3D PRINTING AN EMERGING ERA OF FUTURE PRINTING

PRESENTED BY: PRAVIN AHIRWAR STUDENT OF T.E CSE

CONTENTS INTRODUCTIONHISTORYWORKING PRINCIPLESMETHODS AND TECHNOLOGIESADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES APPLICATIONSCONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

The process of making a three dimensional solid object from digital model or other electronic data is called 3d printing.

It is also known as Additive manufacturing. 3D printing is a form of additive manufacturing

technology where a three dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material.

HISTORY

The first working 3D printer was created in 1984 by Charles Hull of 3D Systems Corp.

He named the technique as Stereolithography and obtained a patent for the technique in 1986.

In 2005 Z Corp launched first high definition color 3D printer.

WORKING PRINCIPLES

Modeling

Printing

Finishing

MODELING

Model of the 3d object is created in computer aided design (CAD) or animation modeling software and "slices" them into digital cross-sections for the machine to successively use as a rule for printing.

PRINTING To perform a print, the

machine reads the structure from an STL file and lays down successive layers of liquid, powder, or other materials to make the model from a series of cross-sections. At last, the 3D-printed object is completed according to the design.

FINISHING

As the object is created post processing may be needed for some nice and attractive looks.

So, supports can be removed or dissolve upon completion of the print and the finishing should be done on the object.

METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES

STEREOLITHOGRAPHY (SLA)

SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING (SLS)

FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING (FDM)

DIRECT METAL LASER SINTERING (DMLS)

STEREOLITHOGRAPHY (SLA)

Stereolithography is a process for creating 3d objects using a computer-controlled laser to build the required structure, layer by layer.

It does this by using a resin known as liquid photopolymer that hardens when in contact with the air.

SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING (SLS)

This technology uses a high power laser to fuse small mites of plastic, metal, or glass powders into a mass that has the desired 3d shapes.

The laser selectively fuses the powdered material by scanning the layers generated by the 3d designing program on the surface of a powder bed.

FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING (FDM)

The FDM technology works using a plastic filament or metal wire which is unwound from a coil and supplies material to an extrusion nozzle . The nozzle is heated to melt the material.

The object is created by extruding melted material to form layers as the material hardens immediately after extrusion from the nozzle.

DIRECT METAL LASER SINTERING (DMLS)

The DMLS is an 3d printing technique that uses a laser as the power source to sinter powdered material (typically metal), aiming the laser automatically at points in space defined by a 3d model, binding the material together to create a solid structure.

ADVANTAGES

Rapid Prototyping: 3D printing gives designers the ability to quickly turn concepts into 3D models or prototypes (rapid prototyping).

Clean process: Wastage of material is negligible.

Complex shape can be produced easily . Easy to use : No skilled person needed. Reduce design complexity. Cheap: Cheaper process than any other process.

DISADVANTAGES

Manufacture of Dangerous Items: The ability to print dangerous objects such as plastic guns, knives, or any other object that could be used as a weapon.

Size Limitations: 3D printers have limitations when it comes to large size of the objects created.

Scan & Fraud: 3D printers can be used to scan and print I.D. and credit cards, car keys, as well as a multiplicity of other private belongings.

Raw Material Limitations: 3D printing is viable for items made from a single raw material only.

APPLICATIONS

FUTURE There is currently research going on to create 3D

printers that could print out organs for people in need of a transplant.

Within a decade, 3d printers will become common place in houses.

A team at Loughborough University in England is working on a 3d concrete printing plan, that could allow large building elements.

CONCLUSION

3d Printing technology could revolutionize and change the world. 3d printing technology can consequential change and improve the way we manufacture products and produce goods products.

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