3.1 Looking Ahead

• Find work that brings out your positive qualities and provides a comfortable living

• Job versus Career• Job: group of work tasks a person agrees to perform• When you accept a job you agree to be

responsible for work the boss expects you to do• A job provides work experience

•Career: all jobs someone has during a lifetime• Usually these jobs are related

• Your job will affect:•Where you live•Hours you sleep•Time and money you have for leisure activities

• Psychological benefits of work:•Work provides opportunities for people to be with others•Work bring feelings of accomplishment•Work allows people to contribute to society

• Work ethic: attitude toward work•Choices whether or not to work hard, do the job right, and give it your best

• Your job will affect your health and well-being

• Doing what you enjoy will promote emotional health

• Having safe working conditions and a manageable workload promotes physical health

• Your job usually affects your personal life – make sure this affect is positive•Think about location, hours, responsibility

• Employability Skills page 4•Follow-up is 10 bonus points (due Monday)

• Employability Skills page 6• I will give you a career to research using the website www.bls.gov/oco• Left side of screen select the

occupation given to you!

• Internet• Library• Talking to others who work at the job you

are interested in• Job shadowing – spending time with

someone on the job• Volunteer work• Part-time work• School counselor

• Growth in technology• Demand for services• Growth in temporary or part-time workers• Increased outsourcing – paying other companies

or individuals to do certain tasks, rather than hire employees of their own to do them• Saves company money

• Aptitudes – potential for learning certain skills because you were born with a natural talent for a particular thing• Example: musically inclined

• Abilities – skills you have already developed• Talent – a task or activity a person enjoys doing• Consider the physical environment – surroundings

in which you work• Consider the emotional environment – match your

values with a job

• Aptitudes and Abilities page 8• Rating your Aptitudes and Abilities page 9

3.2 Education and Training

Vocational/Technical Centers – training in various fields such as hair care, computer programming, auto repairOne or two years of schoolFlexible entrance requirementsLow costCan earn a certificate or diploma

Trade School – occupation that requires manual or mechanical skillsTrain students for specific occupation like carpentry, plumbing

One or two yearsPrivately run so more expensive than vocational schools

• Community and Technical colleges •Two – year degree and certificate programs in a variety of occupational areas•Many times can transfer credits to a four-year college

• Four-Year colleges and universities – for professions that require specialized training

• Military service training – complete high school or college while being paid to do so

• Apprenticeships – learn a skilled trade requiring two or more years of on-the-job experience and instruction•Usually required to take written and practical tests before receiving a certificate or license for this trade

• On-the-Job training

• Financial Aid• Scholarships and grants – money given to you based on academic achievement, leadership potential, community involvement, financial need, hobbies, special talents• Don’t have to be repaid• Some require you to work for a set period of

time after you receive your degree as a form of repayment

• Student loans – interest free as long as you stay in school• Must repay the entire amount of loan

including interest once you complete your degree

•Work-study – paid to work at a place on campus

• Cut your costs•Earn exam credits – take advanced placement courses in high school•Attend a public school – tuition is lower•Complete your college degree early• Attend during the summer and take as

many classes per semester as you can handle• Helps save on tuition and can start

working and earning money quicker

• Part-time jobs• Internships – work based learning program• Job shadowing• Volunteer work• Entrepreneurship – start your own business

based on a need you see in the community

• What’s most important to you?•Employability Skills page 13

• Personal Traits, Job Characteristics, and the Art of Compromise•Employability Skills page 15

3.3 Developing Job Search Skills

• Job lead – information about a possible job opening

• Hidden job market – sources of jobs that are less obvious to many other job seekers•Keep an open mind and look as many places as possible•Networking – communicating with people you know which can lead to new opportunities

• Places to look•School counselor’s office•Local businesses•Employment agencies•Libraries•Chamber of commerce• Job fairs

• Resume: a summary of your qualifications for a job• Job objective• Education•Work experience• Special skills•Activities and honors•References – people who will recommend you to an employer• Tips• Make sure every word is true• Keep it brief, accurate, and up to date• Customize it for each job you are applying for• DO NOT include personal information

• Cover letter – a one-page letter included with your resume, telling the employer who you are and why you are sending it•Tell how your job talents will benefit the company•Show why the employer should read your resume•Ask for an interview•Short, to point, 3 points:• 1. Opening – why you are writing• 2. body – specific qualities you can bring to

the job• 3. closing – how you plan to follow up the

initial contact

• Application – screening device for the employer•Carefully read and follow the instructions•Use pen•Print neatly or type•Answer questions truthfully•Write ‘NA’ for not applicable if a question doesn’t apply to you.• Is asks for salary desired write “negotiable”• If asks for start date write “upon two weeks notice” if currently employed or otherwise write “immediately”

Job interview – a get-acquainted meeting between an employer and a job applicantTips for a good interviewBe on time!Be well-groomed and look good!Practice answering questions that might be askedBe prepared!Sell yourselfRelax and be yourselfFollow up the interview with a thank-you note!

Preparing before the interviewLearn as much about the company before the

interview, practice your responses to common interview questions, dress appropriately

• Consider the following before accepting a job offer•Opportunities for training and advancement•Lifestyle issues – (example: will you have to move, work long hours, etc.)•Benefits – (example: health insurance, tuition reimbursement, etc.)•Money – important, but not the most important

• Turning down a job offer – tell them thank you for the offer

• In small groups answer the following questions:•What consequences might occur in the following situations when individuals fill out and sign and application form:• 1. a job applicant failing to request people’s

permission before listing their names as references• 2. an applicant listing one job he never held• 3. a person filling in the space “salary

desired” with an amount that is double the salary she currently receives

3.4 Ensuring Workplace Success

• Character•Reliability and dependability•Honesty•Loyalty•Strong work ethic

• The job measures up•Feel comfortable and safe at work•Earn salaries and benefits that are appropriate for your skills•Do work you enjoy

• Respect others and their qualities and personalities

• Communicate effectively• Focus on effectiveness rather than

personality• Learn to resolve workplace conflicts

effectively• Be a leader who promotes cooperation and

teamwork

• Teamwork•Working to reach a common goal• Functional team – members who do similar jobs or who all work in the same department•Cross-functional team – people with different areas of expertise or from two or more departments•Qualities of good team members• Respect• All team members have strengths and weaknesses• Praise others• Remain calm when conflict occurs• Listen to others• Be loyal – don’t gossip• Focus on cooperation and win-win solutions to

problems

• Showing leadership•Promote teams accomplishments•Set example of good work habits•Use and teach effective communication and conflict resolution skills•Be proactive by making things happen rather than waiting for them to happen

• Family-Friendly benefits: arrange child care, flexible work schedule

• Fringe benefits – something provided in addition to regular pay•Health insurance, sick leave, vacation

• Flextime: plan that lets workers choose when they want to begin and end their workday

• Flexplace: plan that allows workers to do their work from their homes

• Job sharing: sharing of one job by two people who split the hours and the pay