60334188 analysis and design of a multi storey reinforced concrete
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Analysis and Design of a Multi-storeyReinforced Concrete Building
United Arab Emirates University
College of Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering Department
Graduation Project II
Second Semester 2007/2008
PreparedSultan Saif Saeed Alneyadi 200203903Sultan Khais A!-shasi 200101"9"#asher Khais A!-a$i$i 20010%031Rashed #aad A!-&eyadi 20020'01(
A)dulrahan A)dulla *arrah 20021091"Adviser
Dr. Usama Ebead
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Outline
Objectives Summary General Approach Building Types Concrete Structural Elements Slabs
Flat Slab Design o Flat Slab
Columns !ectangular Columns Design o !ectangular Columns
Shear "alls Design o Shear #alls
Foundations
$ile Group Design o $ile Group Economic %mpact Environmental %mpact Conclusion
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Objectives
The Objectives of the Project are:-
Carrying out a complete analysis and design o the main structural elements o
a multi&storey building including slabs' columns' shear "alls and oundations
Getting amiliar "ith structural sot"ares ( SAFE 'AutoCAD)
Getting real lie e*perience "ith engineering practices
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Summary
Our graduation project is a residential building in Abu& Dhabi+
This building consists o ,- repeated loors+
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General Approach
Obtaining an architectural design o a regular residential multi&
storey building+ Al&Su"aidy residential building in Abu Dhabi+
Establishing the structural system or the ground' and repeated
loors o the building+
The design o column' "ind resisting system' and type o
oundations "ill be determined ta.ing into consideration the
architectural dra"ings+
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Types o building
Buildings are be divided into/ Apartment building
Apartment buildings are multi&story buildings "here three or more
residences are contained "ithin one structure+
Oice buildingThe primary purpose o an oice building is to provide a "or.place and
"or.ing environment or administrative "or.ers+
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!esidential buildings
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Oice buildings
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Concrete 0i*tures
Concrete is a durable material "hich is ideal or many jobs+
The concrete mi* should be "or.able+
%t is important that the desired 1ualities o the hardened concrete
are met+
Economy is also an important actor+
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Structural Elements
Any reinorced concrete structure consists o /
Slabs
Columns Shear "alls
Foundations
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Flat Slab Structural System
Flat slab is a concrete slab "hich is reinorced in t"o directions
Advantages
Disadvantages
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Types o Flat slab
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Deining properties
Slab thic.ness 2 -3 cm
Concrete compressive strength 2 34 0$a
0odules o elasticity o concrete 2 -44 G$a
5ielding strength o steel 2 6-4 0$a
Combination o loads (,+6Dead 7oad 8 ,+9 7ive 7oad)
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AC% 3,:&4-
AC% 3,:&4- contains the current code re1uirements or
concrete building design and construction+
The design load combinations are the variouscombinations o the prescribed load cases or "hich the
structure needs to be chec.ed+
1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
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1"1"
Flat Slab Analysis and Design
Analy;ing o lat slab mainly is done to ind
,+ Shear orces+
-+ Bending moment+
3+ Delected shape+
6+ !eactions at supports+
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!esults and Discussion
Delection
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!esults and Discussion
!eactions at supports must be chec.ed by a simple method+
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Flat Slab !einorcement
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Columns
,t is a ertical structural e)er su..orting a/ialco.ressie loads ith or ith-out oents
Su..ort ertical loads fro the floors and roof andtransit these loads to the foundation
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Types o column
Spiral columnSpiral column RectangularRectangularcolumncolumn
Tied ColumnsOver o all columns in building in non&seismic regions are tied columns
Spiral ColumnsSpiral columns are generally circular+ %t ma.es the column more ductile+
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Steel !einorcement in Columns
The limiting steel ratio ranges bet"een , > to : >+
The concrete strength is bet"een -= 0$a to 6= 0pa+
!einorcing steel strength is bet"een 644 0$a to =44 0pa+
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Design procedure
,+ Calculate actored a*ial load $u
-+ Select reinorcement ratio
3+ Concrete strength 2 34 0$a' steel yield strength 2 6-4 0$a
6+ Calculate gross area=+ Calculate area o column reinorcement' As' and select rebar
number and si;e+
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Columns to be designed
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uidelines for Colun Reinforceent
7ong !einorcement 0in+ bar diameter ?,-
0in+ concrete covers 64 mm
0in+ 6 bars in case o tied rectangular or circular
0a*imum distance bet"een bars 2 -=4 mm
Short !einorcement ( Stirrups)
7east o/ (,9)@diameter o long bars
least dimension o column (6:)@diameter o ties
dc
S
Asp
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2"
Column Design
cs AA 4,+4=8- # ofbars =
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2%
!einorcement o Columns
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2+
Shear "alls
A shear all is a all that resistslateral ind loads hich acts.arallel to the .lane of the all
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Shear "alls
#ind results in a pressure on the surace o the building
$ressure increases "ith height Positive Pressure, acts to"ards the surace o the building
Neative Pressure, acts a"ay rom the surace o the building(suction)
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#ind pressure
q = Velocity pressure
(Wind speed, height and eposure condition!" = "ust #actor that depends on the $uilding sti##ness
%p = &ternal pressure coe##icient
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Gust " 'actor E*ternal pressure %pcoe##icient
#or ti## tructures ta)e " =*.
