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A number of strategies have been used to encourage patient involvement in consultations in an attempt to increase understanding and memory for information (A) given giving them Roter for example examined the impact of a health educator identifying the questions that a group of poorly educated women wished to ask the doctor and writing them on a piece of paper to be taken into the consultation A second group of women who acted as a control group took in a similar piece of paper on (B) what I which were written the telephone numbers of various clinics Women in the experimental group asked more direct questions and were more likely to attend subsequent appointments than those in the control group However they did find the session quite (C) stressfulstressfully

+ (A) (B) (C)

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reggiven what stressfully )giving which stressfully reggiving what stressful

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Many people are afraid to fly even though air travel is statistically safer than traveling by car When we estimate

the frequency of events we base our CD judgments on the ease with which we can recall instances of the event in memory The more easily we can recall a memory for an event the more reg frequent we estimate the event to be Although fatal car accidents occur every day they are not as widely reg covered by the media as plane crashes are A fatal car crash may result in one or a few deaths but a plane crash usually involves larger numbers of fatalities Therefore when a plane goes down the news coverage is graphic horrifying and ) prolonged This leaves us with

a strong easily accessible memory for the plane crash The result is that when we think of ways to travel we

more readily recall memories of plane crashes and we may mistakenly reg underestimate the risk associated with air travel

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Coffee consumption has risen continuously creating third-world economies that were (A) resistant susceptible to the vagaries of the trade (the 2000 slump in coffee prices put thousands out of business) Coffee grew in almost every country between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn Along the equatorial zone

however the tree was capable of carrying new blossoms

side by side with the maturing cherries like an orange tree which (B) alleviated I necessitated the laborshyintensive business of handpicking the ripening cherries

Shipped to the developed countries coffee made millionaires out of the manufacturers but paupers of its producers due to rising labor cost In the second half of the twentieth century this led to ethical trade-not-aid campaigns from those religious and secular

organizations that had developed links with native communities Dismayed by the disparity between the

affluent cafe set and the estimated 25 million +subsistence farmers they set out to source goods

directly from the producers (C) limiting I passing profits back to the grower nations vagary cjpJ- ~~ ~~

(A) (B) (C)

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A shingle gets loose upon a mans house It cannot do much injury he says and so neglects it but the rain and snow get in unperceived and in a year or two twenty shingles are rotten and fall off Ah says the

man this has been neglected too long - all this might not have been lost with a few minutes trouble A great ship was going on a long voyage and when the passengers were all ready to sail it was discovered that one little plank seemed somewhat decayed It would have taken a day or two to have it repaired The captain could not wait - his time was precious and he thought the plank without a doubt would last through the voyage In mid ocean he encountered an iceberg The wormy plank could not endure such a shock the waters rushed in and the great vessel with its cargo and passengers sank to the bottom of the sea

CD A watched pot never boils reg A stitch in time saves nine reg Time and tide wait for no man Actions speak louder than words

gt reg One good turn deserves another c [571 c~ ~~totl ~OfiJ Wi 7~ ~~t~ j72AI2

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Every great idea in history has the fat red stamp of rejection on its face Its hard to see today because once ideas gain acceptance we ignore the hard paths they took to get there If you scratch any innovations surface youll find the scars theyve been roughed up and hit hard - by both the masses and leading minds shybefore they make it into your life Paul C Lauterbur winner of the Nobel Prize for co-inventing MRI

explained You can write the entire history of science in the last 50 years in terms of papers rejected by

Science or Nature Big ideas in all fields endure dismissals mockeries and persecutions on their way to

changing the world Many novels in classics libraries including James Joyces Ulysses Mark Twains The

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and J D Salingers The Catcher in the Rye were banned upon publication Yes It is hard to believe But true It is a misconception that ______

CD people love new ideas reg ideas are born not made reg labor gives birth to ideas the good ideas will survive reg innovation equals technology

Ir--shy Ever since the so-called cognitive revolution influenced social psychology in the late 1970s and eady 1980s the focus of research on stereotypes has been on how stereotypes are an inevitable by-product of normal cognitive processes Essentially this cognitive approach suggests that social information is quite complex and in

order to attend to as much information as possible large pieces of information are divided into small easily usable pieces of information In dividing large pieces of information into small simplified pieces we can use other attentional resources to concentrate upon other important information This approach has become known as the cognitive economy approach to stereotypes According to the cognitive economy

approach when I enter a racially mixed room if I can group all racial and ethnic people into separate categories it would ______

CD considerably alter the social cognition of them reg provide a wide range of insignificant information reg occupy only a few bits of my attentional resources reflect their primary categories for such experience reg reinforce negative stereotypes about different cultures +

ill1llW-B The Greek philosopher Aristotle was the first to

introduce the theory that art imitates nature However one of the difficulties with the idea of art as imitation is the fact that each person who is viewing hearing reading etc comes from a different perspective It would be difficult to evaluate art if one had never seen

or heard what is being imitated A person who had spent his or her entire life in a remote part of Alaska

could look at a painting of a palm tree and not consider it to be an imitation of nature A counterpart in the Caribbean may recognize the painting as an excellent imitation of a palm tree This inconsistency represents a major flaw in Aristotles theory it lacks more refined ideasabout __________

CD artistic talent reg public criticism reg viewer response historical background reg weather diversity

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You shouldnt judge a book by its cover Beauty is only skin deep People know better than to let physical attractiveness determine their perceptions of others personal qualities Or do they

(A) One reason is that extremely attractive people appear frequently in the entertainment media where they are mostly portrayed in a highly favorable light

(B) However research findings suggest that little correlation exists between attractiveness and personality traits Why do we inaccurately assume that a connection exists between good looks and personality

(C) Studies have shown that judgments of others personality are often swayed by their appearance especially their physical attractiveness People tend to attribute desirable personality characteristics to those who are good-looking seeing them as more sociable friendly and warm than those who are less attractive

-r CD (A) - (C) - (8) reg (8) - (A) - (C) reg (8) - (C) - (A)

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I started lying about my age the minute I decided to make dancing my profession It was something all the dancers I knew did on their resumes CD To admit to being more than a reasonably young age was to threaten your career because in the dance world its

supposed to be better to be younger reg Admittedly as a dancer youre dependent on your body and some of the changes it goes through may not be particularly helpful

to your dancing reg Generally ballet dancers begin serious training by the age of twelve with early training by the age of seven or eight But it also doesnt help your dancing to worry deny or become obsessed with it reg The more you focus on age as a negative factor in your dancing life the more it will become so

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In 2005 psychologist Noelle Chesley conducted a study of 1367 men and women who work have families and use cell phones She found these wireless devices may directly affect a persons family satisfaction because they tend to blur the traditional lines between work and family life For example a man might get a call from his boss inquiring about the current project he is working on while on a picnic with his family In this case the mans role of employee has spilled over into his separate role as a husband and father ChesleyS findings show

that while people with cell phones suffer from increased stress and lowered family satisfaction e-mail - a more passive form of communication - does not produce the same results This suggests that cell phones are more intrusive than other forms of communication and our happiness suffers as a result of this intrusion

Cell phones are (A) to family satisfaction since they (B) the distinction between family life and work

(A) (B)

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Once Sharon Taylor had a chance to coach a swimming

team that had been plagued over the years by overuse injuries Yet her team was proud of its hard-work ethic Their former coach taught the team to view the normal discomfort of training as a sign of growth and progress as opposed to something awful or intolerable For them training discomfort was just _______

Before long Sharon noticed her swimmers took their former coachs training philosophy too far and misinterpreted it She set a goal of having her swimmers distinguish between the discomfort of training and the pain of injury At the start of the season she discussed her

concerns and explained the differences between pushing through workouts and ignoring injury to swimmers who

had sustained overuse injuries during the preceding

season She then changed the training cycling scheme to include more days off and initiated a team rule that no one could train on the days off Sharon periodically discussed injury pain in contrast to training discomfort with her swimmers during the season and she reinforced correct behavior with praise and occasional rewards

+ As the season progressed the swimmers began to understand the difference between injury pain and the

normal discomfort of hard training At the end of the season most of the swimmers remained healthy and were

excited about their improved performance

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prospect of continued independence over reliance on support from family Unfortunately they rarely provide the quality of life that is found in their glossy

advertisements Apart from the exclusive care homes for the very wealthy they are frequently understaffed and

have poor medical and leisure facilities Residents typically complain of loneliness boredom lack of privacy

and being treated like children Dignity regextends as they

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toilet

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have already learned That might be a little extreme since there is a concept of trial and error However this

method is often time-consuming and stressful because many of us today cannot or are unwilling to put in the

amount of effort needed and tend to quit if their first try

is unsuccessful

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prospect of continued independence over reliance on support from family Unfortunately they rarely provide the quality of life that is found in their glossy

advertisements Apart from the exclusive care homes for the very wealthy they are frequently understaffed and

have poor medical and leisure facilities Residents typically complain of loneliness boredom lack of privacy

and being treated like children Dignity regextends as they

become reliant on staff to help them wash and go to the

toilet

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The slippery slope fallacy is so named because like a slippery slope on which you cannot gain a foothold once you start to slide you continue to slide until you crash to the bottom This fallacy occurs when the conclusion of an argument rests upon the claim that a certain event will set off a chain reaction yet there is not sufficient reason to think that the chain reaction will actually take place I read an article that suggested that if online gambling was legalized in the United States it would lead to an epidemic of poverty alcohol abuse death overdose and crime Some people say It seems that online gambling eventually leads to all of these

circumstances I do not know the result of legalization of online gambling in America but that the legalization will lead to our nation falling into poverty alcoholism and crime is a slippery slope fallacy The slippery slope fallacy is best avoided by not making claims that

+ CD everyone else agrees with it or is doing it reg a person is incompetent unreliable or stupid

reg something was common or popular in the past ) one step will cause exaggerated consequences reg there are only two alternatives when others exist

6

Psychologists have found that _____ to achieve some goal is likely to be much more effective

In a study an experimenter interviewed homeowners telling them he was investigating ways in which energy consumption could be reduced Half the subjects randomly selected were told that if they agreed to conserve energy their names would be mentioned in an article published in the local newspaper the remaining half were told their names would not be used Later in the year the amount of gas consumed in each house was

recorded The owners who had agreed to their names

being published had used significantly less gas than those who remained anonymous

CD a perfect anonymity reg the consumers aptitude reg a public commitment ) a thorough investigation reg the public education

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begins when specific types of stimuli activate specialized sensory receptors Whether the stimulus is light sound waves a chemical molecule or pressure your sensory receptors must translate this information into the only language your nervous system understands - the language of nerve impulses Once this translation occurs specialized neurons break down and analyze the

specific features of the stimuli At the next stage these numerous stimulus pieces are reconstructed into a neural representation that is then compared with previously stored information such as our knowledge of what particular objects look smell or feel like This

matching of a new stimulus with our internal storehouse of knowledge allows us to recognize the stimulus and give it meaning We then ______

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math teachers are not regarded as coming into their own until theyve been at their jobs for a decade ( ) )

