5.01c nutrients

7/28/2019 5.01C Nutrients

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5.01C Nutrients 11

5.01C What is a Nutrient? A nutrient is a chemical substance in

food that helps maintain the body.

You need over 50 nutrients, which can

be divided into six groups. Water

Carbohydrates Lipids (Fats)

Proteins

Vitamins

Minerals


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5.01C Nutrients 22

Water Carbohydrates Fats

Protein

Vitamins

Minerals

Sugars

Starches

Cellulose

The Six Classifications of

Nutrients


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5.01C Nutrients 33

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Fats

These Nutrients Have Calories


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5.01C Nutrients 44

Definition of a Calorie:

The unit used to measure

the energy value of food.


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5.01C Nutrients 55

Calories per gram:

Protein 1 Gram = 4 calories

Carbohydrates 1 Gram = 4 calories

Fat 1 Gram = 9 calories


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5.01C Nutrients 66

Variables which affect

nutrient needs:1. Age

2. Gender3. Activity Level

4. Climate

5. Health

6. State of nutrition


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5.01C Nutrients 7

Key Nutrient: Water

7


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5.01C Nutrients 88

Aids digestion andcell growth and

maintenance Facilitates chemical

reactions

Lubricates joints andcells

Regulates bodytemperature

Function

PPB5.01c_Nutrients


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5.01C Nutrients 10

Key Nutrient: Carbohydrates

10PPB5.01c_Nutrients


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5.01C Nutrients 1111

Function

Supplies the

energy Provides fiber

Help the body

digest fats


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Sources Sugars: honey, jam,

molasses, candy,

table sugar Fiber: fruits,

vegetables, whole

grains Starch: breads,

cereals, pasta


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5.01C Nutrients 13

Key Nutrient: Fats

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Function

Supply energy

Carry fat-solublevitamins

Insulate the body

Protect organs Provide essential

fatty acids


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Types of Fats

Saturated: dairy products,

meats, lard, coconut and

palm oils

Unsaturated: fish, nuts,

vegetable oils

Sources


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The fat-like substance in

found in body cells. This

substance clogs arteries.

Cholesterol


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5.01C Nutrients 17

Key Nutrient: Proteins

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Builds and repairs muscles

and cell tissues Helps the body make

important substances

Regulates body processes

Supplies energy

Functions


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Sources

Complete proteins:

dairy products, eggs,fish, meat and

poultry.

Incomplete proteins: beans, grains and

nuts.


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5.01C Nutrients 20

Key Nutrient: Vitamins

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Fat-soluble vitamins

dissolve in fats

are stored in fatty tissues of the body

Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water

are not stored in the body

FunctionVitamins are divided into two main groups.


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Nutrient Functions Sources

Vitamin A Keeps skin and mucus

membranes healthy

Prevents night blindness

Promotes growth

Butter, dark green and yellow fruits

and vegetables, egg yolk, liver,

whole and fortified milk

Vitamin D Builds strong bones and teeth Egg yolk; fortified butter,

margarine, and milk; the sun

Vitamin E Acts as an antioxidant to protectcell membranes

Eggs, liver, salad oils, whole graincereals

Vitamin K Helps blood clot Cauliflower, egg yolk, organ meats

Fat-Soluble Vitamins


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Water-Soluble VitaminsNutrient Functions Sources

B-Complex Helps wounds heal

Helps fight infection

Helps nervous tissue function healthyPlays important role in breakdown of

proteins fats and carbohydrates

Oranges, grapefruits,

tangerines, cantaloupe,

broccoli, citrus fruits, tomatoesand raw cabbage

Vitamin C

(ascorbic acid)

Keeps nervous system healthy

Releases energy from food

Helps promote healthy gums and tissues

Pork, whole grain breads and

cereals


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5.01C Nutrients 24

Key Nutrient: Minerals

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MineralsNutrient Functions Sources

Calcium Builds bones and teeth

Helps muscles and nerves work

Milk, yogurt, cheese,

salmon, dark veggies

Iron Combines with protein to make

hemoglobin. Helps cells use oxygen

Liver, spinach, raisins and

molasses

Potassium Helps nerves and muscles

Balances body water

Potatoes, bananas, prune

juice and tomato products

Sodium Helps nerves and muscle function Salt, soy sauce, processedfoods and country ham

Iodine Promotes normal functioning of the

thyroid gland

Iodized salt and salt water

fish


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Food For ThoughtAvoid excesses of some vitamins and minerals.

To promote good nutrition and maintain good

health: Eat a variety of foods from the food guide

pyramid.

Drink plenty of water Daily exercise

Seek the advice of a physician or dieticianbefore taking supplements

5.01c nutrients

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