Wind-ard Wall, %p = +*.
Lee-ard Wall, %p = aries $et-een /*.2 0 /*.
Depending on the L 3atioL = 1.4 5 26.1 5 = *.17 8 1 then , %p = /*.
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elocity $ressure
V = 16* )5h
9: = ;o $e deter5ined #ro5 the equations
9:t = 1 (leel terrain ad = 1 (use group >>!
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,.ortant factor32
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4elocity 5/.osure Coefficient 6Kz7
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3'3'
Design of the ind force
&orth south direction
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3"3"
Shear all a/ial reactions
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Calculating 4elocity 8ressure
,6= .mh
4+:=11V
(km/hr)
145
9.5
Zg !4."
$% 1
d &.85
' 1
&.85
p
(*+,d*ard)
&.8
p (*ard) -&.5
(m) 0.18
2 3+gh%
($)
r+b%ar6
3+gh%
(h% )
$ 7$ (k,/m)
1 4" 1.!5 1."0 1.15&5
11 "9.5 ".5 1."4 1.19849
1& "0 ".5 1."1 1.1&!994
9 ".5 ".5 1.8 1.&84"91
8 9 ".5 1.5 1.&58088
! 5.5 ".5 1. 1.&"&4&0
0 ".5 1.18 &.9988!"
5 18.5 ".5 1.14 &.90"&9
4 15 ".5 1.&9 &.91495
" 11.5 ".5 1.&" &.8!1"04
8 ".5 &.95 &.8&!!&
1 4.5 4 &.85 &.!151!0
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3+3+
Design of the ind .ressure
G 4+:=
Cp ("ind"ard) 4+:
Cp (lee"ard) &4+=
B (m) -9+,:
qb = qz (at the top of the building
7evel eight
(;) m
Tributary
eight(ht ) m
; 1; (.nm-) Design #ind $ressure(m-) Design #ind Force ()
"ind "ard(1; G C$)
lee "ard(1b G C$)
"ind "ard(1; G C$)(B)(ht )
lee "ard(1b G C$)(B)(ht
)
Total(loor level)
0oment(+m)
,- 63 ,+H= ,+39 ,+,=4--= 4+H:-,=3 &4+6:::69 3=+:3636= &--+3
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Co.uting total oent acting toard &-S Direction
! = total floor le"el #height (z
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#&E Direction Computation
$= 2%&18
'=
18&8
(
7evel eight
(;) m
Tributary
eight
(ht ) m
; 1; (.nm-) Design #ind $ressure(m-) Design #ind Force ()
"ind "ard
(1; G C$)
lee "ard
(1b G C$)
"ind "ard
(1; G C$)(B)(ht )
lee "ard
(1b G C$)(B)(ht )
Total
(loor level)
0oment
(+m)
,- 63 ,+H= ,+39 ,+,=4--= 4+H:-,=3, &4+6:::= -=+H:H=:H< &,9+,,H-6-6 6,+
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'0'0
Design o Shear #all
5ast est direction
&orth south direction
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%nteraction Diagram
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Shear #all !einorcement
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Foundations
Foundations are structural components used to support
columns and transer loads to the underlying Soil+
!oundations
%solated Combined Strap "all !at
Shallo"
ooting ooting ooting ooting ooting
Caissons $iles
Deep
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$ile oundation
Our building is rested on a "ea. soil ormation "hich
canIt resist the loads coming rom our proposed building'
so "e have to choose pile oundation+
8ile ca.