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(A) Leaders on the other hand celebrate successes with the group and give credit where credit is due Where the manager blames subordinates for failures the leader accepts responsibility As such leaders tend to be far better at directing human resources than managers

(B) At the same time however they may blame staff when things fail and planned strategies backfire This creates a tense environment where resentment tends to build up and teamwork is drastically diminished

(C) Managers tend not to give credit to employees for successes but instead take credit themselves because as they see it the success of any project is their own success since they effectively managed all of the available resources

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bell During the 5-minute period subjects rang the bell

often More interesting however was the discovery that once the 5 minutes were up the pink elephants really took over Subjects who had tried not to think of pink elephants could think of little else after the 5 minutes expired

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When I went back to school I did some research regarding customer service and complaints It indicated for everyone complaint there were hundreds of customers who said nothing and just took their business elsewhere For those who did complain the most important concept in future business from that customer was whether or not she received an apology and a promise it would not happen again This does not just apply to sales but also how to handle negative product reviews concerns about qualities and web-site glitches While a positive response can bring you a bounty of goodwill and word-of-mouth +marketing a negative response makes you not only lose a customer but risk that one complaint turning into a viral word-of-mouth marketing Therefore hiding from returns

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The Great Wall has probably caught the imagination Transformers was given a rating of 12A that is children under 12 must be accompanied by an adult of foreigners more than anything else in China As early

However it was promoted to children as young as three as the eighteenth century the great lexicologist Dr

years old through a tie-in with a fast-food chain The Samuel Johnson waxed lyrical about it Indeed it tie-in was designed to make those interested in the film seems that it may have been Dr Johnson who first ~ 0l1V)- (

(A) I buy bought I the burgers and those interested in CD asserted that the Great Wall was the only thing built the burgers see the film But 3-year-olds cant see the by man visible from the moon This ridiculous claim has film without negotiating with their parents nor can 4- to been constantly repeated ever since sometimes in even ll-year-olds The way this sort of tie-in (B) Iworks more reg exaggerated form Carl Crow once regarded as working I is to dangle the carrot of the unobtainable in

a leading authority on China blandly stated that the front of kids in order to make it even more attractive A

Wall remains today as it has been for more than twenty sociologist has suggested that more young kids (C) ~

centuries the only work of man that is reg discernible go I to the cinema when ratings were upped in the

from Mars This appears in the fifth edition of hisUSA because this attraction of the forbidden proved a Handbook for China published in 1933 Such assertions huge marketing pull gained a spurious falsehood when one of the first men

-+ (A) (B) (C) actually to visit the moon was asked if he could see the

CD buy works went Wall and laughingly replied that he could It is in fact

regbuy working go quite difficult to discern the Wall from an airliner on the

regbuy works go approach to Beijing airport

bought working go

bought works went ~Tm

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There is great research to show that people value 2 c ~~ W~ ~ l ~ oJ~AJ- ~ ttl ~~ social skills at work more than they value job skills

Heres a clear example People would rather work with As we get wealthier money begins to warp the someone who is likable and incompetent than someone relationship between our wants and needs We come to who is competent but not likable And when someone is believe we need a winter holiday in the sun or a kitchen

extension and are rarely satisfied with CD what weve got not likable people start thinking the person is less

Thats why an astonishing 40 percent of Britons with competent whether its actually true or not What does

incomes over pound50000 a year - that is in the top 5 this mean to you Stop saying that you dont have time percent of earners - reg feel that they cannot afford to for office politics because office politics is really about buy everything they really need We then find regourselves being likable and the best way to look competent at working harder and harder to earn the money to satisfy work is not so much to do good work as to be likable our consumer desires and ratchet up our levels of So let some of the details go get rid of your personal debt in the process but in return fail to receive perfectionist tendencies which will probably eventually the benefits we had imagined This may leave us with a make you depressed anyway and start wanderingdiscontented yearning for even more luxuries keeping

around your office getting to know people us on a treadmill that ultimately breeds anxiety and depression Adam Smith recognized the dangers of CD 3J7ol-oJjAi -R 5t~ iojaJllt A]-~~31J- ~ Al410F ~q consumerism in the eighteenth century The pleasures of reg 3J7ol- li~31J- ~ Al4171 q-jt~Ai ~ )ijll~ llRaJ ~ tgt~oF ~Cwealth he said produce a few trifling conveniences to

reg 3J--oJjAi ~~jA~ ~Al l2-a111t ~~~~ 1I-jaJ 0F~qthe body but leave people more reg expose to anxiety to

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The insects we know today are always small There is a reason for insects to be small An insect cant breathe the way we do but it still needs to get oxygen to every cell of its body It has a simple and effective way of doing this Every insect has a network of hollow tubes leading from its outside to its inside These tubes have no pump to move air through them and just provide an air space where bouncy air molecules are always moving and mixing together Oxygen molecules from outside air are always working their way through the tubes trading places with other air molecules So the insect gets its oxygen by the mixing-up process of gas molecules Since insects are small their breathing system just fits their needs But if they were to become much larger they would not be able to ______

+

CD move naturally reg exhale bad odors reg get oxygen fast enough

digest and absorb nutrients reg develop breathing problems

6

The rate of change in our lives has accelerated Mass media constantly reminds us whats happening everywhere TV programs solve problems in less than an hour Commercials make us impatient to access new products Computers allow us to access data and perform functions in a fraction of the time once required We live in a world where we are often instantly gratified and as such are raising kids who believe that instant gratification is the norm I believe this will lead them to experience more disappointments in the future I myself am not a patient person When I make up my mind about something I take action right away I want to see results quickly But this I recognize is a flaw because I know it takes time ______

There are not really that many overnight success stories and those that seem like success we often come to find to be false

CD to see the fruits of our labors reg to catch up with the rapid change

reg to be a proponent in a new business to get satisfied with what we have now reg to be aware of things happening around us

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Of what value is history art or music to practical

business executives How will these areas be of help to the executive on the job There is no precise answer it may take many years before any impact on executive skills or corporate profits is felt Many corporate leaders however believe that such programs are

(A) A vice president of one large company said that the summer institute wont help the financial state of a company as much as it will help a companys

creative state We came to know that corporations must stop being shortsighted and learn to cope with longshyterm problems that might well destroy us This kind of

(B) alone could represent a handsome return

on the cost of such programs

(A) (B)

CD costly punishment regrare stimulation regvaluable prejudice costly association

regvaluable awareness

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Some years ago monks at a temple shared their temple compound with a cobra The chief monk told that theyd become used to meditating alongside the snake but eventually decided to take it away to a nearby forest

(A) An attempt to remove them using a vacuum cleaner failed - so they are appealing for help They cant

encourage anyone to harm the ants but they say that if someone turns up unbidden and deals with them then thats the will of the universe

(B) Now the place where it was has been taken by a colony of fire ants but the ants are dropping down from the temples sacred tree onto people meditating below shyand when they bite they cause painful swelling

(C) The chief monk practices letting go meditation - so he lets go of the pain - but out of consideration for worshippers less far along the path to enlightenment the

monks are looking for ways to persuade the ants to go

CD (A) - (B) - (C) reg (A) - (C) - (B) reg (B) - (C) - (A)

(C) - (A) - (B) reg (C) - (B) - (A)

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Many people believe that liars dont make eye contact but it is one of the oldest body language myths Sadly liars are usually experts at maintaining eye contact CD They tend to give a bit of extra eye contact because they

are well aware of the myth about eye contact reg Some

research links lying with such facial and bodily cues as increased pupil size and lip pressing but not with blinking or posture reg Instead of looking for stereotypical evasive glances you should be looking for any change from a persons normal behavior If a person gives you half the eye contact he or she usually gives you then you might have a liar reg But dont make

the mistake of looking for evasive eyes or you may be convinced the worlds most honestbut-shy person is a

total bald-faced liar evasive ~llj~H=-

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were often frustrated and frustrating constantly criticizing at one another She decided to take a lateral approach to the problem and asked each pupil to take

out a piece of paper and list the names of all the other

pupils in the class leaving a space between each name She then asked them to write down the nicest thing they

could say about every other one of their classmates Having done this the teacher gathered together the

papers and wrote out another sheet of paper for each

pupil that listed what all the other pupils had written about them The pupils were allowed to keep this

appreciation list Later the teacher noted that the pupils realized that their individual qualities had been

recognized and seemed more friendly toward one

another

When we hear of (A) things said about ourselves our feelings of (B) can be

strengthened

(A) (B)

CD negative frustration regpositive self-esteem reg critical humiliation objective fellowship reg complimentary shyness

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I grew up with the firm belief that gender differences are

not inborn but learned Other parents may have believed that pink and baby dolls and kindergarten teaching were

for girls and blue and trucks and engineering were for boys but my girl was going to be raised free of all that

harmful gender indoctrination Instead of dolls I gave my

little daughter her own set of tools I dont remember exactly when I began to suspect I was wrong Maybe it was

when my threemiddotyearmiddotold daughter was playing in her room a wrench in one hand and a hammer in the other To my surprise she was making the wrench ask the hammer out

Medical and psychological researchers ______

Their studies are making it ever clearer that as groups

men and women differ in almost every measurable aspect They say that men and women have different brain

development and thus interact with the world differently

The challenge that men and women confront is to put aside ideas of better and worse when it comes to their

many differences In some circumstances a typically feminine approach may be more effective in others a

classically masculine mode may have the advantage Learning to understand and appreciate one anothers

gender-specific qualities is the key to living more rich and

rewarding lives together + 11 ~1rQj lflU-oJl ~ oj~ ~pound 7~ 3i1l~ -5 ~

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reg have given up on supporting gender equality movement

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reg Gender Differences Nurtured in Society Born to Be Different but Understood reg Obstacles in Promoting Gender Equality

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bull cue H~ bull pupil ~Ar

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pressing but not with blinking or posture link A with B~ A-fI Bpoundf caaAI7ICf 2f~ ~oICf such A

as B~ Bpoundf ~g A 2~ ~olcf

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ot~2 bull pupil ~~ bull lateral ll2l ~221 bull appreciation ~Af e8 ~7f

bull She decided to take a lateral approach to the

problem and asked each pupil to take out a piece

of paper and list the names of all the other pupils

in the class leaving a space between each name

Ol SheOlI --Af decidedpoundf asked7f 0100~cf ltask

+ ~Ol + to + ~)f~gtg Oillli tH ~2fi1 yen sectfa-fCf 2f~ ~olq

[Solution

Ai~ ~ltt2 ole ~~Olllli A1poundOlI tHtH ~~Ie Y~ ~OlAi qrOl mI1 ~c1L1 AfiiOI pound~tgI ~

CfI 71I1 pound101 ~1717f o~q-E LH~olq l21 Epound aQf~2j Itf (A) (B)Olle ztzt positivepoundf selfshyesteemOIOl7fO~ ~cf

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CD yen~~pound - mJ

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~a~lt21 - yenli 2I~

-2J~fe - ~g

[11-12]

