3:1 Theory of Mercantilism
3:2 Agricultural Southv.
3:3 The Commercial North
Bell Ringer:Skillbuilder Qs pg. 81
Theory of Mercantilism
• Caused North American colonization• Gold and Silver• Favorable Balance of Trade• Ultimate goal-self sufficiency
Colonies give England a Favorable Balance of Trade
• Exported raw materials
• Imported British goods
Navigation Acts 1651
• Cut down on smuggling
• Protect England’s economy from competition
• Increase England’s wealth
Farming
• North– Cash crops– NE climate– PA/NY-breadbasket
• South– Cash crops
Commercial Economy v.
Plantation System• North
– Industry and Trade– Major Port Cities– Philadelphia/ Urbanization
• South– Plantation System– Few commercial centers– Charles Town
Immigrants
• Northern Immigrants– push/pull factors– Predominant immigrant
groups
• Southern Immigrants– Who/where?– Planter class v. small
farmer
Women
• Northern– Few rights– Puritan law– roles
• Southern– Roles– 2nd class– Few rights– Upper class-suitable
education
Slave Trade
Triangular Trade
Middle Passage
North
America
West Indies
Africa
Slave Trade
Middle Passage
African Americans
• North– Free and enslaved– Economy– Legal standing
• South– Replaced indentured servants– Field, domestic, artisan work
Lifestyle of Southern Slaves
• Field laborers
• Domestic
• Artisans
• Preservation of Culture – Ring Shout
• Resistance– Stono Rebellion
Salem Witch Trials 1690
• Unequal distribution of wealth=conflict
• Preoccupation with violence
• Effect
Enlightenment
• Philosophical movement
• Ben Franklin
• Effects– John Locke
• Natural Rights
– Church Authority
Ben Franklin
• Born poor in Boston
• Started in Philly/London in printing business
• Author, business man, inventor, philosophy
• Individualism-one succeeds through own efforts
• Social mobility-ability to move up in society
1730s Great Awakening
• Religious Movement-get back to God!• John Edwards• George Whitfield• Revivals• Emotional preaching• *encouraged colonists to think for themselves
on religious matters• *Led to principles such as freedom of religion,
separation of church and state