340 material handling

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MATERIAL HANDLING (LOGISTICS)It is concerned with the acquisition, movement, storage and distribution of the material and products

as well as the planning and control of this operation in order to satisfy customer demand.

External: outside facility

Internal: inside facility


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DESING CONSIDERATION

1. Material characteristics

2. Flow, routing and scheduling

3. Plant layout

4.

Unit load principles


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1.

MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS

Physical characteristics

State

Size

Weight

Shape

condition (hot, cold)

risk of damage

safety risk


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2.

FLOW, ROUTING AND SCHEDULING

Flow rate: amount of material moved per unit time

Large quantities: dedicated

Small: shared

Routing: is the path to be follow by the material

Distance

Floor surface

Traffic congestion

Path is outdoors

Path with straight lines or turns

Elevation

People along the path

Scheduling: timing of each individual part is delivery

Rush job increase cost


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Buffer stocks of material (FIFO)

3. PLANT LAYOUT

Is the arrangement of areas and equipment in the factory

Types of plant layout

Process layout

Various different products are manufactured in small or medium batch sizes

Work in process area

Handling system must be flexible

Hand trucks

Forklift trucks

Automated guide vehicles

Product layout

Production of standard or identical types of part in relatively high quantities: cars

Fixed routeHandling systems moves the part along route: conveyors


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Components are delivered in work station: trucks, automated guides vehicles

Fixed position

The product is large and heavy.

Single location during most of its fabrication

Cranes, hoists, industrial trucks


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4.

UNIT LOAD PRINCIPLES

Unit load is the mass to be moved or handled at one time

Unit load should be designed to be as large as is practical for the material handling system

Considerations

Multiples items can be handled simultaneously

Reduce number of trip Loading and unloading times are reduced

Product damage is decreased


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MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT

Categories

1. Material transport equipment

2. Storage system

3.

Unitizing equipment

4. Identification and tracking system


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1.

Material transport equipment

Move material inside a factory

2. Storage systems

Raw material

Work in process

Categories:

Conventional storage methods:

Automated storage systems:


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3.

Unitizing equipment

Containers used to hold individual items during handling

Pallets, boxes, baskets, barrels, pails, and drums

Equipment used to load and package the containers

Automatically load cartons onto pallet

Wrapping and packing

4. Identification and tracking systems

It refers to keep tracking

Label and bars code

RFID: radio frequency identification


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MATERIAL TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT

1.

Industrial trucks

2. Automated guided vehicles systems(AGVS)

3.

Rail guided vehicles4.

Conveyors

5. Hoists and cranes


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1.

INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS

Characteristics

Low and medium cost

manual or powered

Low production: Low rate of delivery per hour

Types:

walkie trucks

forklift trucks

towing tractor

Uses:

Light load

Palletizing containers


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2.

AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLES SYSTEMS(AGVS)

Characteristics High cost

Independently operated

Low and medium production

Battery powered vehicles

Flexible routing

No obstructive pathways

Types

Driverless trains

Pallet trucks

Unit load carriers

Uses


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Moving different material from various load points to various unload points

3.

RAIL GUIDED VEHICLES

High cost

Flexible routing:

On de floor or overhead

Uses:

Lines assemblies

4.

CONVEYORS Large quantities

Fixed path

In floor, on the floor, overhead


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Types:

Roller conveyors Skate-wheel conveyors

Belt conveyors

Chain conveyor

In floor towline conveyors

Overhead trolley conveyors

Power and free overhead trolley conveyors

Cart on track conveyor

Other types

Uses:

Lines assemblies


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5.

HOISTS AND CRANES

More than 100 tons Homework: ANALYSIS OF MATERIAL TRANSPORT SYSTEM

340 material handling

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