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Oiy~ o] olj~ ~1l~ 771Jl j~J-~q qe ljpoundgg Ig-~ 071 rl8Jg 71~oJl)i 7271~

~ 0j7 oo] ~ ~~ 0IJlll~~ sect~~ 71 7~ ~ a7 001~ ~~ oleJl ~~~71s2 ~q 6711il t-J-~ 0j7 001~ pound i5flsect-ftj 9ltr )pJ- ~~oJl)i 7~Jl1 opound-~ degl~q rltIJtJlll oj] t-J-~ Yl Oi~ ~oJ1Jl1 g 7 llE~ ~q 4l7 ~ ~7Is pound~qJl ~qljE-l ~1l671 )1~~~71 ~

tf6l 7] Qj6j-71e- ~q oosz~ t-J-~ il1f ~ltj ~o1~ t-oJl ~ ~71 ~ q ~ ~ t-011 ~ t1J-71~ gJl Juj~ ~oJl-i ~Jl ~1[ trJl~~ olq ~wshyJlIpound Juj ~ iJl717 t1J-71oJ1Jll Dllolsectll~ ~ tgtJlj 6]shyJl ~~q ~amp~ llltjamp ~z7~01 4l7 ~~~1[ ~

~8Jl71 )l~~q zg~ ~7~ f7]-Q aj7e ~ litEpound-i 7j~ pound ~11 7pg~ ~~oJl)i csectq ~ l cJ t8~61 6Jl ~q zg a7]-Q 0j7 e- ~7 q~J1] ~~Jl JoJ] lIj-e)i ~J-~ qsectJl1 AJ-~ ~~qJl ~~q a7Q 0j77 ~~6Jl ~ ~ s~ J~~ 7011loJ1 tJli5fl-i cJ tr JltjJl cJ t-J-q ee- )~zr~ A117i y ~ 01 c o-J ttl cft oJl-i~ 1tIJ3JEpound Oj)j3Jrl ~-2-~01 cJ Jt~3J~ ~Jl q~ J-toJ])i~ Jl~3J2pound aJ83Jrl ~-6j 01 0111 ~ 7~ ~q )ipound~ JoJ1 ~ 1~ 4f)J g ~ oji5H6il 771 ~ rl~6e ~~ 1lfl ~ 01 5c

3

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bull inborn Eti1d

bull indoctrination A~ ~EJ

bull ask out tilolsect i~5fCf

bull Learning to understand and appreciate one

anothers gender-specific qualities is the key to

living more rich and rewarding lives together

LearningOI ~xll -gQj 0l01(]j is7f --AfOICf

understand2f appreciate7f ~ ef Learning toOiI 01

Ol~Cf

11 est ilfi ~ 1m CD lSolution

iAf7f S 71E2Ai a~ Lfl~ ~2 21~ rl-11 ~ iJ-2f ~2I~ ca-11 ~if7f 1t83Hi1 ~CfE LH~OI 01 OlAIe5 iI0l1~ CD LH7f am1C ~~ 1171 AI~cr 7f ~~a-fCf

Watch your step

reg 1 ~fO 10i1 ~8a-fE ~~ g8~Cf

0110i1 Lj~ 3121 ~il1~ 8~~Cf

LH7f ~1~ ~Oil 2t5fE ~~ 87i~ ~i1 CUCf

Y1 ~sect ~sect~ A1a-i-E ~~ 1V1~Cf

12bullbulleq 21 ~il~ 1m) lSolutlon~

B~iJ- ()j~ AfOlOII ~ ~fOllf ~~ol e~HofAI2 l ~ ~fOl ~ 015HoHO~ t~ LIIsectOIB5 ~21 ~il~2pound

qEAI2t OloHil ~ll ElfOld 01 ~~orcf + Watch your step

CD iil~IAi a~21 8R1

reg J1if 0I1 l~ ~Dfq ~Af~7f

Af~IOlI 2I5HAi ~2m 1 ~fOI

~1 ~~ sBa-fE ~~ Ifs~W~ -3~

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11 pound1 [ ~51~~j~l3 SLP ~Of -~rs ~ c5H~

Watch your step

Ol~ gg21 the snake~ (B)21 ~mJ ~21 itO I ~i1 CU

ef (B) gg21 W orA11j painful swelling~ (C) fEg21

the pain2pound ~i1 2Cf (C) eurog21 orA11j fff the

ants~ (A) gg21 ~raquoH ~1Ai them2pound ~i1 CUef

9bulltJlt sect3~ yenpoundtt ~~ mJreg

~~ltH~ w -EJ-~ol 7j-3lWA~ol~ C~ ~4=-71 ~~q

Jl ~71il- J -3l~ 0iQ ~tt1~ 7~ 2-il1-yen t shy7j ~~ ~ g 6t-J-01q oH-6i6J1]s 7j-3~A~ol

~ 7-l14fC~ ~t 01l-i ~~7~01q J~ ~~O11 ~~ -2-7j ~~ ~goJ]~8Jl ~ ~7j trJl ~O11 z~ c ~ ti ~t ~ ~~J=deg1 ~q (~~ ~r

~ 7j-3l~~ ~PJ--yen C87Q ~~ fsect~ if ~~~ 1l~1~ 1l~Q ~~-3l7jil- ~ 7JlJlIj-~olt-J- 7 l1~ ~~-3l71 ~qJ ~nj6e A1~ if ~j

~ 1l~~ -t~ tJl1l OjCiI J AEt~ ~J-A1

lt5raquo01Vil1~~ ~ ~oot wolq Oittl AEt oj ~J-AJolj 6e ~-g-~ Itil- 6Jl ~q~ J A ~ 71-3l~~ 6Jl ~~ ~ ~q 67jtft iE-1~ ~ nj6e ~ -t~ 1l~~ 671 we Jt71 f2~

Oj CiI iFJ-011-i 7~ ~Oi67jil- ~~~ AEJshy01 ~~6j ~~~ 7j-3~A~oleJl ~116Jl1 ~ s ~q

ltgt1$121- rshy

+ bull myth 2-7i ~~ ~~

bull cue H~ bull pupil ~Ar

bull bald-faced ~~et

bull Some research links lying with such facial and

bodily cues as increased pupil size and lip

pressing but not with blinking or posture link A with B~ A-fI Bpoundf caaAI7ICf 2f~ ~oICf such A

as B~ Bpoundf ~g A 2~ ~olcf

Solution

7i~Y~ iSle A~ol ~rHI6fiJ- ~ol DfTi~l~ ~~ 1I1 ~l1fi1 ~zroi-E ~g ~~-E i1~altlol21e ~Oll tH3H ~ ~01Epound regE t1JllltaOlIAi 1jj00dCf

Watch your step

regrel ggpound 7i~~~ a-~ AfW21 50 I~ i~il~lt21 ~1

Oil a~ LHsect0171~ afAI2t ~ Itg EJ~ 7JHf-E~

iE- -I=I-I2d AfAil sect AI-t j~ 2l21 LH~ ~a-fi1 CU2pound

pound t1xil -sect21 pound~OiIAi ~OitCf

10bulle ii21 R2J Imreg

~~ ltH~

~ ~ JV01lljl1i~ ~ol -ipound~ lI1ttgt~)i IIJlpound ~ ~6Jl trJlpound~ J-tJl~ ~~-171~ middot~P~gol ~ ~q Jl9 ~ 01 ~AlJolI tJl6jj ~~ ~t-~ ~ )]-6 71pound ~lltgtJl 001~oJ1Jl1 ~01 ~ ~~ lfJ410i zr degl~ )01oJ1 ~ gZl-~ f7-j euro- ~H ~~ q~ pound amp)~~~ol~~ 3J2eJl ~q z~ cJ-Juj~ J~ oJ1Jl1 g-~g zrzroJl tJli5fl ~w ~~ 7~ T g~ 3J2eJl ~q olo] ~tifiiAe ~ 01 g ~ poundyen pound f ~oJ1 ~1 zrzr~ amp)~ g oJ1JlI q~ amp)~~olz~oJj ~8Jl 3J ~ q~ ~0]oJ1q

bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullC bullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullfgtbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullbullmiddotbullbullbull 7~ ~Oi

3JOi-i tffo-J ~q amp)~~ 01 ~7 ~ lgtj~

77]il ~Jl1 ~~q t-J-oJ]JVe amp)~~ol 71l~

7flrl3J 7~01 rl~~~qJl ~7JjJl )ipound01l tJli5H 5 q ~~3Jdegl yen ~llc 7lloJl tJl~ J-~3Jrl ~~ gEt 7~71-deg1 7J-amp ~~q

ot~2 bull pupil ~~ bull lateral ll2l ~221 bull appreciation ~Af e8 ~7f

bull She decided to take a lateral approach to the

problem and asked each pupil to take out a piece

of paper and list the names of all the other pupils

in the class leaving a space between each name

Ol SheOlI --Af decidedpoundf asked7f 0100~cf ltask

+ ~Ol + to + ~)f~gtg Oillli tH ~2fi1 yen sectfa-fCf 2f~ ~olq

[Solution

Ai~ ~ltt2 ole ~~Olllli A1poundOlI tHtH ~~Ie Y~ ~OlAi qrOl mI1 ~c1L1 AfiiOI pound~tgI ~

CfI 71I1 pound101 ~1717f o~q-E LH~olq l21 Epound aQf~2j Itf (A) (B)Olle ztzt positivepoundf selfshyesteemOIOl7fO~ ~cf

Watch your step

CD yen~~pound - mJ

~I~~pound -~~

~a~lt21 - yenli 2I~

-2J~fe - ~g

[11-12]

~~3H~ t-J- Aj 701e~ ampltEr~~ 0171 77]Jl clJ

Oiy~ o] olj~ ~1l~ 771Jl j~J-~q qe ljpoundgg Ig-~ 071 rl8Jg 71~oJl)i 7271~

~ 0j7 oo] ~ ~~ 0IJlll~~ sect~~ 71 7~ ~ a7 001~ ~~ oleJl ~~~71s2 ~q 6711il t-J-~ 0j7 001~ pound i5flsect-ftj 9ltr )pJ- ~~oJl)i 7~Jl1 opound-~ degl~q rltIJtJlll oj] t-J-~ Yl Oi~ ~oJ1Jl1 g 7 llE~ ~q 4l7 ~ ~7Is pound~qJl ~qljE-l ~1l671 )1~~~71 ~

tf6l 7] Qj6j-71e- ~q oosz~ t-J-~ il1f ~ltj ~o1~ t-oJl ~ ~71 ~ q ~ ~ t-011 ~ t1J-71~ gJl Juj~ ~oJl-i ~Jl ~1[ trJl~~ olq ~wshyJlIpound Juj ~ iJl717 t1J-71oJ1Jll Dllolsectll~ ~ tgtJlj 6]shyJl ~~q ~amp~ llltjamp ~z7~01 4l7 ~~~1[ ~

