PLANNING.

Present by-Pranab sarkar4th sem

MEANING OF PLANINGPlanning is a projected course of

action and through planning we can achieve goal

Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who to do it.

NATURE OF PLANNINGPlanning is a goal oriented.Pervasiveness of planning.Planning should be efficient.Planning should help in economy.Planning helps in coordination.Planning helps in flexibility.Planning is a primary functionPlanning is all-pervasivePlanning is a continuous processPlanning is forward-lookingPlanning involves choicePlanning is directed toward efficiency

IMPORTANCE OF PLANNINGPlanning helps to set the

objectives.Planning helps to avoid the

uncertainty and change.Planning helps in coordination.Planning helps to make the

control effective.Planning helps to run the

organization effectively.

Importance of planningFocuses attention on objectives

and resultReduces uncertainty and riskProvides sense of directionEncourages innovation and

creativityHelps in co-ordination Guides decision-makingProvide efficiency in operation

ADVANTAGE OF PLANNINGPlanning helps in future change.Planning helps to set up the

standard for organization. Planning says the proper

utilization of resources.Planning helps to win over

competitors and rivals.

DISADVANTAGE OF PLANNING

Planning is costly.Planning delays action.Planning encourage the risk of

uncertainty.Planning cannot change the

organizational rules.

PLANNING PROCESSAnalyze the external environment.Analyze the internal environment.Determining your mission and

objective.Forecasting.Determining your alternative

course of action.Selecting the best performing and

review.

Types of planning

Corporate planning

Divisional or functional planning

Group planning

Group or sectional planning

Group or sectional planning refers to planning for specific groups or section within a department or division .

group or sectional planning are formulated mainly at the opreting level of management . They have to approved by higher authorities.

Departmental or Divisional Planning Such planning includes the

plans formulated for various departments or division of an enterprise. it determines the scope and activities of a particular department.

Departmental or divisional plans are formulated at the middle level of management and approved by the top management.

corporate planning

Planning for the company as a whole is known as corporate planning. It lays down objectives, strategies, and policies for the entire organization.

corporate planning is done at the top level of management.