.kho.73/)
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hendra.kho.73 (/member/hendra.kho.73/)
Hi...Nick and someone who can help me....I need help, I've finished myinverter but no electricity flow. Was that because of the wrong wire installmentor what? Pin 11 and 14 are 3,8v each. I've tried to upsidedown the wire but itdidn't work. My questions are: 1. The flow BC 337 PCB to BasisTJP122. Howabout Emiter to Emiter? n Collector to Collector?
2. I've put on diode 6A, anode connected to emiter and catode connected toCollector. What should I do then? Where should the cables from Basis nEmiter go?
Thx Mr. Nick, GBU
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dumipunchi (/member/dumipunchi/)
I have made it.Great ,it's working without issues.I used IRF44Zx4 with12V/240V 8A transformer.1K used for 3.9K feedback circuit.Removed D1 D2in 12V transformer.
Thx Zouein.
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ezinne.gift (/member/ezinne.gift/)
pls help
ezinne.gift (/member/ezinne.gift/)
pls help
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