~8Jl71 )l~~q zg~ ~7~ f7]-Q aj7e ~ litEpound-i 7j~ pound ~11 7pg~ ~~oJl)i csectq ~ l cJ t8~61 6Jl ~q zg a7]-Q 0j7 e- ~7 q~J1] ~~Jl JoJ] lIj-e)i ~J-~ qsectJl1 AJ-~ ~~qJl ~~q a7Q 0j77 ~~6Jl ~ ~ s~ J~~ 7011loJ1 tJli5fl-i cJ tr JltjJl cJ t-J-q ee- )~zr~ A117i y ~ 01 c o-J ttl cft oJl-i~ 1tIJ3JEpound Oj)j3Jrl ~-2-~01 cJ Jt~3J~ ~Jl q~ J-toJ])i~ Jl~3J2pound aJ83Jrl ~-6j 01 0111 ~ 7~ ~q )ipound~ JoJ1 ~ 1~ 4f)J g ~ oji5H6il 771 ~ rl~6e ~~ 1lfl ~ 01 5c

3

a~Jl 5W ~ -M~ W7Jll 1[o7H- Dll ~Oi)i

~~7-yenq

ltgt1121- 7 ~

bull inborn Eti1d

bull indoctrination A~ ~EJ

bull ask out tilolsect i~5fCf

bull Learning to understand and appreciate one

anothers gender-specific qualities is the key to

living more rich and rewarding lives together

LearningOI ~xll -gQj 0l01(]j is7f --AfOICf

understand2f appreciate7f ~ ef Learning toOiI 01

Ol~Cf

11 est ilfi ~ 1m CD lSolution

iAf7f S 71E2Ai a~ Lfl~ ~2 21~ rl-11 ~ iJ-2f ~2I~ ca-11 ~if7f 1t83Hi1 ~CfE LH~OI 01 OlAIe5 iI0l1~ CD LH7f am1C ~~ 1171 AI~cr 7f ~~a-fCf

Watch your step

reg 1 ~fO 10i1 ~8a-fE ~~ g8~Cf

0110i1 Lj~ 3121 ~il1~ 8~~Cf

LH7f ~1~ ~Oil 2t5fE ~~ 87i~ ~i1 CUCf

Y1 ~sect ~sect~ A1a-i-E ~~ 1V1~Cf

12bullbulleq 21 ~il~ 1m) lSolutlon~

B~iJ- ()j~ AfOlOII ~ ~fOllf ~~ol e~HofAI2 l ~ ~fOl ~ 015HoHO~ t~ LIIsectOIB5 ~21 ~il~2pound

qEAI2t OloHil ~ll ElfOld 01 ~~orcf + Watch your step

CD iil~IAi a~21 8R1

reg J1if 0I1 l~ ~Dfq ~Af~7f

Af~IOlI 2I5HAi ~2m 1 ~fOI

~1 ~~ sBa-fE ~~ Ifs~W~ -3~

20141

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~~tlI~jil3 SLP

0=1 OiC)

~tl

1 cf itQJ ~w ~ 1f ~ ~ oJ ~AJ ~~ ~ 3 (A) (B) (C)QJ ztbJjpound ~lltgtljJi oJ~ojl ~ 1I~$7PJcenti~~~

Every profession or trade every art and every science The earliest travelers took to the water with buoyancy

has its own technical vocabulary the function CD which aids such as bundles of reeds logs and inflated animal skins The next step was the creation of rafts (A) I that is partly to designate things or processes which have no which I in forested regions would have beennames in regular English Such special dialects or constructed of bound logs Along the Nile or in thejargons are necessary in technical discussions of any marshy lower stretches of the Tigris and Euphrates -t-u-~M -r-2shykind and reg secure the precision of a mathematical (B)I they there I were probably made of batches of reed

formula Besides they save time for it is much more bundles bound together Subsequently buoyed rafts were

economical to name a process than reg to describe it revised consisting of a wooden frame supported by

Thousands of these technical terms are very properly inflated animal skins or pots The crucial step in the

included in every large dictionary yet as a whole they development of water transport was the creation of the are rather on the outskirts of the English language than boat One of the earliest forms could well have been the actually within its borders In trade and handicrafts skin boat fashioned by stretching hides over a light and other vocations like farming and fishery reg that frame of branches and (C) Ilaced lacing I them have occupied great numbers of men from remote together Where trees were plentiful the earliest boats times the technical vocabulary is very old consisting were undoubtedly bark canoes and dugouts largely of native words

(A) (B) (C) CD that they laced

regwhich they lacing+ +2 (A) (B) (C)QJ zt bJ]pound (tojjJi g~ojlljN itWpound 7~~ centi~~ ~ regwhich they laced

which there lacing While most people think of salmon as food some regthat there laced

ecologists think of them as a (A) I carrier destroyer I of [47] c~ ~lOIl ltgti~ itl ~ ~~t 31 j1 cAlpoundnutrients Born in fresh water salmon swim hundreds of

miles to grow and mature in the ocean before returning 4 ~

to their birthplace to start the next generation When

they head inland to lay eggs they bring more with them We feel better about something if we are committed than the desire to reproduce They bring phosphorus to it and once we are we do what we can to justify the and nitrogen from the sea Because most salmon die decision in our minds Why are we like this Part of the immediately after laying eggs their bodies (B) I absorb reason is social pressure Noone likes someone who provide I these nutrients in the ecosystems around the changes from one idea or state of mind to another - we streams Scientists can measure the signature of marine like to be seen as knowing what we want This

nutrients in plants and animals in streams and forests unfortunately creates a gold mine for marketers They

distant from the shore Thus the loss or decline of are very aware of the internal pressures against

salmon may translate into less (C) I fertilizer polluter I changing our minds and take full advantage When a charity phone caller asks How are you feelingfor the areas where they once laid eggs tonight nine times out of ten we give a positivephosphorus (~~) tl(J$lt) response Then when the caller asks us to give a

(A) (B) (C) donation to the unfortunate victims of some disaster or

CD carrier absorb fertilizer disease we cant very well suddenly turn mean and grumpy and refuse others who are in a bad situation To regdestroyer absorb polluter

we feel compelled to offer a donation regcarrier provide polluter

carrier provide fertilizer CD show off reg feel selfless regbe consistent

reg destroyer absorb fertilizer reduce stress reg avoid regrets

_ ~OI 20141

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amp~i0~~=~~~~~~gt~i~~iamp$~~lt~~~~~~llgt~~lt5S~~~Z~=~~)ii ~~~~iiJ~~~~~______

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mUD 7 cf if2j A~l~~ 7r~ -3i~~ 5~5

The importance of listening in language learning can The term GIGO is popular computing slang

hardly be overestimated Through reception we Computer instructors remind students that they must

internalize linguistic information without which we could check and re-check their data and code to ensure that

not produce language It is no wonder then that in the results are valid as computers will happily process

recent years the language-teaching profession has placed wrong information and return a result The term is also

a emphasis on listening skills However listening used in other industries like the recording industry

comprehension has not always drawn the attention of where people stress the need for good equipment

educators to the extent that it now has Perhaps human pointing out that a poor initial recording will result in an

beings have a natural tendency to look at speaking as the album of low quality The principle of GIGO can apply

major index of language proficiency Consider for to lots of other things in your life as well For example

example our commonly used query Do you speak you may have noticed that when you cook with poor

Japanese Of course we dont mean to ______ quality ingredients the result is often disappointing as

when we say that but when we think of foreign language well Likewise and on a more serious level students

learning we first think of speaking This explains why in who suffer from a poor education often struggle to

the 1950s and 1960s language-teaching methodology succeed in life The lesson behind GIGO is that it pays

was preoccupied with the spoken language to ensure that something is of good quality before you

use it whether its code or a new central heating system CD check reception

reg inquire nationality CD Practical Application of a Principle

reg assess performance reg Be Aware of the Errors of Computers

exclude comprehension reg Cant Get Quality Output with Bad Input

reg emphasize communication Struggle to Succeed in Life by Education

reg Need for Understanding Computing Slangs + + OLbi[d~jAwjl 8 ltgtJ~ if cfoJl deg1ltgtJ1g~ ~Aipound 7r7cf -3i~~ 5~

How long has it been since you had a genuine new b j =---------=-=-~~~ ~In August of 2005 speaking of the (then) nearly 2000 interest And how much time has passed since you Americans who had died in Iraq President Bush said participated in an old one We owe them something We will finish the task that

they gave their lives for There may be sound reasons to (A) And it follows that there is a high likelihood you will continue to pursue the war in Iraq I dont personally

enjoy the extra time your retirement years provide happen to think so but that is not the point The point is After all now that youre retired you really do have that the fact that many soldiers have died in pursuit of a time to make that boat hike to the top of Mt McKinley policy cannot be a reason to continue it Past losses can develop your watercolor skills or write your book never be the justification for future actions But we

(B) By contrast warning flags should be flying if you are persist in feeling that they can We think We cant kill currently in your 40s or 50s and do not participate in at that program sell that stock end that war Weve got too least several interesting activities Or put another way ifmuch invested in it The point is the money you have besides working you do little more than consumeinvested is gone whether you kill the program or not passive types of entertainment while fantasizing thatThe future of the program or the investment or the war youll become more active when you retire yourshould depend only on your best judgment of its future fantasies are likely to turn out to be just that not on its cost in the past Rememer ______

(C) If you can honestly answer yesterday last week or even

CD You cant draw blood out of a stone last month chances are good you are still deeply

reg If the horse is dead get off the horse curious about all sorts of things and make the time to

reg All sunshine and no rain make a desert do at least some of them

The bigger they are the harder they fall CD(A)-(C)-(B) reg(B)-(A)-(C) reg(B)-(C)-(A)

reg Talk of the devil and hes sure to appear (C)-(A)-(B) reg(C)-(B)-(A)

Igt co 2 ~~ - ~Oj

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Faurion admitted however that some foods are more

tempting than others

According to Annick Faurion a researcher at a French laboratory human beings like rats are naturally neophobic - we are afraid of anything new If you give rats some food that they have never had before they will turn their backs on it out of fear ( CD ) We are the same ( reg ) It is possible to introduce new foods but only in the right psychological context like a birthday ( reg ) Once the

introduction has been made the fact of having a full stomach is physically pleasing so the next time it is easier to have the new foods ( ) ) Many scientists including him

are sure that we are born with a sweet tooth ( ) This is

why young children have a natural desire for sugar

10 tfgQj LJl sect ~ ~M~ SLQ[i5]-jlA]- ~q Jil~ (A)QJ- (B)oj) ~

o-j~~pound 7]-~ ~~~ 3~

+ Do you think there are more words that start with the

letter K than words that have K as the third letter

We tend to believe more words start with the letter K

because it is pretty easy for us to think of these words shy

king kite kangaroo etc On the other hand it is much more difficult to count the number of words that have K as a third letter even though there are many more words that have K as the third letter (bike cake joke) than words that start with the letter K This

type of fallacy occurs for many things such as people thinking certain causes of death are more common than

other less publicized causes What are you most likely to die from over the course of your life if you live in the

United States Murder or suicide Fire or poisoning

The majority of people select murders and fires over

suicide and poisoning The probability of dying from the

second set of misfortunes is in most cases twice as high

People tend to estimate the (A) of an event based on the ease with which instances of it are (B) in memory

