37597630 som 01 04 centrality of christ in the ot

8/8/2019 37597630 SOM 01 04 Centrality of Christ in the OT

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SOM-01 Foundations of our Faith SOM-01-04 Centrality of Christ in the Old Testament This class will examine how Filipinos view Jesus Christ and how that view can be reconciled with the biblical presentation of who Jesus is. How can I bringa biblical understanding of Christ into my ministry?


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SEATS Schools of Ministry -01 Foundations of our Faith

SOM-01-04 Christology

IV. Centrality of Christ in the Old Testament The Pre Incarnate Son of God In-Class: The OT & Your Ministry When did you last preach from the OT? What passage?What was the topic? Who is your favourite OT character? What is your favourite O

T book? What is your favourite OT story?. Why do we have Old Testament? It is not the case that [the people of the OT] only look for something which is to come,thus giving the OT simply a preparatory function. According to their own clearwitness, which we have recognized to be the Word of God, they speak of deliverance & renewal, life & faith, hope & love in their own Now. This is not proleptichealing; it IS healing. This is not future forgiveness; it IS forgiveness. Thisis not salvation with an eye toward...; it IS salvation. The people of the OT knew themselves to be addressed with the promise & challenge of Gods Word in theirown day. It was not given to them merely so that they could be custodians of ituntil the day of Jesus, when it would make sense.1 Hope in the OT The message ofthe OT provided real hope to the people living in that time just as the Bible (OT & NT combined) provides real hope for us living in our time. The Hope that Go

d will save them from their sins.

1

Frederick J. Gaiser, The OT & the Christian Gospel, (emphasis added). 2


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The Hebrew Scriptures TaNaK (The Hebrew Scriptures) The Law (Torah) Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy The Prophets (Nebhim) Former Latter Prophets Prophets Joshua Isaiah Judges Jeremiah Samuel Ezekiel Kings The Twelve The Writing

s (Kethubim) Poetical Books Historical Books Psalms Daniel Proverbs Ezra-Nehemiah Job Chronicles Five Rolls Song of Songs Ruth Lamentations Esther Ecclesiastes

Class Outline 1. Messianic Prophecies 2. Angel of YHWH hwhy 3. Sonology 4. Name ofYHWH hwhy 5. Glory of YHWH hwhy 6. Word of YHWH hwhy 7. Son as YHWH hwhy 1. Messianic Prophecies & the Angel of YHWH. Traditionally, Bible scholars have identified 2 major examples for the centrality of Christ in the OT, namely, MessianicProphecies & the Angel of YHWH. 1. Messianic Prophecies 1. He will be a male descendant of Eve:

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God said to the serpent, "I will put enmity between you & the woman, & between your seed & her seed; he shall bruise your head, & you shall bruise his heal" (Ge3:15). 2. He will be a descendant of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, & Judah: God said .

.., "through your offspring, all nations on earth will be blessed" (Ge 22:18; 26:4; 28:14). "Men from Judah

s family will be kings. The sign that his family rules will not leave his family before the real king comes" (Ge 49:10) 3. He will be a prophet like Moses. God said to Moses, "I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers; I will put my words in his mouth, & he will tell them everything I command him" (De 18:18). 4. A descendant of Jesse. "A shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse; from his roots a Branch will bear fruit.The Spirit of the Lord will rest on him" (Is 11:1-2) 5. He is the source (root)of Jesse. "In that day the root of Jesse will stand as a banner for the people"(Is 11:10). 6. A descendant of David who will sit on David

s throne. Nathan said to David, Your house & your kingdom will endure forever before me; your thronewill be established forever (2Sa 7:16). 7. Born of a virgin, & called Immanuel There

fore, the Lord himself will give you a sign: The virgin will be with child & will give birth to a son, & will call him Immanuel (Is 7:14). 8. He will be born inBethlehem. But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, though you are small among the clans ofJudah, out of you will come for me one who will be ruler over Israel, whose origins are from of old, from ancient times (Mi 5:2). 9. He will be David

s Lord. David said, The Lord said to my Lord:

Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet

(Ps 110:1). 10. He will reign on David

s throne forever. For to us a child is born, to us a son is given. ... And he will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. ... He willrule on David

s throne & over his kingdom, establishing & upholding it with justice & righteousness from that time on & forever (Is 9:6-7). 11. He will enter Jerusalem as a king, riding on a donkey. Rejoice greatly, O Daughter of Jerusalem!See, your king comes to you, righteous & having salvation, gentle & riding on a

donkey (Zec 9:9).

