Ch. 5Lesson 4

How Does the Body Defend Itself?

microorganisms• disease causing organisms

• so small can only be seen w/ microscope

body’s defenses against microorganisms

1. Skin

2. Breathing passages

3. Mouth

4. Stomach

pathogens

• organisms that cause some diseases

infectious disease

• disease that can pass from 1 organism to another

bacteria viruses

pathogens

microorganisms

Pictures Of Strep Throat

The red flecks indicate a bacterial infection.

Many cases of food poisoning are caused by harmful E. coli bacteria

Getting plenty of rest.

Getting plenty of exercise.

Washing your hands often.

Eating healthful foods.

How can some diseases be spread?Sheet Drawing of Observations

Sheet A

Sheet B

Sheet C

Sheet D

Year Person Discovery1796 Edward

Jennercreated smallpox vaccine

1854 Florence Nightingale

demanded Army hospitals be clean

1868 Louis Pasteur

showed micro-organisms cause disease

1882 Robert Koch

infectious disease caused by certain pathogen

1928 Alexander Fleming

made 1st antibiotic-penicillin

Discovery timeline

Edward Jenner

The hand of a person infected with cowpox

Florence Nighting

ale

Louis Pasteur

Robert Koch

Alexander Fleming

immune system

• helps protect you from pathogens

• incl. white blood cells

• produces antibodies to certain diseases

chicken poxchicken pox

antibody• chemical body makes to stop

pathogens from infecting other cells

• different antibody made for each pathogen

vaccine• kind of medicine that protects

you from a disease

• signals your immune system to make antibodies to a certain pathogen