(A) (B)

CD frequency different

reg likelihood different reg likelihood available ) magnitude available magnitude related

~ ~Of 3

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01

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Rene Blondlot a physicist and professor at the

University of Nancy announced hi~ own discovery of Nshyrays in 1903 He invited a young American named Robert

Wood to participate in his experiments He showed Wood a device to emit the supposed N-rays He said that when N-rays were reflected on paint the luminosity of paint was augmented by the rays Blondlot saw with his own eyes the augmentation or non-augmentation of that luminosity

and concluded whether or not the N-rays were present The experiment involved the use of a sheet of lead that

was inserted into the device by hand Blondlot said to

Wood that its effect was to block the N-rays Blondlot asked Wood to insert or remove the sheet of lead When

Wood told him the sheet of lead was present Blondlot didnt observe the presence of N-rays But even when

Wood claimed he was inserting the sheet of lead when

actually he wasnt Blondlot didnt see the rays Blondlot also said he saw the rays both when Wood said the sheet of lead was present and when he said it was not That is Blondlot arbitrarily believed that they were visible

Blondlot misused to justify his theories This episode showed the extent to which personal

experience could be an untrustworthy basis for giving

grounds for our beliefs + luminosity ~~J8 ~poundCW

augment ~qj)171tj-

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11 gQj Ail-amp~ 7]-~ Qj~~ 3 ~ CD Sharing the Blame for the Failure

reg A Suspicious Discovery of N-Rays reg Competition Promotes Scientific Success

)N-Rays An Example of Cooperative Research

Apply Practical Knowledge to Scientific Problems

~D 12 ~Qj Jil~ojl ~ o-j~ ~pound 7]-~ Qj~~ 3 ~

CD logical connection

reg standardized data reg widespread beliefs ) different approaches

subjective perception

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7]5t]- oJ ~ ~oj yensect ~oJll~ rj 7JA-JJ~OJ7J

1IJliE-oJI AIjpound ~Qj=lt5H ~t]- ~ 7fl21 0J~ ~iE- ltgtJ 5~ qj~ At~oJJ t1fl~ ~~5J tsectipound1ltgtJ ~71 5t711 ~1fr~2pound 0] ltgtJ ~ ~ AtllAJ ~ltgtJ21 7Jl-lJ tJloJl ~t]-7]5t]- ~ltgtJ21 J-yen-rJoJ] ~~]~lTI ~t]-

llJ ~tyenE-] i~ At1t~OJ ~At~l( llltj gojl LrJTI ~~l4 ltgtJ~l4 [~ ~~oJJAi Atpound1 ~iEshyltgtJ ~ ~ t1fl~ 2iJIpound1 ~poundoj $ltgtJpound 9-pound deglif-ltgtJ ~~t]-

Of~I2I- 7 r bull dialect (Oii 7-IIE ~~ -821) ~Oi bull jargon (~~~ ~~ ~82j) ~ sectOl gOi

bull secure -lii5fCf

bull precision ~-l~

bull formula ~-l~

bull economical ~Ail~~

bull outskirt ~f2I iilpoundl bull handicraft ~OII

bull vocation ~~ -t~ bull Besides they save time for it is much more

economical to name a process than to describe

it fore 2IILfi5fe rvOl71 [HgoICf 2fe ~2j ~4i-Af

olef for rvOiIAi ilg 7f-OiOIOj to name rv7f S-Oi

olef

(Solution

(j) technical vocabula~ tv-fpound tIE 1~~ ~ 7-I1rHilAf2j ~EfEAi the function of which Ee whose function2j ~Eflpound um tfCf

Watch your step

reg securee ~AfpoundAi are necessarypound- 12I~-=jlplusmn~ 01

~il 1poundOj -Oi Such special dialectsOiI olomCf

to name rvilf to describe rv~ 1l1illi51E -=jlgolcf

8~ the English languageQI 1~~OIE its~

~ ~g ~~6fef

trade and handicrafts and other vocations~ ~

AfS tIE fi74IrH~Af thatOlef

fliIJ 2Ofl~~_ -~~ shy

~ ~

~EE~~jil3 SLP ()I nJ - Ai 1 QI -0-HAioVI 0 tI ~

lltt]-oJIAi 7HfTI Aa~~~ -toJJ tJ- ilqj ~ ~71 ~ lt5fl EJIltgtJt poundpound poundj~tgt]- L~ 0 1~~ ~71 ~ ~ tJl~poundpound ~J1f 1IJl z ~ ~ A~ -61 ~ lt5tTI7t5]---Bshyr- oJ-J2J ~ (+~ltgtJ 7t~gt]- L~ ~ Jltt]-poundyenE-] ~~)ij- ~~~ 7t~gt]- qjlf I21 ~0i7t ~ 1j

~ =3J-oJJ ~71 1IJl~oJJ L~21 At~iJ 7fl-amp- t~l21 AraquoEJIl-lloJ] 0] ~Oj~~ ~ A-JJ~t]- ij-~7~~ 7fl~

l4 6H~oJ1Ai ~cj ~ltgtJ~ i21 ~l4 HoJIJlJAi ~ OJ ~Oj~~21 ~~ ~~~ ~t]- LiJIAl ~ltgtJ

21 ~~ ~~ l-~ L~oJ tr1IJl ~ i~l( 71ltj oJI lllli7t -sect0iE ~l47t ~ pound ~t]-

Of$I2~

bull ecologist lIEH~Af

bull measure ~i5fCf bull While most people think of salmon as food

some ecologists think of them as a carrier of

nutrients think of - as ~ rv~ ol2~il lIzrof

cf 21E ~olCf

(Solution

(A) ~0i7f IIfCfOlI LmCf7f ~~ ~71 fj3H efAI Af~ 01 EHOicl ~poundE WOf2e ~~ ~3HAi ilcy I~-ishyE-iti51E QfW-i- i5fEpound carrie ujOF cf (B) ~Ef]j10l1 ilY -i-~~ ~E3H -~ 3olEE provide MlO~ ~Cf (e) -~ -H3~ 1I1~i5r7i1 o-H-E QfW~ i5fBpound fertilizer Mlo~ ~Cf

Watch your step

(A) ltc0i7f ~y ~~~ E-Ii5re 30IE destroyer(ILf

jjAf)~ ~~i5fAI Jet

(B) absorbe rv~ Mi5fCF 21E ~011lS= g2j ~e

011 Oi~2IAI JeCf

(e) i5f-tilf i5f-t -2j lI~~OII7i1 ~y ~~~ WoH

AlolE poliuter(2Elf 2ElAI71~ 3)e ~

~0I1 WAI Jeet

3 Mle OIlIOII 9l~R~ IHID

~~ 8HoSI 7t~ ~7J21 oj~7~~ ~qj 8-tj-j-21 lii g3j- yen~

~ l~217~~OJ yen~~ f ~~ 7t7]TIpound n-t]- tJ- t-7-l1 t9l~ ~3~1OJ1 -E0J ~71~ 7J ltjoJIi L~c ~ tj-j-pound 1l~ltgtJ~~ ~oJt]- tj-~ 7JJOJtj- EjLcj~7Jl4 4poundcj-EJJ A 7J21 irdegj ~71~ ~7JqjoJ1Ai L~~oJ ~qj lii g ~ Aipound ~~5toj

~ltgtJ~~ ~olt]- tJ-oJI yen~ol ~ ~~oJ yen ~~ ~1-21 7~OJtj- t-7JoJJ 21lt5Jl 7J7Ipound1 tj-j-~

pound r1ipound1IiAi ll~~Jll pound1~t]- AJ ~ t ~-goJlAi

f~~ t-l-lJ 5sect21 ~~ol~t]- 7J-~ ~7121 ~ ~ i5tt-H- 1f~5j 7t1lJg ~7t7J21 ~oJI 7~ nJAi Aipound ltgtJ 1l~ 7~ 5sect~~ ~t]- tj-jshy

1

~ f

E

7t yentr oJJAi 7VJ ~7]21 5sect ~Tpoundl~oJ tjshyj-~~pound 1l~ 7Pr~ 8-tj-j-Bfl~t]-

Of$l21- 7r bull buoyancy Jfej Jf51~ 3

bull reed ~rH

bull inflate yenlI2ICf

bull raft ~~ bull bind ~cl(- bound- bound)

bull marshy ~A12j

bull stretch AIQf Tl

bull batch ~ bull subsequently J ~OII c~OII

bull buoyed ~7i1 ~ Jfej0l 1~

bull fashion poundY ~Cf 2t~Cf bull plentiful CtIg bull undoubtedly ~~ol

bull bark L-jf~

bull dugout (L-~ pound-i- lI-LHOl 2teuro) ~L~j IIH

bull Subsequently buoyed rafts were revised

consisting of a wooden frame supported by

inflated animal skins or pots consisting rv potse

and (they) consisted - pots2j 2jololef

(Solution

(A) ~ ~2J rafts ~tfJI lfl ~OIIAi -Oi QfW~ i5r e )1011 comma( lflOiIAi M~poundEpound e-]jIAr~

which Me AlOI ~~tfCf (B) -Oi QfW-i- 3HO~ i5fOj ~ ~2j rafts ~e rHilAf Olo~ i5fEi theya M-E ~ol ~~i5rCf (e) stretching~ and AfOIOIIfil 121~ T2EW olif Oi by2f ~~pound)Epound ~)f~ lacing~ ~ Alol ~~ tfCf

4leim~ ~reg

~- $HoSI ~cj ~cj7t ltgtJ-q ~oJI ~~i5t~ L~oJ] qj~ Ci f j]171Jjl ~t- 7]~OJ rj fpound1i otg 1oJIAl L ~~ ~1fsect5t7] ~lt5H ~rJ7t VJ- ~ ~~ trt]- poundll ~cj 0lel ~~7tL 0]421 ~~ AJ-~~ ~~ olt]- ltgtJ-q At1tpound tr AraquoztOJtj- ol-21 AJEJloJIAi t]-~

AraquoztO]tj- 1f~ ol-21 AJEJIpound llqIJ At~~ foti5t 71 Ol-1-rl 0Jl 0 l17l tI 012- 2j5l l 7J5 oll rl

$- 1- 1 rXe l r- e IC X

2pound oj7-j7ljlllltgtJ ~t]- ~lt5tjlpound degl~~ otltJJ~

if1f7~oJI7jJ B-~ ~Oi It]- l~ ~ ~rJ2J ot g 1amp llPr ~~ lfl-qj5]-- tJl~ ~12j-oJ] qj~ ot9- ~ ~TI ~TI L~~ ~51 o]trt]- 7H7] ci~ tJlC TI ~secti5]-- At1t~ ~ 2~ ~oJI 7]~0J Oi IEj J Y 7lWcTI H- 1IJl llffr- ~cj ~~-3i~ 1ff~