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12. He will be betrayed by a friend. Even my close friend, whom I trusted, he whoshared my bread, has lifted up his heel against me (Ps 41:9). 13. He will be betrayed for 30 pieces of silver. So they paid me thirty pieces of silver (Zec 11:12)

. 14. He will die for the sins of others. He was pierced for our transgressions,he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was uponhim, & by his wounds we were healed. ... The Lord has laid on him the iniquityof us all (Is 53:5-6). 15. He will die by crucifixion. They have pierced my hands& my feet (Ps 22:16). 16. He will be offered gall & vinegar. They put gall in my food & gave me vinegar for my thirst (Ps 69:21). 17. They will cast lots for his clothing. They divide my garments among them & cast lots for my clothing (Ps 22:18). 18. His bones will not be broken. He protects all his bones, not one of them will be broken (Ps 34:20). 19. He will be buried with the wicked & the rich. For hewas cut off from the land of the living; for the transgression of my people he was stricken. He was assigned a grave with the wicked, & with the rich in his death (Is 53:8-9). 20. He will be raised from death before his body decays. You will

not abandon me in the grave, nor will you let your holy one see decay. (Ps 16:10). 21. He will ascend to the Ancient of Days & be given dominion over an everlasting kingdom. Behold, with the clouds of heaven there came one like a son of man,& he came to the Ancient of Days & was presented before him. And to him was given dominion & glory & kingdom that all peoples, nations, & languages should servehim; his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, & hiskingdom one that shall not be destroyed (Da 7:13-14). 2. Angel of Yahweh QuestionHow can I be looking at God & still be alive?

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But you cant see my face, because no one may see me & live. Ex 33:20 In Class: Angel of the LORD Group 1 Ge chapters 18-19 Ge 21:17-20 Ge 22:11-18 Ge 24:7, 40 Ge 31:11 Group 2 Ge 32:24-32 Ge 48:16 Ex 3:2ff (see also Acts 7:30-35) Ex 14:19 (com

pare with 13:21) Ex 23:20-23 Group 3 Ex 32:34 (also Ex 33:2 & 33:14 under the figure of God

s presence) Nu 20:16 Nu 22:22-35 Jos 5:13-15 The Angel of the Lord 1. The Angel of the Lord Had Physical Attributes a. He could speak. Ge 16:7,8 b.He could be seen. Ge 16:13 c. He could eat. Ge 18:1,8 d. He could see. Ge 18:16e. He could move. Ge 18:16 f. He was limited or limited Himself. Ge 32:24,25 g.He was limited in time. Ge 32:26 2. The Angel of the Lord Had Divine Attributesa. He made great promises that only God could make & keep. Ge 16:8 A promise tomultiply the seed of Hagar. b. He foretold the future. Ge 16:12 c. He was compassionate. Ge 18:23-32 d. He could deal in judgment. Ge 18:1-33 e. He had access to heaven. Ge 22:11 f. He could prosper individuals. Ge 24:7,40 g. He could appear in dreams. Ge 31:11 h. He was omnipresent. Ge 31:12 i. He kept men from evil.Ge 48:16, "An angel who redeemed me from all evil...."

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j. He could do the supernatural. Ex 3:1-4 k. He wasn

t confined to the human form. Ex 3:1-4; Ex. 13:21 -- cloud of smoke; Ex 14:19 -- Angel of the Lord. l. He could keep believers. Ge 28:20; Ex 23:20 m. He could draw people to places. Ex 23

