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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING RECIPROCAL METHOD IN TEACHING

READING NARRATIVE TEXT TO TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF

SMA MUHAMMADIYAH TAMBAK BANYUMAS IN

THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2011/2012

A THESIS

Submitted to the English Department of the Teacher Training and

Educational Sciences Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo in Partial

Fulfillment of Requirement for the SarjanaPendidikanDegree

By:

Sri Lestari Rahayu

NIM. 08.212.0195

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES FACULTY

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF PURWOREJO

2013

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING RECIPROCAL METHOD IN TEACHING

READING NARRATIVE TEXT TO TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF

SMA MUHAMMADIYAH TAMBAK BANYUMAS IN

THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2011/2012

By

Sri Lestari Rahayu

Abstract

This thesis is a pre-experimental research. The purpose of this research is to increase

the students motivation to learn English and make the students more active in teaching-

learning process, especially in learning reading narrative text to tenth grade students of SMA

Muhammadiyah Tambak Banyumas in the academic year of 2011/2012. The researcher used

Reciprocal method in teaching reading narrative text to increase the students reading ability.

The research was carried at SMA Muhammadiyah Tambak Banyumas from May 23th

to May 24th

2012. The number of population is all of students at tenth grade level. The sample was the first

grade students consist of 30 students. The sampling technique of this thesis is saturated

sampling. The reseacher was observed of two times, they are before(pre-test) and after giving

the treatmen(post-test). The research Is quantitative research and used t-test for the technique

of data analysis. To collect the data, the researcher used test as the instrument. The researcher

used the written test. The type of test is multiple choices consist of 30 items. Based on the data

analysis, it is found that t-value is 2.165 while the t-table is 1.699. It means that t-value is higher

than the critical value on the t-table (2.165>1.699). According to the result of computation of

the research, using Reciprocal Method to teaching reading narrative text is effective, especially

to increase the students reading ability.

Keywords: Reciprocal method, Reading ability and Narrative text

A.IntroductionIn education context, English has function as a means of communication in

daily life, to get knowledge, to make interpersonal communication, to share

information and to enjoy language lesson in English culture (Depdikbud, 2003: 6).

Although English is not the new thing for Senior high school students, in fact they still

have difficulties in studying English. It is difficult for the students to remember all the

words in English and to understand when the teacher speaks in English. From the four

English skills, almost all of students have difficulties in reading activity. However,

reading comprehension as one of the language skills becomes the emphasis of the

English teaching in senior high school. Because by reading increases vocabulary,

knowledge, fluency, and to be more familliar in English word. To select the appropriate

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texts in reading, the teacher must consider the characteristics of the students, which

directly related to the learning process, and also the teacher must create the subject in

order the students can study the subject easily. A teacher needs to design and teach by

different strategies in this case of comprehension strategies. One of the techniques is

teaching reading narrative text using Reciprocal Method. Reciprocal teaching is a

powerful teaching strategy which allows students to play different roles to practice

predicting, clarifying, questioning, and summarizing. These are important strategies for

fostering and monitoring comprehension. To make it a success, it is important to find

the right passage for students to practice these strategies and for students to practice

these strategies regularly.

B.Method

This research is per-experimental research, because the researcher uses one

group (pre-test and post-test) in conducting the research. One case is observed at two

points, one point before the treatment and one point after the treatment. Changes in

the outcome of interest are presumed to be the result of the intervention or treatment.

No control or comparison group is employed. In this research is to find out the

significant different between teaching learning reading narrative text before using

reciprocal method and after using reciprocal method. The researcher chooses SMA

Muhammadiyah Tambak Banyumas. It is located in Banyumas regency, Central Java.

The address of this school is at Karangpucung Street Tambak Banyumas 53194 as the

population sampling. The object is the tenth grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah

Tambak Banyumas. The population of this study is all the tenth grade students of SMA

Muhammadiyah Tambak Banyumas who registered in academic year of 2011/2012. The

total of the population is 30 students distributed in one class. The researcher uses

saturated sampling technique because all members of the population used as a sample.

In practice, the researcher will conduct a pre-test on the first day while the treatment

will be carried out on the second day and post-test on the last day. This research is a

quantitative research, so it needs a data analysis. This analysis is related to the

computation of the data and hypothesis testing presented. The researcher applies an

appropriate technique to analyze the data to find out whether teaching reading

narrative text using Reciprocal Method is effective or not. In the inferential analysis,

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hypothesis testing is done. In this testing, the hypothesis will be analyzed through t-test.

The t-test is to see the score difference between the two variables; the students

reading ability of the pre-test group and the post-test group. After getting the result of

t-value, then the t-valueis consulted to the t-table.

C. Research FindingsThe table below is the summarized of the computation data analysis of pre-test

and post-test score.

N Group HS LS R Me Mo Mean SD

30 Pre-test 80 40 40 60 60 62.33 11.94

30 Post-test 90 50 40 65 60 66.66 10.61

The highest score of pre-test (H) was 80. The lowest score (L) was 40. The

average score (Mean) was 62.33. The median (Me) was 60. The mode (Mo) was 60 and

the range (R) was 40. The standard deviation (SD) was 11.94. According to the students

category, the mean belongs to the sufficient because the mean is in the score class of

56 - 65. So it can be concluded that the result of the pre-test is sufficient. From 30

students, there are 7 students (23.33%) belong to fairly sufficient category, 11 students

(36.67%) belong to sufficient category, 7 students (23.33%) belong to good category,

and 5 students (16.67%) belong to excellent category.

The highest score of post-test (H) was 90. The lowest score (L) was 50. The

mean score (M) was 66.66. The median (Me) is 65. The mode (Mo) is 60, and the range

(R) was 40. The standard deviation (SD) was 10.61. According to the students category,

the mean belongs to good because the mean in the score class of 66 79. So it can be

concluded that the result of the post-test is good. From 30 students, there are 3

students (10%) belong to fairly sufficient category, 12 students (40%) belong to

sufficient category, 9 students (30%) belong to good category, and 6 students (20%)

belong to excellent category.

From the analysis in chapter IV, it shown with the number of sample (N 1= 30

and N2 = 30) and the level of significance is 5%, the result of the computation of t-value

2.165. Based on the value in the t-table for N1 = 30 and N2 = 30 and the significance level

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is 5%, the critical value on t-table is 1.699. So, the t-value is higher than the critical

value. The obtained t-value is higher than the critical value on the table (2.165 >1.699).

Based on the hypothesis testing above, it is concluded that Ho is rejected and

Ha is accepted. From the computation in previous chapter, the researcher concludes

that teaching reading narrative text using reciprocal method to tenth grade students of

SMA Muhammadiyah Tambak Banyumas is effective.

D.ConclusionBased on the data analysis, the testing of the hypothesis and the discussion in

chapter IV, the conclusion can be drawn that teaching reading narrative text using

reciprocal method is effective for the tenth grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah

Tambak, Banyumas in the academic year of 2011/2012. Since the result of t-test was2.165. Then, the researcher consulted the critical value on the t-table using the 5%

(0.05) alpha level significance and the 29 degree of freedom (N-1) was 1.699, the mean

of pre-test and post-test is different (teaching reading narrative text before using

reading is 62.33 and teaching reading narrative text after using reciprocal method is

66.66 the different mean is 4.33). Since the obtained t-value was higher than the critical

value on the table (2.165>1.699), the hypothesis is accepted. It means that teaching

reading narrative text using reciprocal method is effective for the tenth grade students

of SMA Muhammadiyah Tambak Banyumas.

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