~t]- L~ tJ- ~~ c At~~ ltgtJ-q Alldoltj- ~ ~21 ~~ ~praquo7J-oJIJlJ 71yen~ 5teTI yen~ tt 1IJl 4-rJ f7J-7] oJ-9- ~ ll1euroi5tjlll~JlJ J~Ai tjshy~ cfJJ-oJI ~~ t]-~ At1t~ ~ 7lyentt ~t]- ~~ Aa ~71 ~lt5HAi 4-cj 7Jyenci~ JIj)glt5JloJ1l ~t]shyjl1711t]-

2014

+

114-SLPe3)~ OJ-12IC5H)-1 2014121 1044 AM 111deg11lt11

+

2 Mlesa ~qqOlI ~~t 011 ~

~~ $HoSI tjj If I21 At1t ~0 J ~ ltgtJ ~ g -61Qpound A~zti5]-- 1frIi OJ] lJ1lJ1 A~EJI~7J ~g ~Oi ~ ~0J~2J ~-g7tpound A~

zt~t]- 1loJIAl EJIltgtJtj- ~ltgtJ ~ degt~ 6]1il~

14-$IEW OIlI~~ R~ ~CD

~~ ~HoSI

5~ =3J~ 9 At~ 5~ ojJ~ LrJTI 5~ ~~~

~ 21 ~~~ ltgtJ ~ 7t7JIL ~9oj oJ ltgtJ21 7J 0 ~ ~I ~poundpound ~ft ~ltgtJ7t ~~ ~ tTI ~7j pound~ Ajlii ~ ojl_pq~ ~ ~ 7]~5t7] ~~ ~o]t]- L cj~ ~~~ HltgtJ ~~ ~t ltgtJ 5~ N21 ~~~ $e21 7J~oJJ ~Jl5toj ~~ g-6121 ~~ Aa ~ ~5~t]- j]t]-7t ltgtJ~ 3Ij-~ ~ ~~0111~5

7]5t]- oJ ~ ~oj yensect ~oJll~ rj 7JA-JJ~OJ7J

1IJliE-oJI AIjpound ~Qj=lt5H ~t]- ~ 7fl21 0J~ ~iE- ltgtJ 5~ qj~ At~oJJ t1fl~ ~~5J tsectipound1ltgtJ ~71 5t711 ~1fr~2pound 0] ltgtJ ~ ~ AtllAJ ~ltgtJ21 7Jl-lJ tJloJl ~t]-7]5t]- ~ltgtJ21 J-yen-rJoJ] ~~]~lTI ~t]-

llJ ~tyenE-] i~ At1t~OJ ~At~l( llltj gojl LrJTI ~~l4 ltgtJ~l4 [~ ~~oJJAi Atpound1 ~iEshyltgtJ ~ ~ t1fl~ 2iJIpound1 ~poundoj $ltgtJpound 9-pound deglif-ltgtJ ~~t]-

Of~I2I- 7 r bull dialect (Oii 7-IIE ~~ -821) ~Oi bull jargon (~~~ ~~ ~82j) ~ sectOl gOi

bull secure -lii5fCf

bull precision ~-l~

bull formula ~-l~

bull economical ~Ail~~

bull outskirt ~f2I iilpoundl bull handicraft ~OII

bull vocation ~~ -t~ bull Besides they save time for it is much more

economical to name a process than to describe

it fore 2IILfi5fe rvOl71 [HgoICf 2fe ~2j ~4i-Af

olef for rvOiIAi ilg 7f-OiOIOj to name rv7f S-Oi

olef

(Solution

(j) technical vocabula~ tv-fpound tIE 1~~ ~ 7-I1rHilAf2j ~EfEAi the function of which Ee whose function2j ~Eflpound um tfCf

Watch your step

reg securee ~AfpoundAi are necessarypound- 12I~-=jlplusmn~ 01

~il 1poundOj -Oi Such special dialectsOiI olomCf

to name rvilf to describe rv~ 1l1illi51E -=jlgolcf

8~ the English languageQI 1~~OIE its~

~ ~g ~~6fef

trade and handicrafts and other vocations~ ~

AfS tIE fi74IrH~Af thatOlef

fliIJ 2Ofl~~_ -~~ shy

~ ~

~EE~~jil3 SLP ()I nJ - Ai 1 QI -0-HAioVI 0 tI ~

lltt]-oJIAi 7HfTI Aa~~~ -toJJ tJ- ilqj ~ ~71 ~ lt5fl EJIltgtJt poundpound poundj~tgt]- L~ 0 1~~ ~71 ~ ~ tJl~poundpound ~J1f 1IJl z ~ ~ A~ -61 ~ lt5tTI7t5]---Bshyr- oJ-J2J ~ (+~ltgtJ 7t~gt]- L~ ~ Jltt]-poundyenE-] ~~)ij- ~~~ 7t~gt]- qjlf I21 ~0i7t ~ 1j

~ =3J-oJJ ~71 1IJl~oJJ L~21 At~iJ 7fl-amp- t~l21 AraquoEJIl-lloJ] 0] ~Oj~~ ~ A-JJ~t]- ij-~7~~ 7fl~

l4 6H~oJ1Ai ~cj ~ltgtJ~ i21 ~l4 HoJIJlJAi ~ OJ ~Oj~~21 ~~ ~~~ ~t]- LiJIAl ~ltgtJ

21 ~~ ~~ l-~ L~oJ tr1IJl ~ i~l( 71ltj oJI lllli7t -sect0iE ~l47t ~ pound ~t]-

Of$I2~

bull ecologist lIEH~Af

bull measure ~i5fCf bull While most people think of salmon as food

some ecologists think of them as a carrier of

nutrients think of - as ~ rv~ ol2~il lIzrof

cf 21E ~olCf

(Solution

(A) ~0i7f IIfCfOlI LmCf7f ~~ ~71 fj3H efAI Af~ 01 EHOicl ~poundE WOf2e ~~ ~3HAi ilcy I~-ishyE-iti51E QfW-i- i5fEpound carrie ujOF cf (B) ~Ef]j10l1 ilY -i-~~ ~E3H -~ 3olEE provide MlO~ ~Cf (e) -~ -H3~ 1I1~i5r7i1 o-H-E QfW~ i5fBpound fertilizer Mlo~ ~Cf

Watch your step

(A) ltc0i7f ~y ~~~ E-Ii5re 30IE destroyer(ILf

jjAf)~ ~~i5fAI Jet

(B) absorbe rv~ Mi5fCF 21E ~011lS= g2j ~e

011 Oi~2IAI JeCf

(e) i5f-tilf i5f-t -2j lI~~OII7i1 ~y ~~~ WoH

AlolE poliuter(2Elf 2ElAI71~ 3)e ~

~0I1 WAI Jeet

3 Mle OIlIOII 9l~R~ IHID

~~ 8HoSI 7t~ ~7J21 oj~7~~ ~qj 8-tj-j-21 lii g3j- yen~

~ l~217~~OJ yen~~ f ~~ 7t7]TIpound n-t]- tJ- t-7-l1 t9l~ ~3~1OJ1 -E0J ~71~ 7J ltjoJIi L~c ~ tj-j-pound 1l~ltgtJ~~ ~oJt]- tj-~ 7JJOJtj- EjLcj~7Jl4 4poundcj-EJJ A 7J21 irdegj ~71~ ~7JqjoJ1Ai L~~oJ ~qj lii g ~ Aipound ~~5toj

~ltgtJ~~ ~olt]- tJ-oJI yen~ol ~ ~~oJ yen ~~ ~1-21 7~OJtj- t-7JoJJ 21lt5Jl 7J7Ipound1 tj-j-~

pound r1ipound1IiAi ll~~Jll pound1~t]- AJ ~ t ~-goJlAi

f~~ t-l-lJ 5sect21 ~~ol~t]- 7J-~ ~7121 ~ ~ i5tt-H- 1f~5j 7t1lJg ~7t7J21 ~oJI 7~ nJAi Aipound ltgtJ 1l~ 7~ 5sect~~ ~t]- tj-jshy

1

~ f

E

7t yentr oJJAi 7VJ ~7]21 5sect ~Tpoundl~oJ tjshyj-~~pound 1l~ 7Pr~ 8-tj-j-Bfl~t]-

Of$l21- 7r bull buoyancy Jfej Jf51~ 3

bull reed ~rH

bull inflate yenlI2ICf

bull raft ~~ bull bind ~cl(- bound- bound)

bull marshy ~A12j

bull stretch AIQf Tl

bull batch ~ bull subsequently J ~OII c~OII

bull buoyed ~7i1 ~ Jfej0l 1~

bull fashion poundY ~Cf 2t~Cf bull plentiful CtIg bull undoubtedly ~~ol

bull bark L-jf~

bull dugout (L-~ pound-i- lI-LHOl 2teuro) ~L~j IIH

bull Subsequently buoyed rafts were revised

consisting of a wooden frame supported by

inflated animal skins or pots consisting rv potse

and (they) consisted - pots2j 2jololef

(Solution

(A) ~ ~2J rafts ~tfJI lfl ~OIIAi -Oi QfW~ i5r e )1011 comma( lflOiIAi M~poundEpound e-]jIAr~

which Me AlOI ~~tfCf (B) -Oi QfW-i- 3HO~ i5fOj ~ ~2j rafts ~e rHilAf Olo~ i5fEi theya M-E ~ol ~~i5rCf (e) stretching~ and AfOIOIIfil 121~ T2EW olif Oi by2f ~~pound)Epound ~)f~ lacing~ ~ Alol ~~ tfCf

4leim~ ~reg

~- $HoSI ~cj ~cj7t ltgtJ-q ~oJI ~~i5t~ L~oJ] qj~ Ci f j]171Jjl ~t- 7]~OJ rj fpound1i otg 1oJIAl L ~~ ~1fsect5t7] ~lt5H ~rJ7t VJ- ~ ~~ trt]- poundll ~cj 0lel ~~7tL 0]421 ~~ AJ-~~ ~~ olt]- ltgtJ-q At1tpound tr AraquoztOJtj- ol-21 AJEJloJIAi t]-~

AraquoztO]tj- 1f~ ol-21 AJEJIpound llqIJ At~~ foti5t 71 Ol-1-rl 0Jl 0 l17l tI 012- 2j5l l 7J5 oll rl

$- 1- 1 rXe l r- e IC X

2pound oj7-j7ljlllltgtJ ~t]- ~lt5tjlpound degl~~ otltJJ~

if1f7~oJI7jJ B-~ ~Oi It]- l~ ~ ~rJ2J ot g 1amp llPr ~~ lfl-qj5]-- tJl~ ~12j-oJ] qj~ ot9- ~ ~TI ~TI L~~ ~51 o]trt]- 7H7] ci~ tJlC TI ~secti5]-- At1t~ ~ 2~ ~oJI 7]~0J Oi IEj J Y 7lWcTI H- 1IJl llffr- ~cj ~~-3i~ 1ff~