:20 n. He could kill enemies. 2Ki 19:35 o. He could kill Israelites in Judgment.1Ch 21:15-18 p. He was sent by God. 1Ch 21:15,26 q. He could be concerned in the delay of judgment. Zec 1:12-14 r. He was worshiped. Ex 3:1-5. Normal angels donot allow worship. Re 19:10; 22:8,9 3. Eyewitness Accounts of The Angel of theLord a. Abraham: Ge 18:1-33; Gen. 22:11-18 b. Hagar: Ge 16:13 c. Jacob: Ge 31:11-13; 48:16 d. Moses: Ex 3:1-5; 13:21 cf 14:19 e. Joshua: Jos 5:13-6:2 f. Others:2Ki 19:35; 1Ch 21:14-18; Da 3:15-28; Zec 1:12-14 Own Personal Testimony In thedream the Angel of God called to me, Jacob! And I answered, Yes, here I am. He said,Look up & see that all the male goats which are mating are striped, speckled, orspotted, because I have seen everything that Laban is doing to you. I am the God who appeared to you at Bethel .... -- Ge 31:11-13 Exodus 23:20-22 Behold, I send an angel in front of you, to guard you on the way & to bring you to the place

that I have prepared. Be attentive to him & listen to his voice; do not rebel against for he will not pardon your transgression; for my Name is in him. But if you listen to his voice & do all that I say, then I will be an enemy to your enemies & an adversary to your adversaries. 3. SON-OLOGY Charles A. Gieschen, The RealPresence of the Son Before Christ: A New Approach to OT Christology (Indiana: Concordia Theological Seminary, 2003) It

s more than just predictions & the Angelof the LORD that makes the OT Christocentric There are 2 Issues 1. The Son is not really Christ until he becomes incarnate. 2. Christology is a subcategory ofTheology, not a separate category 1. The Son is not really Christ until his birth The Son pre exists Jesus or Christ. He is eternal but the names Jesus or Christ are not used to describe him in the preexistent state. What term is? ______________.

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2. Christology is not separate from Theology God is three-in-one so any reference to God in the Old Testament, by definition, includes Jesus, the second personof the Trinity. Myhla elohim God [la el-? God-?] hwhy yahweh I AM ynda adonai Lo

rd Since God is the central figure in the OT, then Jesus is also its central figure. What role does Jesus play? John 1:18 No one has ever seen God. Gods only Son, the one who is closest to the Fathers heart, has made him known. No one has ever seen God at any time, the Only Begotten God, from the position alongside the Father, made him known. Question: Jesus made God known in his ministry on earth.But how did the people in the OT know God? John 5:39, 45-47 You search the Scriptures ; it is they that bear witness to me. Do not think that I shall accuse you to the Father; it is Moses who accuses you, on whom you set your hope. If you believed Moses, you would believe me, for he wrote of me. But if you do not believehis writings, how will you believe my words? Luke 24:17 And beginning with Moses & all the prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself. Jude 5 I want to remind you about what you already know: Jesus

* once saved his people from Egypt. But on another occasion he destroyed those who didnt believe. *Some MSS have The Lord Question: When was Jesus in Egypt? 1Corinthians 10:1-10 ... all our ancestors who left Egypt were under the cloud, & theyall went through the sea.... all of them drank the same spiritual drink. They drank from the spiritual rock that went with them, & that rock was Christ. Yet, God was not pleased with most of them, so their dead bodies were scattered over the desert.... So dont worship false gods .... sin sexually .... complain as some of them did. The angel of death destroyed them.

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Question: How was Christ with them in the desert? John 12:41 Isaiah said this because he had seen Jesus glory & had spoken about him. Question: When did Isaiah seeJesus

glory? John 8:56-58 Your father Abraham was pleased to see that my day w

as coming. He saw it & was happy. The Jews said to Jesus, Youre not even fifty years old. How could you have seen Abraham? Jesus told them, I can guarantee this truth: Before Abraham was ever born, I am. Question: How could Jesus have existed before Abraham if he was only 30 years old? Col.1:15 The Son is "the image of the invisible God." -Does this also apply to the pre-incarnate state? -the image of God seen by sinful man since the Fall in Eden. Does this mean that since the Father is unseen, he is somehow unknown in the OT? -The one who has seen me, has seenthe Father (John 14:9) John 5:39, 45-47 You search the Scriptures ; it is they that bear witness to me. Do not think that I shall accuse you to the Father; it isMoses who accuses you, on whom you set your hope. If you believed Moses, you would believe me, for he wrote of me. But if you do not believe his writings, how will you believe my words? Luke 24:17 And beginning with Moses & all the prophets

, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself. These NT verses show us that the Son was indeed present in the OT. But is there evidence of this in the OT itself? 4. Name of YHWH hwhy The OT speaks of the Name of YHWH living in the midst of Israel or the Temple. Name is not just an idea. The OT talks about a real presence. This concept is carried on in the NT when Jesus is referred to as the Name [Jo 1:12]. Then Moses replied to God, Suppose I go to the people of Israel & say to them, The God of your ancestors has sent me to you, &they ask me, What is his name? What should I tell them? God answered Moses, I Am Who I Am [hwhy yahweh]. This is what you must say to the people of Israel: I Am hassent me to you. Deuteronomy 12:11

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Then the LORD your God will choose a place where his name will live. You must bring everything I command you to that place. Bring your burnt offerings, your sacrifices, one-tenth of your income, your contributions, & all the best offerings

you vow to bring to the LORD. 1Kings 5:5 Now Im thinking of building a temple forthe name of the LORD my God as the LORD spoke to my father David: Your son, whomI will put on your throne to succeed you, will build a temple for my name. Hebrews 1:4 The Son has become greater than the angels since he has been given a namethat is superior to theirs. 5. Glory of YHWH Glory in the next verses is personified. That is, it is not just an idea, it is a person. The fact that Jesus is described in the NT (eg. Jo 1:14) as having the glory of God shows us that this person is the Son. Exodus 24:15-18 So Moses went up on the mountain, & the cloudcovered it. The glory of the LORD settled on Mount Sinai. For six days the cloudcovered it, & on the seventh day the LORD called to Moses from inside the cloud. To the Israelites, the glory of the LORD looked like a raging fire on top of the mountain. Moses entered the cloud as he went up the mountain. He stayed on th

e mountain 40 days & 40 nights. Numbers 16:19-42 19When Korah had gathered all his followersthose who opposed Moses & Aaron at the entrance to the tent of meeting, the glory of the LORD appeared to the whole group. 20The LORD said to Moses &Aaron, 21Move away from these men, & Ill destroy them in an instant. ... 35Fire came from the LORD & consumed the 250 men who were offering incense. Habbakuk 2:14But the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the LORDs glory like the watercovers the sea. Ezekiel 1:26-28 On the throne was a figure that looked like a human. Then I saw what he looked like from the waist up. He looked like glowing bronze with fire all around it. From the waist down, he looked like fire. A bright light surrounded him. The brightness all around him looked like a rainbow in the clouds. It was like the LORDs glory. When I saw it, I immediately bowed down .... Isaiah 6:10 Make the heart of this people calloused; make their ears dull & close their eyes. Other wise they might see with their eyes, hear with their John

12:40-41 [Jesus] has blinded their eyes & deadened their hearts, so they can neither see with their eyes, nor understand with their hearts, nor turn

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ears, understand with their hearts, & turn & be healed.

& I would heal them. Isaiah said this because he saw Jesus glory & spoke about hi

m. On the Throne in Heaven

John 5:39, 45-47 You search the Scriptures ; it is they that bear witness to me. Do not think that I shall accuse you to the Father; it is Moses who accuses you,on whom you set your hope. If you believed Moses, you would believe me, for he wrote of me. But if you do not believe his writings, how will you believe my words? Luke 24:17 And beginning with Moses & all the prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself. 6. Word of YHWH In the beginning the Word already existed. The Word was with God, & the Word was God. Jo1:1 Jeremiah 1:4-9 Now the Word of YHWH came to me saying, Before I formed you inthe womb I knew you, & before you were born I consecrated you; I appointed youa prophet to the nations. Then I said, Ah, Adonai Elohim! Behold I do not know how

to speak, for I am only a youth. But YHWH said to me, Do not say, I am only a youth; for to all to whom I sent you, you shall go, & whatever I command you, you shall speak. Be not afraid of them, for I am with you to deliver you, says YHWH. Then YHWH put forth his hand & touched my mouth; & YHWH said to me, Behold, I have put my words in your mouth. Hebrews 4:12-13 For the Word of God is living & active, sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing to the division of soul & spirit,of joints & marrow, & discerning the thoughts & intentions of the heart. Namely,no creature is hidden before him, but all creatures are bare & laid open to hiseyes, who for us is the Word. Revelation 19:12-13

