3 non communicable diseases
TRANSCRIPT
NON COMMUNICABLENON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DISEASES
Diseases and Diseases and Disorders Disorders
5:3 5:3 Mrs. Mrs.
NgawakaNgawaka
HealthHealth
Non Communicable Non Communicable DiseasesDiseases
Definition: A disease that CANNOT be transmitted by people, vectors, or contaminated objects.
Common Causes: CAN be caused by either Lifestyle, Genetic conditions or hazards in the Environment
Examples-Cardiovascular Disease-Cancer-Allergies-Diabetes-Arthritis
Cardio Vascular Disease Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD)(CVD)A disease that effects the HEART,
or BLOOD VESSELS.
Cardio Vascular
Types of Cardiovascular Types of Cardiovascular DiseaseDisease1. Hypertension- High Blood Pressure
◦Blood Pressure is the force pushing against the walls of the vessels.
◦Puts added pressure on the heart and vessels and can cause damage.
Blood PressureBlood PressureSystolic: Top number: amount of
pressure put on the walls while the heart is beating.
Diastolic: Bottom number: amount of pressure put on the walls while the heart is relaxed between beats.
Causes of Hypertension Causes of Hypertension (Write 3)(Write 3)
Types of Cardiovascular Types of Cardiovascular DiseasesDiseases
2. Atherosclerosis- A disease where you have plaque build up on artery walls.
3. Arteriosclerosis- A condition where you arteries become hardened or less elastic.
Leads to Problems with the Leads to Problems with the heartheart1. Angina Pectoris: Chest pain due
to lack of oxygen to the heart.-Lasts anywhere from a few
seconds to a few minutes.2. Arrhythmias: Irregular
heartbeats-Skipping-Fast/Slow-Generally common but can
cause problems.
Heart ProblemsHeart Problems
3. Ventricular Fibrillation- A type of arrhythmia where the electrical impulse that regulates the heart beat becomes rapid or irregular.-Most common cause of cardiac arrest
Heart ProblemsHeart Problems
4. Heart attack: When the heart muscle is damaged due to lack of oxygen.
Warning Signs Pressure or squeezing in chest Pain spreading through arms, neck
abdomen or back Chest discomfort with shortness of breath
Heart ProblemsHeart Problems
5. Congestive Heart Failure When the heart weakens and can no
longer maintain it’s regular pumping rate of force.
Causes-Heart attack-Atherosclerosis-high blood pressure-Illegal drugs
Problems in the BrainProblems in the Brain
1. Stroke: When an artery supplying blood to the brain bursts or is blocked.
◦Cerebral Hemorrhage: stroke when a brain blood vessel bursts.
DiagnosisDiagnosisElectrocardiogram (EKG)
produces a graph of the heart’s electrical activity.
DiagnosisDiagnosisMagnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI)◦Uses powerful magnets to produce
images of the heart.
DiagnosisDiagnosisAngiography
◦Thin, flexible tube guided through blood vessels to the heart.
◦Dye is injected and x rays are taken to look for obstructions in the heart.
TreatmentsTreatmentsCoronary Bypass
◦Vein taken from other part of the body to bypass the blockage.
• Angioplasty• Tube with balloon inserted to into
blocked artery. Balloon inflated to push against walls. Then deflated and removed. Metal structure may be placed to remain.
Angioplasty
TreatmentsTreatmentsPacemaker:
◦Implanted in chest and sends electrical impulses to the heart to make it beat regularly.
Risk Factors for Risk Factors for Non Communicable DiseaseNon Communicable Disease(Things that increase your chances of developing a (Things that increase your chances of developing a disease)disease)
1. Poor Diet2. Lack of Exercise3. Stress4. Tobacco, Drugs, Alcohol5. Family History6. Environment
How to take your blood pressure 1. Sit quietly for 3-5 minutes 2. Place the cuff one inch above the bend of the elbow tight
enough only to keep it from falling. 3.Place the disk of the stethoscope facedown under the cuff
just to the inner side of your upper arm. 4. Place stethoscope in your ears. Place the gauge in the open palm of your cuffed arm so you
can clearly see it. 5. Inflate the pump by squeezing it over and over with your
opposite hand until the pump reads about 145. Turn the knob on the pump counterclockwise to let air out
SLOWLY while you listen for heart sounds. 7. Remember the reading when you hear the first hearbeat.
This is your systolic pressure. 8. Remember when you no longer hear a heart beat. This is
your diastolic pressure.
Don’t do the rest of this Don’t do the rest of this power pointpower point
Diseases Project Diseases Project www.kidshealth.orgwww.kidshealth.org Hodgkin's Disease Types of Cancer Teens Get Cystic Fibrosis Canker Sores Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes Allergies Asthma Muscular Dystrophy Osgood-Schlatter Disease Scoliosis Epilespsy Migraine Headaches Hypertension
Cancer BasicsHeart DiseaseCerebral PalsyBreast CancerAlcohol (Alcoholism and health effects)Parkinson's DiseaseKids and Eating DisordersHow to Deal with HemopheliaSmoking StinksEek! It's EczemaAll About Eczema
Power Point RequirementsPower Point Requirements1. Title Page with name2. 8 Slides of Organized Information
Slide Title Main Points/Summary Examples Picture if available
3. Bibliography
CreativeVisually AppealingAccurate Information
Work together!!!!Work together!!!!
Directions: In your notes work together to find the information to the following questions. Both partnerships need to write the question and answer in their own notes.
Time: You have 15 minutes
QuestionsQuestions1. Name and define CVD.2. What can happen if hypertension continues
over a long period of time?3. How is a stroke similar to a heart attack? How
is it different?4. How can you reduce your risks for developing a
CVD?5. Explain how angioplasty works and describe
what a stent is. What specific heart problem does this fix?
6. What specific heart problem does an pacemaker correct?
7. Get the book and write down 4 risk factors,4 preventative measures, and explain why they are important.
8. What are 3 risk factors that are unavoidable?
AnswersAnswers1. Name and define CVD.
-Cardiovascular disease: a disease that affects the heart or blood vessels.
2. What can happen if hypertension continues over a long period of time?-It can damage the heart, blood vessels or other organs and result
in a much more serious condition.
3. How is a stroke similar to a heart attack? How is it different?-Both are caused by vascular problems, but a heart attack involves
damage to the heart and a stroke involves damage to the brain.
4. How can you reduce your risks for developing a CVD?-You can reduce your risks by staying fit and eating healthy foods.
5. Explain how angioplasty works and describe what a stent is. What specific heart problem does this fix?-You insert a balloon into a persons vein where there is a blockage.
Then inflate the balloon which enlarges the area. Then deflate and remove the balloon. Sometimes a metal wire cylinder is left behind which is a stent. This fixes atherosclerosis in particular.
AnswersAnswers6. What specific heart problem does
an pacemaker correct and how?-arrhythmias because it helps to regulate the
heart beat with electrical impulses.
7. Get the book and write down 4 risk factors,4 preventative measures, and explain why they are important.-page 693 in the book.
8. What are 3 risk factors that are unavoidable?-Heredity, gender, age