~t]- L~ tJ- ~~ c At~~ ltgtJ-q Alldoltj- ~ ~21 ~~ ~praquo7J-oJIJlJ 71yen~ 5teTI yen~ tt 1IJl 4-rJ f7J-7] oJ-9- ~ ll1euroi5tjlll~JlJ J~Ai tjshy~ cfJJ-oJI ~~ t]-~ At1t~ ~ 7lyentt ~t]- ~~ Aa ~71 ~lt5HAi 4-cj 7Jyenci~ JIj)glt5JloJ1l ~t]shyjl1711t]-

2014

+

)--

~~poundIJrQ

mlO~

l1IS

~ s bull ~ omiddot

~~~~

J

0 0

1

tJ

gtshy~ifrr~

r

gt l

OE gt

t --

~m

~IJ~

~ rJ

~ J

01middot

rll

-kO

a pound

lIE

U

~ ~

a

IJ gtt

~~=E

01

~

r

ifr ~

r ~ gt

t

t o

ITf ~

Il ~

gtt

0

FlI

W

0 N

_

111pound

shyiu

poundrI

8Iamp

I r

~

l

+

OR

N

2

I O~

II

~e

01shy

c

E

I14-SI_pe3)lt1l OJ -12~1 (lH)-1 2014121 1044 AM IIPI713 -+-shy

1221 ~~~~j~l=t SLP ~Of -~-S- ~ c5H~

+

Mt McKinley develop your watercolor skills or

write your book yplusmn ~A[ doe havebull yplusmn~cf

~Af time-i- toyen~Af7f flOlIAi ~c5fOl fi AIf

ol2f-l= ~ qEftcf make hike develop write7f

2yen- toOl oIOl~q

solution

~Oj~ ~OIlA-j ~~m ~ol 9711= tt~ e 3101 ~ofq poundI~eAI ~~eCil 01011 CI~ cH9OlI i5H6~ (C)7f g CsectOlI ~olbull 7Jle tl~ ale Afg~ poundI~ 011pound J31~ ~~ 7~01 3cle LH2l (A)7f g C~I J~AI ~~ AfiMg poundI~ ~Ollpound AHol~11I ~ 7~01 ~c~ Ll2l (B)7f o[AIQjOlI 2-1= 3101 Af~ ~~q

Watch your step

9-0l~ ~21 ~gOj1 cH~ 8011 ~HWofE LH~OI (C)OIDj

(C)2[ (A)7f ~jlll ~~fE Arw~OII -E~ LH~OIDj (B)

e JilAI ~~ AfEj~1 ~~ LH~OI2[e ~0I1 ~Jc5f()j

~21 frAt~ 3Ho~ ~q

9 MIE ~Ol Oj~ ~~I m

~~~H~

+

~tA~ 1l~1l 1T7 Annick Faurionojl ~3

i ln~ 9l~Wl Aflpound-amp l ~ 4-aJj3H= Afll gyen ~ ~ 7All1 ilq 9loj]rl] ~ Jtlpound 1JOi ~ ~o] ~

g~~ 9-i f-i3jjl--j 1loj] g~ ~~ lo]q ~tl

pound ~~q Aflpound-amp g~ ~ ~7fl5H= l~ 7l-J-5J]11

AJ~ ~~ ~~~ 1Itl~ ~~ 4rofll--j117l-J-5q ~

tr ~7fl7 01lf-0iJ1i llfl7 Jj-sectq A1ldeg1 l~]~

~pound ~tf~ -jA-j tfJtlOll ~J-j 4lj~q 1Cil-f Fauriong- ~S 6J~0] c-e l~tc- 9 H~ 01rH=- ~ lS~q 1~ yen~~ W-~ 3lj-~J] ~ ~ ~tl7 trl~ -t-o5j-pound~ Efl1XJql1 sectfl~q 01 Ci~ 01 trll~ofl Oiltaool~ol1l1fOl] tJl~ Jj-1~ pound7~ 7J] lo]q

Of$l~ 7~

bull tempting ~crJ bull neophobic AHpound~Al ~Olc5fE (-phobic -g~821)

bull Once the introduction has been made the fact of having a full stomach is physically pleasing so

the next time it is easier to have the new foods

Once evg ~8 evaflll pound1121 OI2f-l= ~olq itg 7f9shy

OlOIDj to have ev7f ~~Ololq

(Solution )

fOfIA-je jjt~~2pound ~-E crJ~OlI 21i5M ~Oll 11 -sect-ale crJll21 ~~~ ~lHc5fJl ~Cf~ flOlIAi-l= ~~ ~ ~ OIEII~ 8Al0l1 CH3H ~~2pound 11i5fE ~ ~~ ~lHi5fjl ~q

Watch your step

9-0l~ ~OIIAi AfEt~g qe ~Jilq Olt sect~Oll Of

sectOl CI PiOI ~iElqjl ~2poundpound 9-0l~ fEgg 0121~

LH~OjI cHoH JiI ~~afE ~~ ltit0l1 2fO~ ~q

10 fillElst ~2 E2f mreg ~~~H~

K~ Ail Jtl~ ifApound~l1 il trOitq ifJ Kpound Al~3 tr0i7 ]j f[ql1 AJZf3j-7 --ej~

bull ~hi c- m(f gJ Of 0 shy

king kite kangaroo if ~~ trOi ~ ~ AJZf3H= lol 09- tI71 uJl~oj] ifJj- Kpound Al~5H= trOi ~ 01 ]j W-ql1 ~~ 7t3~J=01 ilq 1frioflll]~ Ail Jtl~ it Jpound K~ ~l1 il trOi~(bike cake joke9 [ 0])01 Kpound Al~3H= trOi ~tq ll~ ]j W-ql1 3]j 2pound K~ Ail Jtl~ ifJpound~l1 il troj ~Q] ~A~ )~ l~ ~~ ]j oj~q deg1~~Q] 2rr Aiit ~ol a gQ] Oiqj fll~ol q~ 1it gJEyen fll~t q ~ ~5ql1 AJZ~H= l~~ W-~ l~oj] ~0iJd q p]~ojl1ll1 ilqi Tllol AH= ~ojl yen3 trll ~oj] a~ 7l-J-AJ ol 7j--1 W-~7 1lll7 oyi JJ-J~7 sectj-Afll7 oy~ 6~l7j- tJlqQ] AjshyTff~o] JJ-J3lj- ~~tq 1l3lj- sectj-Afl~ ~~~q

f- Jtl~ AilsectQ] ~~poundpound a ~ ~ tJl~Q] 1~

ofl f- llfl7 ]j 7l-J-AJO] ~q

Aj-iit~ ~ Oiqj AQ] oJ]~ 0] 71 ~ojjJ1 0l~

il ol~~ ~7jpound 1 AQ] 7l-J-~ ~75middot 16J=deg1 ilq

OJ$l2f 7 ~ fallacy poundw bull publicize gHafq

bull suicide A~

bull poisoning amp

bull probability lf~~ ~~~

bull magnitude 371 Y bull We tend to believe more words start with the

letter K because it is pretty easy for us to think

of these words-king kite kangaroo etc tend to

Ng af-l= ~~Ol ~q 2t-l= ~olq because 011

Ai itg 7f~Ojo1Dj to think ev7f ~9-01Olq forus-l=

tothink21 21olg 9-01olcf

(Solution )

C-j tllli ~~ ~71 1Ijf~1 K7f ~ ~Af~ Lf2-I= 8 0l7f ci Blqjl ~lc5fE Alif ilAIILf ~crJOI ci BIOI ~Hpoundl71 iIlfifOiI A~olq amp5cf C-l BIg Af~ ~crJ OI2fil ~zt~Cfil et Al0l1 ~h5fO1 ~21 LItH R2f tt ~cf crf2fAi R2f~2 i1 (A)2f (B)Olle ztzt Iikelihood2f avaiiableOI ~~i5fcf

Watch your step

ltD i1pound- qe reg7~-qe

371 - Ol~ 7Fo~

371 - ~iE1sect

[11-12]

~~~H~

Nancy tJl~Q] ~tl~Jj-~ iil Rene Blondlot ~ 1903lt1ofl Jj-lQ] N-t ~7~ ~jf~q 1 Robert WoodrH=- ~~ p]~l~ JlQ] 1l~oj1

~93pound~ ~tJl~q 1 Woodoj]rl] N~o]2l1 9 7-l Jl l ~ ~~3H= ~J~l ~ i 9 9-~q 1 N ~01 nJ] lgofl ~AiJ~ uJl 1 nJl lgQ] ~pound7 1 ~~oj] Q]lt5H ~tJlyenlql1 W~q Blondlot~ Aj-7]Q] ~poundpound 1 ~pound7 ~tJliJ7jl-f ~tJliJAl i l ~ J1~~l1 N~ol ilJ1 ~Al ~~~ tJl~q

1 1l~ ~ ~~pound 1 ~J~] lOll l-JiJ it~pound

yenl yenlQ] 0] sect ~ yenw~q Blondlot~ Wood Oll rll 1 yenlQ] A3lj-7 N-t~ ~tr3H= lol2Jl W~q

3

rh +

Blondlot~ Woodoj]rl] it~pound yenl yenr l-J37jl-f lIPN2l1 Jj-Ef~q Wood7 1oflJj] itpoundpound yenl yenlo] ilql1 W~~ trll Blondlotg- N~Q] ~Afl~ ~ q 5Jl11l1J]Oi Wood7 l-1l itpoundpound yenl yenlJ~

~Al fl1 ~~ql1 2fAJ~ trll~ Blondlot~ ~~

~ tJ1 ~q Blondlot ~ W ood7 itpoundpound yen yenl Jj-7 ilql1 W~~ uJl9 ilAl fql1 W~~ trll f-7Cl-- poundf ~~ 9qJlpound W~q ~ Blondlot~

~o]tlql1 JQ]~~pound ~~q Blondlot~ A lQ] degl~~ STlamp371 ~~ ~~l l~ ~ 2 ~q 0] ofllIjis 7fllQ] 1~01 ~tlQ] ~goj]

tJl~ ~7j ~ Ai1g5N= Ill Oi= 1)poundpound ~~ tll3j-J1 i~ 711fr~ ilJ1 ~ i9 9-stq 01$121- 75 bull physicist ~2I~Af

bull device ~I bull arbitrarily Af2l~2pound

bull misuse 2sectc5fCf

bull justify ~gifi5fq

bull ground 27i bull Blondlot asked Wood to insert or remove the

sheet of lead (ask + amp~Ol + to + ~AIf~) ft g OII111 middotoH~2fJl RBafcF 2fE ~O Icf

11 MIIElamp ~2 Jil~ mreg (Solution

Blondlotsect N~ Wc~Cfjl ~AIl A~ JAlg ~

tl~ 3 llj~~2pound 8i01 iI ai~CIe Llsect01E 5 ~2 Ai~2pound reg 2~~2j~ N ~c 01 7fg ~ ~afq

Watch your stepl

ltD 1iJntlOlI cHet tl~ ~i3af71

~~g ilf~~ ~~ ~~~cf

N ~yen t1rz21 011

~ ilf~ gAilOlI 1iJ~~crJ AI~pound ~~af2f

12 GIE Itltt ~ mreg (Solution

N2 eAH7f llj~~~ 1pound1euro Al01 OfLl2f Blondlot

AliJ2I fi0l1 5crJqjl 0I71~ ~Cfil i3fil 5OIAI Upound ~ aiCfil it~ Al01Epound i1iJOII ~Of~ itpound 7fg ~~

~ Alg ~~12J crJN Olcf

Watch your step

ltD ~2I~crJ ~2

reg R~sectf-E A[E

gj21 lIm Esect

cfltamp~ ~2 ~Igj

20141

I14-SI_pe3)lt1l OJ -12~1 (lH)-1 2014121 1044 AM IIPI713 -+-shy

1221 ~~~~j~l=t SLP ~Of -~-S- ~ c5H~

+

Mt McKinley develop your watercolor skills or

write your book yplusmn ~A[ doe havebull yplusmn~cf

~Af time-i- toyen~Af7f flOlIAi ~c5fOl fi AIf

ol2f-l= ~ qEftcf make hike develop write7f

2yen- toOl oIOl~q

solution

~Oj~ ~OIlA-j ~~m ~ol 9711= tt~ e 3101 ~ofq poundI~eAI ~~eCil 01011 CI~ cH9OlI i5H6~ (C)7f g CsectOlI ~olbull 7Jle tl~ ale Afg~ poundI~ 011pound J31~ ~~ 7~01 3cle LH2l (A)7f g C~I J~AI ~~ AfiMg poundI~ ~Ollpound AHol~11I ~ 7~01 ~c~ Ll2l (B)7f o[AIQjOlI 2-1= 3101 Af~ ~~q

Watch your step

9-0l~ ~21 ~gOj1 cH~ 8011 ~HWofE LH~OI (C)OIDj

(C)2[ (A)7f ~jlll ~~fE Arw~OII -E~ LH~OIDj (B)

e JilAI ~~ AfEj~1 ~~ LH~OI2[e ~0I1 ~Jc5f()j

~21 frAt~ 3Ho~ ~q

9 MIE ~Ol Oj~ ~~I m