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His eyes are like blazing fire, & on his head are many crowns. He has a name written on him that on one but he himself knows. He is dressed in a robe dipped inblood & the name by which he is called is the Word of God. 1Samuel 3:19-21 Samue

l grew up. The LORD was with him & didnt let any of his words go unfulfilled. AllIsrael from Dan to Beersheba knew Samuel was the LORDs appointed prophet. The LORD continued to appear in Shiloh, since the LORD revealed himself to Samuel in Shiloh through the word of the LORD. 7. Son as YHWH Sometimes the Son appears inthe OT as YHWH himself.

Isaiah 45:23-24 Every knee will bow to me* & every tongue will swear allegiance. It will be said of me, Certainly, righteousness & strength are found in the LORD alone. *Php 2:9 says this is Jesus himself Is 45.23b-24a To me every knee will bow,& every tongue will swear. Only in YHWH, it shall be said of me, are righteousness& strength. Phil 2:9-11 Therefore God has highly exalted [Jesus] & bestowed on him the name that is above every name, in order that at the name of Jesus every kn

ee should bow, in heaven & on earth & under the earth, & every tongue confess that Jesus is Lord to the glory of God the Father.

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TORAH The Law TORAH The Law Genesis in the beginning Exodus these are the names Les & He called Numbers in the wilderness Deuteronomy these are the words Christ in evy OT book Genesis: The seed of woman who will bruise the head of the serpent. Me

lchizedek the King of Righteousness & Christ is our High Priest "on the order ofMelchizedek." Joseph who, as far as his family was concerned, was dead, but became the king

s right hand in Egypt & was the savior of his family. Exodus: The lamb slain whose blood was on the doorposts Christ in every OT book Leviticus: The sacrifices & offerings are symbolic of the sacrifice of Christ & were fulfilled in Him. Numbers: The rock & the manna are symbolic of Christ, the Bread of Life & the Rock of our salvation. Deuteronomy: The Prophet who is to come who is "like unto Moses". tysar:b bereshith in the beginning In the beginning God created the heavens & the earth. Genesis 1:1 Question: What will happen in the end? tyrxa:bacharith in the end End of Genesis: Jacob to his sons Gather around so I can tellyou what will happen in days to come. Genesis 49:1 tyrxa:b acharith in the end Endof Torah: Moses to the People of Israel In days to come disaster will fall upon y

ou because you will do evil in the sight of the LORD & provoke him to anger by what your hands have made. Deuteronomy 31:29 Bruise your head Ge 3:15

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I will make you & the woman hostile toward each other. I will make your descendants & her descendant hostile toward each other. He will crush your head, & & youwill bruise his heel. This is the first statement of the Gospel in the Bible. Qu

estion: Who is the descendent (seed) of the woman?

Blessing all peoples Gen 12:1-3 The LORD said to Abram, Leave your land, your relatives, & your fathers home. Go to the land that I will show you. I will make youa great nation, I will bless you. I will make your name great, & you will be ablessing. I will bless those who bless you, & whoever curses you, I will curse.Through you every family on earth will be blessed. Melchizedek Gen 14 King PriestNo geneology Appointed by God supercedes the Aaronic Priesthood of Exodus

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GENESIS 22 ISAAC AND JESUS Both sacrificed in the same place, which God had appointed After 3 days Isaac

s substitute dies; after 3 days Jesus rises again Abraham says God will provide a lamb as substitute

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NEBHIM The Prophets NEBHIM The Prophets Former Prophets Joshua Judges Samuel Kings Latter Prophets Isaiah Jeremiah Ezekiel The Twelve (Minor Prophets) Christ in every OT book Joshua The Captain of the Lord

s Hosts, an OT manifestation of Christ

Judges The Angel of the LORD who appeared to Manoah & his wife. The many judgeswho were saviours to Israel Christ in every OT book Samuel David, the prince &the king. Jesus will sit upon the throne of David. The Root & offspring of JesseKings The earthly kings & their shortfalls. Jesus will be King of kings & Lordof lords. Greater than Solomon & greater than the Temple. Christ in every OT book Isaiah The Suffering Servant who was wounded for our transgressions, & bruised for our iniquities. Isaiah said that with his stripes we are healed. Jeremiah The Righteous Branch Ezekiel The True Shepherd, the Prince, & the Son of Man

