Slide 1

7B REPRODUCTIONFlowersWhy do plants produce flowers?

Which are the male parts of a flower?

Which are the female parts?A flower

SSOPOAComplete the diagram and glue it in your bookFertilisationWhat is the male plant sex cell?

What is the female plant sex cell?

What is fertilisation?

Where does fertilisation happen in a flower?

http://youtu.be/PKyC2GZd2dE

http://youtu.be/pVhH2GPlckE

Human sex cellsWhat is the male sex cell?

What is the female sex cell?

Where does fertilisation happen in humans?Look at the picture of the sperm and egg cells and try to describe how it is specialised

Fertilisationhttp://youtu.be/gU9kGLQ1-t8

The human reproductive systemWhere are egg cells made?

Where are sperm cells made?

Human life cycleWhat are the two words used to describe the baby growing in the mothers uterus?

What are the 4 stages of the human life?Puberty/AdolescenceWhat physical changes happen to boys during puberty?

What physical changes happen to girls?

What chemicals cause these changes?L4 To know the changes that take place in boys and girls

L5 To be able to explain why these changes happen.

L6 To be able to give advice based on scientific understanding.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/organisms_behaviour_health/reproduction/activity/SCIENTIFIC EYE VIDEO

BOYSGIRLSBOTH

Breast

HipGeneral words: Armpit, hair, pubic hair, sweat, muscle, period, growBeardMoustache

Voice

Chest

Penis

Testes (testicles)

Changes in pubertySudden increase in size.Voice breaks.Ovaries start to release eggs.Pubic hair grows.Breasts develop.Body becomes more muscular.Hair grows under the arms.Hips widen.Start periods.Testes start to make spermPenis grows.Shoulders broaden.Sudden increase in size.Voice breaks.Ovaries start to release eggs.Pubic hair grows.Breasts develop.Body becomes more muscular.Hair grows under the arms.Hips widen.Start periods.Testes start to make spermPenis grows.Shoulders broaden.What about emotional changes?Hormone Where Produced?What it does?GenderHormoneWhere Produced?What it does? GenderFSHPituitary Gland in BrainStimulates eggs and menstrual cycle FProgesteroneOvaryPrepares the lining of the womb FOestrogenOvaryPrepares lining of the womb.Secondary sexual characteristics F

TestosteroneTestesOvaryMale sexual characteristics M FPituitary HormonePituitary Gland in BrainMaster Gland for puberty initiationM FDefinition of a hormoneA chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs.Level 5 Achieved?

L5 To be able to explain why these changes happen.

HormoneWhere Produced?What it does? Gender PictureFSHPituitary Gland in BrainStimulates eggs and menstrual cycle F 1ProgesteroneOvaryPrepares the lining of the womb F 2

OestrogenOvaryPrepares lining of the womb.Secondary sexual characteristics F

2TestosteroneTestesOvaryMale sexual characteristics M F 3Pituitary HormonePituitary Gland in BrainMaster Gland for puberty initiationM F 1Male Brain/Hypothalamus Female Hormone

Brain/Pituitary Gland

Pituitary hormones FSH, Pituitary Hormones

Testes Ovaries

Testosterone Oestrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone

Secondary sexual characteristics Menstruation

Puberty Hormones

Dear .. I have read about

OestrogenProgesteroneTestosteroneFSH

on the internet.

What is it?

How does it affect my body?

Emily / Toby aged 13 years.ActivityProblem Page - letter

Discuss in your group how this may be helped and what it is caused by.

Write a paragraph offering good advice and tips to the person. Tell us what you wrote. Was this answer Level 6? L6 To be able to give advice based on scientific understanding.

How could we improve it?The menstrual cycleHow long does the average menstrual cycle last?

What happens in days 1-7?

What happens on day 14?Animations and videoshttp://course.zju.edu.cn/532/study/theory/2/Genital%20system/Menstrual%20cycle.swfhttp://youtu.be/ZvPVyas68jE

PregnancyWhat is the gestation period?

How long is the gestation period in humans?

How does the developing foetus get the nutrients it needs?

What protects the foetus?

Foetal developmenthttp://youtu.be/AJIKe9eJLh4http://www.thevisualmd.com/videos/result/from_a_cell_to_a_baby

Development of the foetusY7

Fertilization, the joining of the sperm and the egg in the fallopian tube (below) to form a unique human being, occurs.

This is a fertilized egg only thirty hours after conception. Magnified here, it is no larger than the head of a pin. Still rapidly dividing, the developing embryo, called a zygote at this stage, floats down from the fallopian tube and towards the uterus. WEEK 3-5 The embryos tiny heart begins to beat by day twenty-one. Arm and leg buds are visible and the formation of the eyes, lips, and nose has begun. The spinal cord grows faster than the rest of the body giving a tail like appearance which disappears as the embryo continues to grow. The placenta begins to provide nourishment for the embryo.

WEEK 7 Major organs have all begun to form. The embryo has developed its own blood type, unique from the mothers. Hair follicles and knees and elbows are visible. Facial features are also observable. The eyes have a retina and lens. The major muscle system is developed and the embryo is able to move.

WEEK 8-12 The embryo is reactive to its environment inside the amniotic sac where it swims and moves. Hands and feet can be seen. At the end of week 8, the embryonic period is over and the foetal stage begins.

Weeks 13-16 The brain is fully developed and the foetus can suck, swallow, and make irregular breathing sounds. Foetus can feel pain. Foetal skin is almost transparent. Muscles tissue is lengthening and bones are becoming harder. Liver and organs produce appropriate fluids. Eyebrows and eyelashes appear and the fetus makes active movements including kicks and even somersaults.

Week 20-24 A protective waxy substance called Vernix covers the skin. By birth, most of the vernix will be gone but any that is left is quickly absorbed. Foetus has a hand and footprints and fingerprints are forming. Foetus practices breathing by inhaling amniotic fluid into its developing lungs.

Weeks 25 28Rapid brain development occurs during this period and the nervous system is able to control some bodily functions. The foetus eyelids now open and close. At 25 weeks there is a 60% chance of survival if born. Weeks 29 32 There is a rapid increase in the amount of body fat the foetus has. Rhythmic breathing occurs, but the lungs are not yet mature. The foetus sleeps 90-95% of the day. At this point there the survival rate is above 95% if the baby is born.

Or, sextupletsFoetus growth graphDraw a scatter graphAdd labels to the different stages

3 parents?

So, Doctor, what is LHON? mitochondria. Those are the things in cells that supply energy. They're in the cytoplasm, yes?It's a disease of the mitochondria.That's right! Now what happens when an egg cell is fertilised?

The sperm nucleus gets into the egg. Then the egg nucleus and sperm nucleus join together and make your first complete cell. Exactly!But whose mitochondria do you get?

Your mitochondria come from your mum. You only get a nucleus from your dad. That's right!The mitochondria get copied when your cells divide just like the nucleus. So every cell has some. But Maya's are faulty. That's why she went blind.So her children will go blind too?

Yes.And I'm afraid there is no treatment. But scientists are working on it. Let me explain it's all written down here.

Right, Darcy. I'll let you get back to your patients. You'll have to tell Maya and Jake that there is no solution to their problem. There might be a treatment in future, but will it be too late?Plan what to say to Maya and Jake. Prepare diagrams to help you explain:nHow 2-parent fertilisation usually happens nThe scientists' idea for 3-parent fertilisationnWhy and how 3-parent fertilisation might help them in futureif they can wait.