410Copyright Trends and Finding Media Gems

Barbara M. Waxer, Copyright Educator

Orlando, FL • March 16 – 18, 2016

I am not now, nor have I ever been, nor do I

have any intention of becoming a lawyerPhoto: Hank Walker//Time Life Pictures/Getty Images

by adactio

• If I can right-click it, it’s mine

• I am an instructional designer,

educator, student, or artist

• I’ll remove it if I get caught

• I’ll give credit

• I’ll alter it more than X%

• There’s no copyright symbol ©

• If I don’t profit from the use,

I don’t need permission

• No one will come

after little ol’ me

M Y T H SI CAN USE IT BECAUSE

To put it another way…

+ =

CopyrightOne purpose

To rule them all

Promote

Cultureby offering a limited

monopoly

Starts as soon as it’s

created

Original & Fixed in a tangible medium

Lasts life of the author +70 years

Why

me?

Copyright Trifecta

Courtesy Cengage Learning

Copyright Lasts a Really Long Time

2016 2096 2166

Rights of Copyright Ownerssection 106

Courtesy Cengage Learning

$30–$150K

The law both promotes and

limits use

Usersoutpace

technology

Technology outpaces the law

Photo Library of Congress http : / /hdl . l oc . gov / l oc . pn p/c ph. 3b4 9 0 39

Technology allows exact copying

Technological and legal solutions problematic

RELATIONSHIP IS COMPLICATED

Technology and The Law

DM

CA

Designed to circumvent

digital copying

Not to censor speech

Contract Language

Criticism

Rights holders must consider fair use

when sending take down notices

Craig Gordon Raanan

Brittain Klingenschmitt Katz

The Strangest Bedfellows

Fair Use

Libraries & Archives

Sale transfers only the physical copy, not copyright

First Sale Doctrine

For certain (not all) activities

Education Exception

Limitations to Exclusive Rights

Can’t sell even w/ legally purchased software or music

Device

Can you hack your car?

Vehicles

You only lease ebook;Can publisher prevent you selling hardcopy, too?

TextbookseTextbooks

Up Close & Personal with First Sale

Criticism

CommentaryNews

Reporting

Research

Teaching

Scholarship

Decided on a case-by-case

basis

NO SET FORMULA

Fair Use Purposes Include

Purposeand character of use

(commercial vs. nonprofit education)

Amountand substantiality

of the portion used in relation to the

copyrighted work as a whole

Natureof the

copyrighted work (fact vs. fiction)

Effectof the use on the

potential market or value of the copyrighted work

Fair Use Factors

Transformative Use

The Curious Case of Appropriation Art

Richard Prince v Cariou

The Questions

•The photographer does

•But Instagram’s Terms of Use allow them to sublicense

Who owns an Instagram photo?

•Or is it fair use because he sufficiently transformed the original?

So Richard Prince is a pirate and a

thief, arrrgh?

Did the original have monetary value before Prince appropriated it?

Trademarks ® TM SM

Somewhere in a galaxy far far away

…which is freedom of expression

…which is fair use

Used to illustrate how copying and repurposing is key part of culture

Mashups

Public Domain Works

Flexible Copyright Licenses

Affordable, diverse?

Stock Photos

Critically Important?

Get Permission

Finding Media Options

Permitted

No CC membership required; need Adobe ID

Can use image after CC membership cancelled

JPEG AI EPS SVG

Up to 300 dpi

Model releases obtained

Can buy image for client

No use as logo or branding

No use in porn/adult, tobacco ads, political

endorsements

No educational discount

Y

Must buy new license if using same photo

for new client

No video (yet)

Nope

Public Domaino Library of Congress – loc.gov

o Federal Agencies – NOAA, Fish & Wildlife,

Nat’l Park Service

o The Commons – flickr.com/commonsCourtesy Genny Anderson SBCC.edu

CC License You Can You MustCommercial

Use

Distribute

Remix

Tweak

Build Upon

Give credit to owner

Distribute

Remix

Tweak

Build Upon

Give credit to owner

License new work under the same terms

Distribute Give credit toowner

Not modify the work

AttributionCC BY

Attribution -ShareAlikeCC BY-SA

Attribution -N0DerivsCC BY-ND

Pick me,Pick me!

CC License You Can You MustCommercial

Use

Distribute

Remix

Tweak

Build Upon

Give credit to owner

Distribute

Remix

Tweak

Build Upon

Give credit to owner

License new work under the same terms

Distribute Give credit toowner

Not modify the work

Attribution -NonCommercialCC BY-NC

Attribution -NonCommercial -ShareAlikeCC BY-NC-SA

Attribution -NonCommercial -NoDerivsCC BY-NC-ND

www.flickr.com/creativecommons

CC Attribution Tools

Generates HTML code by

image size for Flickr-based

Creative Commons photos

Browser add-on that

generates attribution text

for Flickr-based Creative

Commons content; paste

in final document

Reverse Image Search

TinEye.com

Photos: CC & Similar

•Freeimages.com

•Morguefile.com

•Pixabay.com

Video & Film

•archive.org (Internet Archive)

•partnersinrhyme.com

•openfootage.net

Music & Sound

•dig.ccmixter.org

•freesound.org

•fma.org (Free Music Archive)

CC-BY Kristine Kisky

Public Domain Treats

•Unsplash.com

•Freerangestock.com

•Pexels.com

•Freeimages.red

•Littlevisuals.com

•PLiXS.com

CC-Y Kristine Kisky

Want more? Use my massive collection of sites

www.barbarawaxer.com

Courtesy Anson Stevens-Bollen