3.6 Water resources

Glen Canyon: Paper 2 Tuesday, 17th April, 45 minutes

To revise:

EIAsHEPTechno and ecocentric values

World water hotspotsWrite 5 sentences to summarise the problems people are facing in five parts of the world.12345

Water shortage Part 1 Watch these clips and addWater shortage part 2 annotations to the next slide.

Part 2: Spain

World water hotspots –Part 1:

The world’s water budgetInsert a graph to show the percentages of fresh and saline water in the world

Why is this a problem for the world’s people? Consider what we use water for as well as issues such as development, population growth and climate change.

Fresh water in the world1. Find a graph that shows where the world’s

freshwater is.2. List the freshwater sources in decreasing

order of size with the % next to each one.3. What problem can you see from your table?

Water inequalityWatch: A world without water

Answer the questions on the next slide on the first 12 minutes of the film, then continue making your own notes.

Where is the film set: Place: Country: Continent:How does the family get its water?How do you get your water?How many people in the world lack access to clean water?How many people are there in the world? 7 billion 70 billionWhat caused Vanessa’s brother to die?How can not having water lead to death? 1 2 3Why can’t the family get water on tap?Apart from the daily walk to get water and her brother dying from lack of clean water, how else does no access

to water affect Vanessa?

What proportion of the world’s population live in areas of water scarcity?Why may this number increase?Number of people in the world: increasing / decreasing / staying the sameAmount of water in the world: increasing / decreasing / staying the sameTherefore, amount of water per person: ncreasing / decreasing / staying the sameMillennium Development Goals: What did the UN commit to in the year 2000? By 2015, halving… How can water be privatized? Companies…  How deep is the well in Rajasthan?What has happened to the depth under the ground of the water table?What might have caused this?

5 facts to show the inequality in water use in the world

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Exam question: Describe the earth’s water budget

(Say where the water is in the world)

What is a turnover time?

The time for a water particle to enter or leave a part of the system.

On average it takes a water molecule 37,000 years from entering the ocean to leaving it.

It takes 12-20 days for a molecule of water to enter a river and leave it.

How many days do you think there is from a molecule of water entering the atmosphere to leaving it?

What water sources are renewable or replenishable and what are non-renewable?

Renewable are those which take a year or less to be replenished.

3 renewable:

7 non-renewable:

What is sustainable water use?

Humans use water in large quantities for:1234

Values: Which value groups would say these things?

……………………………………………: Use water resources sustainably and nor diminish them to such a degree that they are non-replenishable

…………………………………………….: Solutions can be found to overcome our unsustainable use of water resources

Water conflict: the problems and solutions – mix and match

Problem SolutionCrops need large amounts of water

Regulate maximum temperatures of released cooling water

Fertilisers and pesticides pollute rivers

Restrict use of underground water supplies

Industries release warm water into rivers

Reduce the amount of water we use by being more water-efficient

Aquifers are being exhausted Use drought-resistant cropsWater used for irrigation evaporates before the crops get it

Use organic farming methods and restrict chemical use to the least rainy times

Low river water levels Use trickle systems rather than spraying water on crops

Ecocentric solutions to water shortage: images

Recycling of water from showers/bathsMagic stones trickLimit water useMonitor water useAfforestationEfficient toilet systems (2 buttons, brick in cistern)

Technocentric solutions to water shortage: images

Cloud seedingDrought-resistant cropsWater-efficient buildings e.g. recycle rainwaterSynthetic water productionRemoval of chemicals from water before release from factoriesDamsDesalination plantsIceberg capture and transport

How do ecocentists and technocentrists differ in their approach to water management? 8 marks

The water cycle: a systems diagramDraw a systems diagram of the water budget

and cycle showing the storages and flows. Make the boxes and flows correspond to the

proportions shown in the table on page 217. Label all stores and flows.

The Aral Sea (film clips and pages 220-221)

Where is it?

How has it changed over the last 30 years?

Why has it changed?

Was this sustainable water usage? Why or why not?

The Aral SeaSocial effects:Economic effects:Environmental effects:

Case study: The Aral Sea

Watch the 2 journeyman clipsShrinking Sea

Watch this film clip, 6 years later.

Recovering sea?

Is this a sustainable solution? Why or why not?

Essay question: 30 minutesa) Budget and conflictb) Ecocentricc) Technocentric