3:1 Theory of Mercantilism

3:2 Agricultural Southv.

3:3 The Commercial North

Bell Ringer:Skillbuilder Qs pg. 81

Theory of Mercantilism

• Caused North American colonization• Gold and Silver• Favorable Balance of Trade• Ultimate goal-self sufficiency

Colonies give England a Favorable Balance of Trade

• Exported raw materials

• Imported British goods

Navigation Acts 1651

• Cut down on smuggling

• Protect England’s economy from competition

• Increase England’s wealth

Farming

• North– Cash crops– NE climate– PA/NY-breadbasket

• South– Cash crops

Commercial Economy v.

Plantation System• North

– Industry and Trade– Major Port Cities– Philadelphia/ Urbanization

• South– Plantation System– Few commercial centers– Charles Town

Immigrants

• Northern Immigrants– push/pull factors– Predominant immigrant

groups

• Southern Immigrants– Who/where?– Planter class v. small

farmer

Women

• Northern– Few rights– Puritan law– roles

• Southern– Roles– 2nd class– Few rights– Upper class-suitable

education

Slave Trade

Triangular Trade

Middle Passage

North

America

West Indies

Africa

Slave Trade

Middle Passage

African Americans

• North– Free and enslaved– Economy– Legal standing

• South– Replaced indentured servants– Field, domestic, artisan work

Lifestyle of Southern Slaves

• Field laborers

• Domestic

• Artisans

• Preservation of Culture – Ring Shout

• Resistance– Stono Rebellion

Salem Witch Trials 1690

• Unequal distribution of wealth=conflict

• Preoccupation with violence

• Effect

Enlightenment

• Philosophical movement

• Ben Franklin

• Effects– John Locke

• Natural Rights

– Church Authority

Ben Franklin

• Born poor in Boston

• Started in Philly/London in printing business

• Author, business man, inventor, philosophy

• Individualism-one succeeds through own efforts

• Social mobility-ability to move up in society

1730s Great Awakening

• Religious Movement-get back to God!• John Edwards• George Whitfield• Revivals• Emotional preaching• *encouraged colonists to think for themselves

on religious matters• *Led to principles such as freedom of religion,

separation of church and state