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* ��ÛÛÛÛbbbbÉÉÉÉ’’’’ððððJenkins was the Governor of Punjab in 1946-47. The time was

significant as World War II had ended and British were planning to pack

up from India, Jenkins was also part of echelon that was working in India

for transfer of power they knew where the trouble lied. Jenkins had the

capability to point out the disease, but he has no diagnostic solution for it.

He had put his burden on centre, and centre only gave verbal warnings of

dire actions against culprits who tried to disturb the process of transfer.

Jenkins was good in writing letters, fortnightly reports informing the

centre of the political developments in his province. Jenkin's study helps us

to determine the factual ground realities and centre cosmetic claims.

When claims do not match realities, the jugglers are miserably

exposed; ordinary people of Punjab paid the price of their failure. The

British rulers safely sent back home their civilians and soldiers and let the

Punjab bled. Punjab had given a lifeline to British in 1857, but in 1947

British administrator of Punjab had no life line for this province.

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jZ!Y]1. Rukhsana Zafar, ed., Disturbances in the Punjab, Islamabad, National

Documentation Centre, 1995, p. 1.

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2. Iftikhar Haider Malik, Sikander Hayat Khan: A Political Biography, Islamabad,

NIHCR, 1985, p. 12.

3. Ian Talbot, (ed.), The Independence of India and Pakistan, Article of Nick Lloyd,

"The Last Governor: Sir Evan Jenkins in Punjab 1946-47", (Karachi, oup, 2013) p.

237.

4. Owain Jenkins, Marchant Prince Memories of India, (Wiltshire, Michael Russel,

1989), p. 42.

5. K.K. Aziz, The British in India, (Islamabad: NIHCR, 1975), p. 450.

6. Lionel Carter, Punjab Politics, 1 June - 14 August 1947 Tragedy, Governors'

Forthnightly Reports and other Key Documents, Vol V, (New Delhi: Manohra,

2007), p. 12 [f.n. 5.].

7. Owain Jenkins, Merchant Prince, p. 4.

8. Ibid,. pp. 225-226.

9. Leonard Mosley, The Last Days of British Raj, London: Weidnfeld and Nicholson,

1962), p. 204.

10. Waheed Ahmad (ed.), The Punjab-Story: 1940-1947: The Musim League and the

unionist: Towards Partition and Pakistan, (Islamabad: NDC, Cabinet Division,

2009), p. 531.

11. Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre, Freedom at Midnight, (New York, Simon

and Schuster, 1975), p. 127.

12. Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, India Wins Freedom, Vanguard, Lahore, 1988, pp.

135-137. Also see Penderal Moon, ed. Wavell: The Viceroy's Journal, oup,

Karachi, 1974, p. 222.

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16. Penderal Moon, The British Conquest and Dominion of India, Part II, 1848-1947,

(New Delhi: India Research Press, 1999), p. 1170.

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Ôm17X Š~Z\ÒWs0*Îy aŠO~·ZÔ D1819. H.V.Hodson, The Great Divide Britain India-Pakistan, Karachi, OUP, 1997,

pp.166-167.

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27. Lionel Carter, (ed.), Punjab Politics: 1 June - 14 August 1947 Tragedy,

(Governor's Fortnightly Reports and other Key Documents), Delhi, Manohar,

2007, p. 144.

28. Shahid Hamid, Disastrous Twilight, London, Leo Cooper, 1986, p. 159.

29. Farah Gul Baqai, Sir Evan Jenkins and the 1947 Partition of Punjab, PJHC,

National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, Islamabad, 2006, p. 77.

30. Punjab Police Abstracts; 219-221 and Jenkins Papers, MF. No. 1616 and Lionel

Carter, At the Abyss, 118-122.

31. Shahid Hamid, Disastrous Twilight, p. 159.

32. Akhtar Hussain, Muslim Sikh Relation in the British Punjab After the Lahore

Resolution of 1940, Islamabad, Ph.D Diss., Department of History, Quaid-i-Azam

University, 2011.

iZ@aŠO~ÔXòÔm92ÔZzgŠ¶; D 33Maulana Abul Kalam Azam, India Wins Freedom, Lahore: Vanguard, 1988, p. 207.

34. Lionel Carter (ed.,), Punjab Politics 1 June-14August 1947 Tragedy, Jenkins to

Mountbatten, 9th July 1947, p. 142.

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41. L.F. Loveday, Prior Punjab Prelude (London, John Murry, 1952), pp. 212-213.

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(Leonard Mosley) author Last Days of British Raj in India.

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