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Christ in every OT book Hosea Jesus

namesake, for Hosea means Yehovah

s Saviorjust as Jesus does Joel speaks of Israel

s deliverer Amos speaks of raising thetabernacle of David. Jesus came to earth & tabernacled among us. See John 1:14,

where the word dwelt actually means tabernacled Christ in every OT book Obadiah tells us of the Deliverer on Mount Zion Jonah is the sign Jesus would give the world(3 days & nights in the belly of a fish) Micah speaks of the King passing before them Christ in every OT book Nahum tells us of the Stronghold in Trouble Habakkuk talks about the Holy One whose glory covers the sky Zephaniah we are told ofthe Mighty God in the midst of Zion Christ in every OT book Haggai calls Jesusthe desire of all nations. Zechariah speaks of the Branch Malachi calls Him the Sunof Righteousness.

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KETHUBHIM The Writings KETHUBHIM Poetical Books Psalms Proverbs Job Five Rolls Song of Songs Ruth Lamentations Esther Ecclesiastes

The Writings

Historical Books Daniel Ezra-Nehemiah Chronicles Christ in every OT book PsalmsPs 22 is Crucifixion Psalm. Ps 23 is Shepherd Psalm, & Ps 24 is Resurrection Psalm. Ps 110:1, "The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool." This is about Christ. Proverbs The Wisdom of God, who is Christ Job His redeemer in 19:25 "For I know that my redeemer liveth,& that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth" Christ in every OT bookSong of Songs He is shown as the faithful Shepherd, & the Bridegroom. Ruth Our Kinsman-Redeemer. Christ in every OT book Esther The seed of woman (through whomJesus would come) is preserved in Esther (the Jews were saved by her intervention). The name of the LORD is spelled out in four acrostics in Esther. Ecclesiaste

s The "one man in a thousand" among the emptiness of life under the sun.

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Daniel Messiah the Prince, who is "cut off." Christ in every OT book Ezra Jesusis the "nail in the holy place." Nehemiah speaks of the "bread from Heaven" & the water out of the Rock." Chronicles "the King

s son" rescued from the dead & hid

den in the House of the LORD to be manifested in due time. This was good king Joash. Read the story in 2 Chronicles 22-23.. Is Jesus Mentioned in the OT? ewsy Y

SHUA English = Jesus Greek = Ihsou (Iesou) Meaning: Salvation; the LORD Saves Genesis 49:18 When Jacob was ready to depart from the land of the living,he says,To your Jesus [Y

SHUA, Salvation ] I am looking, O LORD. Psalm 9:14 King David ofIsrael said, ...I will rejoice in your Jesus [Y

SHUA]." Matthew 1:21 Before thebirth of Y

SHUA, the Angel spoke to Joseph: And she shall bring forth a Son, & thou shalt call his Name Jesus [Y

SHUA or salvation ] for He shall save his people from their sins. Isaiah 12:2-3 JESUS is mentioned 3 times: "Behold, God is my Jesus [Y

SHUA]; I will trust, & be not afraid: for the LORD Almighty is my strength & my song; he also is become my Jesus [Y

SHUA]. Therefore with joy shall ye draw water out of the wells of Jesus [Y

SHUA]." We see here that Jesus IS GOD, &

that GOD also IS BECOME our Jesus [Y

SHUA], & the wells of Jesus [Y

SHUA] are the waters of Salvation flowing forth from Calvary. Isaiah 62:11 The LORD hath proclaimed unto the end of the world, Say ye to the daughter of Zion, Behold, thy JESUS [salvation; Y

SHUA] cometh; behold, his reward is with him, & his work beforehim. Habakkuk 3:13 You came out to deliver your people, to save your anointed one. You crushed the leader of the land of wickedness, you stripped him from head to foot. -NIV You go out to save your people, to save with your anointed. You crush the leader of the wicked household, stripping him bare from head to toe. -GW

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Aewsy Y

SHUA (Jesus/Salvation) is a person, not an event!

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37597630 som 01 04 centrality of christ in the ot

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