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    4.3.7 (Phy)

    Cell Division

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    Objective

    To understand how cells divide

    Understands the mechanism of cell division

    Applications in Veterinary sciences

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    The Cell Cycle

    &Cell Division

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    The Cell Cycle

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    MITOSIS

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    Mitosis

    The process of cell division which results

    in the production of two daughter cells

    from a single parent cell.

    The daughter cells are identical toone another and to the original parent

    cell.

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    Mitosis can be divided into stages

    Interphase

    Prophase

    Metaphase

    Anaphase

    Telophase & Cytokinesis

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    Interphase

    The cell prepares for division Animal Cell

    DNA replicated

    Organelles replicated

    Cell increases in size

    Plant Cell

    DNA replicated

    Organelles replicated

    Cell increases in size

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    Interphase

    Animal Cell Plant Cell

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    Prophase

    The cell prepares for nuclear division

    Animal Cell

    Packages DNA intochromosomes

    Plant cell

    Packages DNA intochromosomes

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    Prophase

    Animal Cell Plant Cell

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    Metaphase

    The cell prepares chromosomes for

    division Animal Cell

    Chromosomes line up

    at the center of the cell

    Spindle fibers attach

    from daughter cells to

    chromosomes at the

    centromere

    Plant Cell

    Chromosomes line up

    at the center of the cell

    Spindle fibers attach

    from daughter cells to

    chromosomes at the

    centromere

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    Metaphase

    Animal Cell Plant Cell

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    Anaphase

    The chromosomes divide Animal Cell

    Spindle fibers pull

    chromosomes apart

    of each

    chromosome (called

    chromotid) moves to

    each daughter cell

    Plant Cell

    Spindle fibers pull

    chromosomes apart

    of each

    chromosome (called

    chromotid) moves to

    each daughter cell

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    Anaphase

    Animal Cell Plant Cell

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    Telophase

    The cytoplasm divides Animal Cell

    DNA spreads out

    2 nuclei form

    Cell wall pinches in toform the 2 new

    daughter cells

    Plant Cell

    DNA spreads out

    2 nuclei form

    New cell wall formsbetween to nuclei to

    form the 2 new

    daughter cells

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    Telophase

    Animal Cell Plant Cell

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    Animal Mitosis -- Review

    Interphase Prophase

    Metaphase Anaphase

    Telophase Interphase

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    Plant Mitosis -- ReviewInterphase Prophase

    Metaphase Anaphase

    Telophase Interphase

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    MEIOSIS

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    Meiosis

    Meiosis is the type of cell division by which

    germ cells (eggs and sperm) are produced.

    One parent cell produces four daughter

    cells.

    Daughter cells have half the number of

    chromosomes found in the original

    parent cell

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    Meiosis

    During meiosis, DNA replicatesonce, but the nucleus divides twice.

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    Meiosis

    Four stages can be described for eachdivision of the nucleus.

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    Meiosis I

    First division of meiosis

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    First Division ofMeiosis

    Prophase 1: Each chromosome duplicates andremains closely associated. These are called sisterchromatids.

    Metaphase 1: Chromosomes align at the center of thecell.

    Anaphase 1: Chromosome pairs separate with sisterchromatids remaining together.

    Telophase 1: Two daughter cells are formed witheach daughter containing only one chromosome of thechromosome pair.

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    Prophase I

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    Prophase I

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    Metaphase I

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    Telophase I

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    Meiosis

    Second Division ofMeiosis

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    Second Division ofMeiosis

    Prophase 2: DNA does not replicate.

    Metaphase 2: Chromosomes line up at the center ofthe cell

    Anaphase 2: Centromeres divide and sisterchromatids move separately to each pole.

    Telophase 2: Cell division is complete.

    Four haploid daughter cells are formed.

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    Prophase II

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    Metaphase II

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    Telophase II

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    Meiosis

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    Differences in Mitosis & Meiosis

    Mitosis

    Asexual

    Cell divides once

    Two daughter cells

    Genetic information is

    identical

    Meiosis

    Sexual

    Cell divides twice

    Four haploid daughtercells

    Genetic information is

    different


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