8ilesea: soil
Bearing stratu
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$ile oundation
$iles are structural members that are made o steel'
concrete or timber+
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Function o piles
As "ith other types o oundation' the purpose o a pileoundation is/
To transmit a oundation load to a solid ground
To resist vertical' lateral and uplit load
8iles can )e Timber
Concrete
Steel
Composite
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Concrete piles
General acts Jsual length/ ,4m&-4m
Jsual load/ 344.&3444.
Advantages Corrosion resistance
Can be easily combined "ith a concrete superstructure
Disadvantages
Diicult to achieve proper cuto
Diicult to transport
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$ile oundation
$iles can be divided in to t"o major categories/
,+ End Bearing $iles
% the soil&boring records presence
o bedroc. at the site "ithin a reasonable depth'
piles can be e*tended to the
roc. surace
-+ Friction $iles
#hen no layer o roc. is present depth at a site' point bearing piles become very long
and uneconomical+ %n this type o subsoil' piles are driven through the soter
material to speciied depths+
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$ile Cap !einorcement
$ile caps carrying very heavy point loads tend to produce hightensile stresses at the pile cap+
!einorcement is thus designed to provide/ !esistance to tensile bending orces in the bottom o the cap
!esistance to vertical shear
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Design of the .ile ca.
)earing ca.acity of one .ile;!s 2 K Cu As +7
!ength of .ile .enetration ! < 1( etersAdhesion factor of soil 6clay7 = < 0(
>ntrained shear strength Cu < "0 Diaeter < 09 ?or .iles ith diaeter 09
!s 2 -43=+H=
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First type
@his section shos ho .ile ca.s are designed to carryonly ertical load and the euation used to deterinethe resistance of ca. is
here
8 is the strength of the .ile ca. .er one .ile
is the total force acting on the .ile ca.n is the nu)er of .iles used to su..ort the .ile ca.
n
?
@ i
i =
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Columns layout !eactions ( ertical 7oad )
om, ac%+o, o%a ac%+o,
k: k:
1 19.0" 1555.50
40.85 90.
8 "8.00 4591.9
1& "9"."8 4!&.50
1 458."5 55&&.
" 4&&.85 481&.
4 0!.!4 !5".88
5 "84.14 40&9.08
"& 158." 1899.0
" "55.0 40".1
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Design o pile cap (ertical 7oad only)
8ile Ca. 2 !eaction 2 69,4+6 .
$ile diameter 2 4+< m
Capacity or one pile 2 4+: L =4 L ,: L M L 4+< 2 -43=+H=
eed 3 piles
7ength bet"een piles 2 (-L4+3) 8 (3L4+
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Second type
Second t"peThis section sho"s ho" pile caps are designed to carry
vertical load and lateral loads ( Bending 0oment)' and the
e1uation used to determine the resistance o cap is
=
-
r
r
n
?@
iii
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Shear "alls layout reactions
*a ; (:.m) : (:)
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Design o pile cap (ertical 7oad moment)
Shear wall # (1):0 2 ,64H-+,,=9,
N 2 ,--:=+9
Assume : piles
9B@(o@
9B@(o@
r
r
n
?@
@ileo#%apacity
@ileo#%apacity
H=+-43='9H9+-6
)-9+6(L,,=9,+,64H-
:
9+,--:=
H=+-43='9H9+-6
)
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Economical impact
!einorced concrete is proven to be a very economicalsolution in the JAE+
the most aordable solution or multistory building such
as the one "e are ma.ing the analysis and design or+
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Environmental impact
Although the cement production is environmentallychallenging' the inal product o a reinorced concrete
building is environmentally riendly+
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antt Chart
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Conclusion
#e have applied our gained .no"ledge during our graduationproject
#e are able to use structural sot"are ( SAFE )
#e have practiced real lie engineering practices
This G$ enables us to go into the mar.et "ith an e*cellent
bac.ground regarding design o !C
At this point' "e "ould li.e to than. all instructors' engineers'
and Al Ain Consultant Oice or their grateul eort+
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