~~~H~

+

~tA~ 1l~1l 1T7 Annick Faurionojl ~3

i ln~ 9l~Wl Aflpound-amp l ~ 4-aJj3H= Afll gyen ~ ~ 7All1 ilq 9loj]rl] ~ Jtlpound 1JOi ~ ~o] ~

g~~ 9-i f-i3jjl--j 1loj] g~ ~~ lo]q ~tl

pound ~~q Aflpound-amp g~ ~ ~7fl5H= l~ 7l-J-5J]11

AJ~ ~~ ~~~ 1Itl~ ~~ 4rofll--j117l-J-5q ~

tr ~7fl7 01lf-0iJ1i llfl7 Jj-sectq A1ldeg1 l~]~

~pound ~tf~ -jA-j tfJtlOll ~J-j 4lj~q 1Cil-f Fauriong- ~S 6J~0] c-e l~tc- 9 H~ 01rH=- ~ lS~q 1~ yen~~ W-~ 3lj-~J] ~ ~ ~tl7 trl~ -t-o5j-pound~ Efl1XJql1 sectfl~q 01 Ci~ 01 trll~ofl Oiltaool~ol1l1fOl] tJl~ Jj-1~ pound7~ 7J] lo]q

Of$l~ 7~

bull tempting ~crJ bull neophobic AHpound~Al ~Olc5fE (-phobic -g~821)

bull Once the introduction has been made the fact of having a full stomach is physically pleasing so

the next time it is easier to have the new foods

Once evg ~8 evaflll pound1121 OI2f-l= ~olq itg 7f9shy

OlOIDj to have ev7f ~~Ololq

(Solution )

fOfIA-je jjt~~2pound ~-E crJ~OlI 21i5M ~Oll 11 -sect-ale crJll21 ~~~ ~lHc5fJl ~Cf~ flOlIAi-l= ~~ ~ ~ OIEII~ 8Al0l1 CH3H ~~2pound 11i5fE ~ ~~ ~lHi5fjl ~q

Watch your step

9-0l~ ~OIIAi AfEt~g qe ~Jilq Olt sect~Oll Of

sectOl CI PiOI ~iElqjl ~2poundpound 9-0l~ fEgg 0121~

LH~OjI cHoH JiI ~~afE ~~ ltit0l1 2fO~ ~q

10 fillElst ~2 E2f mreg ~~~H~

K~ Ail Jtl~ ifApound~l1 il trOitq ifJ Kpound Al~3 tr0i7 ]j f[ql1 AJZf3j-7 --ej~

bull ~hi c- m(f gJ Of 0 shy

king kite kangaroo if ~~ trOi ~ ~ AJZf3H= lol 09- tI71 uJl~oj] ifJj- Kpound Al~5H= trOi ~ 01 ]j W-ql1 ~~ 7t3~J=01 ilq 1frioflll]~ Ail Jtl~ it Jpound K~ ~l1 il trOi~(bike cake joke9 [ 0])01 Kpound Al~3H= trOi ~tq ll~ ]j W-ql1 3]j 2pound K~ Ail Jtl~ ifJpound~l1 il troj ~Q] ~A~ )~ l~ ~~ ]j oj~q deg1~~Q] 2rr Aiit ~ol a gQ] Oiqj fll~ol q~ 1it gJEyen fll~t q ~ ~5ql1 AJZ~H= l~~ W-~ l~oj] ~0iJd q p]~ojl1ll1 ilqi Tllol AH= ~ojl yen3 trll ~oj] a~ 7l-J-AJ ol 7j--1 W-~7 1lll7 oyi JJ-J~7 sectj-Afll7 oy~ 6~l7j- tJlqQ] AjshyTff~o] JJ-J3lj- ~~tq 1l3lj- sectj-Afl~ ~~~q

f- Jtl~ AilsectQ] ~~poundpound a ~ ~ tJl~Q] 1~

ofl f- llfl7 ]j 7l-J-AJO] ~q

Aj-iit~ ~ Oiqj AQ] oJ]~ 0] 71 ~ojjJ1 0l~

il ol~~ ~7jpound 1 AQ] 7l-J-~ ~75middot 16J=deg1 ilq

OJ$l2f 7 ~ fallacy poundw bull publicize gHafq

bull suicide A~

bull poisoning amp

bull probability lf~~ ~~~

bull magnitude 371 Y bull We tend to believe more words start with the

letter K because it is pretty easy for us to think

of these words-king kite kangaroo etc tend to

Ng af-l= ~~Ol ~q 2t-l= ~olq because 011

Ai itg 7f~Ojo1Dj to think ev7f ~9-01Olq forus-l=

tothink21 21olg 9-01olcf

(Solution )

C-j tllli ~~ ~71 1Ijf~1 K7f ~ ~Af~ Lf2-I= 8 0l7f ci Blqjl ~lc5fE Alif ilAIILf ~crJOI ci BIOI ~Hpoundl71 iIlfifOiI A~olq amp5cf C-l BIg Af~ ~crJ OI2fil ~zt~Cfil et Al0l1 ~h5fO1 ~21 LItH R2f tt ~cf crf2fAi R2f~2 i1 (A)2f (B)Olle ztzt Iikelihood2f avaiiableOI ~~i5fcf

Watch your step

ltD i1pound- qe reg7~-qe

371 - Ol~ 7Fo~

371 - ~iE1sect

[11-12]

~~~H~

Nancy tJl~Q] ~tl~Jj-~ iil Rene Blondlot ~ 1903lt1ofl Jj-lQ] N-t ~7~ ~jf~q 1 Robert WoodrH=- ~~ p]~l~ JlQ] 1l~oj1

~93pound~ ~tJl~q 1 Woodoj]rl] N~o]2l1 9 7-l Jl l ~ ~~3H= ~J~l ~ i 9 9-~q 1 N ~01 nJ] lgofl ~AiJ~ uJl 1 nJl lgQ] ~pound7 1 ~~oj] Q]lt5H ~tJlyenlql1 W~q Blondlot~ Aj-7]Q] ~poundpound 1 ~pound7 ~tJliJ7jl-f ~tJliJAl i l ~ J1~~l1 N~ol ilJ1 ~Al ~~~ tJl~q

1 1l~ ~ ~~pound 1 ~J~] lOll l-JiJ it~pound

yenl yenlQ] 0] sect ~ yenw~q Blondlot~ Wood Oll rll 1 yenlQ] A3lj-7 N-t~ ~tr3H= lol2Jl W~q

3

rh +

Blondlot~ Woodoj]rl] it~pound yenl yenr l-J37jl-f lIPN2l1 Jj-Ef~q Wood7 1oflJj] itpoundpound yenl yenlo] ilql1 W~~ trll Blondlotg- N~Q] ~Afl~ ~ q 5Jl11l1J]Oi Wood7 l-1l itpoundpound yenl yenlJ~

~Al fl1 ~~ql1 2fAJ~ trll~ Blondlot~ ~~

~ tJ1 ~q Blondlot ~ W ood7 itpoundpound yen yenl Jj-7 ilql1 W~~ uJl9 ilAl fql1 W~~ trll f-7Cl-- poundf ~~ 9qJlpound W~q ~ Blondlot~

~o]tlql1 JQ]~~pound ~~q Blondlot~ A lQ] degl~~ STlamp371 ~~ ~~l l~ ~ 2 ~q 0] ofllIjis 7fllQ] 1~01 ~tlQ] ~goj]

tJl~ ~7j ~ Ai1g5N= Ill Oi= 1)poundpound ~~ tll3j-J1 i~ 711fr~ ilJ1 ~ i9 9-stq 01$121- 75 bull physicist ~2I~Af

bull device ~I bull arbitrarily Af2l~2pound

bull misuse 2sectc5fCf

bull justify ~gifi5fq

bull ground 27i bull Blondlot asked Wood to insert or remove the

sheet of lead (ask + amp~Ol + to + ~AIf~) ft g OII111 middotoH~2fJl RBafcF 2fE ~O Icf

11 MIIElamp ~2 Jil~ mreg (Solution

Blondlotsect N~ Wc~Cfjl ~AIl A~ JAlg ~

tl~ 3 llj~~2pound 8i01 iI ai~CIe Llsect01E 5 ~2 Ai~2pound reg 2~~2j~ N ~c 01 7fg ~ ~afq

Watch your stepl

ltD 1iJntlOlI cHet tl~ ~i3af71

~~g ilf~~ ~~ ~~~cf

N ~yen t1rz21 011

~ ilf~ gAilOlI 1iJ~~crJ AI~pound ~~af2f

12 GIE Itltt ~ mreg (Solution

N2 eAH7f llj~~~ 1pound1euro Al01 OfLl2f Blondlot

AliJ2I fi0l1 5crJqjl 0I71~ ~Cfil i3fil 5OIAI Upound ~ aiCfil it~ Al01Epound i1iJOII ~Of~ itpound 7fg ~~

~ Alg ~~12J crJN Olcf

Watch your step

ltD ~2I~crJ ~2

reg R~sectf-E A[E

gj21 lIm Esect

cfltamp~ ~2 ~Igj

20141