82-102 amundsen street, leumeah - city of campbelltown · 2017. 7. 17. · stage 2 – analysis of...

82-102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah

Final flora and fauna assessment – proposed rezoning

Prepared for

Lucas Property Group Pty Limited

9 January 2017

P r o p o s e d r e z o n i n g o f Am u n d s en S t r e e t , L e um e a h – F l or a a n d Fa u n a As se s sm e n t

© E CO LO G ICA L A U S T RA L IA P T Y LT D ii

DOCUMENT TRACKING

Item Detail

Project Name Proposed rezoning of Amundsen Street, Leumeah – Flora and Fauna Assessment

Project Number 16WOL-3744

Project Manager

Robyn Johnson

02 4201 2205

Suite 204, Level 2, 62 Moore Street, Austinmer NSW 2515

Prepared by Mitchell Scott, Brian Towle, Byron Heffernan, Rodney Armistead and Rebecca Dwyer

Reviewed by Meredith Henderson and Robyn Johnson

Approved by Meredith Henderson

Status FINAL

Version Number 1

Last saved on 9 January 2017

Cover photo Top left: Eucalyptus tereticornis; bottom left: small dam within the study area; and right:

Eucalyptus crebra. Photographs taken by Mitchell Scott, ELA Ecologist.

This report should be cited as ‘Eco Logical Australia 2017. Flora and fauna assessment for proposed

rezoning of 82-102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah NSW. Prepared for Lucas Property Group Pty Limited.’

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This document has been prepared by Eco Logical Australia Pty Ltd with support from Michael Brown of

Michael Brown Planning Strategies Pty Ltd.

Disclaimer

This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned and in accordance with the contract between

Eco Logical Australia Pty Ltd and Lucas Property Group Pty Limited. The scope of services was defined in consultation with

Lucas Property Group Pty Limited, by time and budgetary constraints imposed by the client, and the availability of reports and

other data on the subject area. Changes to available information, legislation and schedules are made on an ongoing basis and

readers should obtain up to date information.

Eco Logical Australia Pty Ltd accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for or in respect of any use of or reliance upon

this report and its supporting material by any third party. Information provided is not intended to be a substitute for site specific

assessment or legal advice in relation to any matter. Unauthorised use of this report in any form is prohibited.

Template 29/9/2015


© E CO LO G ICA L A U S T RA L IA P T Y LT D iii

Contents

Executive summary .............................................................................................................................. viii

1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Study area .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 The proposal ................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Legislation ................................................................................................................................... 4

3 Methods ....................................................................................................................................... 7

3.1 Data review ................................................................................................................................... 7

3.1.1 Vegetation communities ............................................................................................................... 7

3.1.2 Flora and fauna ............................................................................................................................ 7

3.2 Field survey .................................................................................................................................. 7

3.2.1 Vegetation communities ............................................................................................................... 8

3.2.2 Flora .............................................................................................................................................. 8

3.2.3 Fauna ............................................................................................................................................ 8

3.2.4 Limitations ..................................................................................................................................... 9

3.3 Analysis of ecological biodiversity values (Stage 2) ..................................................................... 9

3.3.1 Vegetation condition ..................................................................................................................... 9

3.3.2 Vegetation recovery potential ....................................................................................................... 9

3.3.3 Ecological constraints ................................................................................................................. 10

3.3.4 Consideration of linkages ........................................................................................................... 10

4 Results ....................................................................................................................................... 12

4.1 Data review ................................................................................................................................. 12

4.1.1 Vegetation communities ............................................................................................................. 12

4.1.2 Flora ............................................................................................................................................ 14

4.1.3 Fauna and habitat elements ....................................................................................................... 14

4.2 Field survey ................................................................................................................................ 15

4.2.1 Vegetation communities ............................................................................................................. 15

4.2.2 Flora ............................................................................................................................................ 19

4.2.3 Fauna .......................................................................................................................................... 19

5 Analysis of ecological biodiversity values (Stage 2) ............................................................ 23

5.1 Vegetation condition ................................................................................................................... 23

5.2 Recovery potential ...................................................................................................................... 23

5.3 Ecological constraints ................................................................................................................. 26

5.3.1 Planning and approval constraints ............................................................................................. 26

5.4 Consideration of linkages ........................................................................................................... 28


© E CO LO G ICA L A U S T RA L IA P T Y LT D iv

6 Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 30

6.1 Vegetation communities and threatened species....................................................................... 30

6.2 Ecological constraints ................................................................................................................. 31

6.3 Linkages ..................................................................................................................................... 31

References ............................................................................................................................................. 32

Appendix A - Specialist study specifications ..................................................................................... 34

Appendix B - Likelihood of occurrence .............................................................................................. 36

Appendix C - Vegetation conservation significance ......................................................................... 50

Vegetation condition ................................................................................................................................ 50

Vegetation recovery potential .................................................................................................................. 53

Appendix D - Flora recorded during field survey ............................................................................... 55

Appendix E - Fauna recorded during field survey ............................................................................. 57

Appendix F - Anabat Results ............................................................................................................... 58


© E CO LO G ICA L A U S T RA L IA P T Y LT D v

List of figures

Figure 1: Location of the study area ........................................................................................................... 2

Figure 2: Proposed lot layout ..................................................................................................................... 3

Figure 3: Field survey effort ...................................................................................................................... 11

Figure 4: NPWS and Sydney Metro CMA vegetation mapping within the study site, and threatened fauna

records ...................................................................................................................................................... 13

Figure 5: Validated vegetation communities within the study area .......................................................... 18

Figure 6: Koala records within 5km of the study area .............................................................................. 22

Figure 7: Vegetation condition for validated vegetation communities ...................................................... 24

Figure 8: Recovery potential of field validated vegetation communities .................................................. 25

Figure 9: Ecological constraint of vegetation communities and habitat features ..................................... 27

Figure 10: Regional extent of nearby bushland corridors ........................................................................ 29

Figure 11: Call profile for Goulds Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii) recorded on SN81997 at 23.27 (pm),

08 June 2016 ............................................................................................................................................ 62

Figure 12: Call profile for Chocolate Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus morio) recorded on SN81781 at 18.48

(pm),08 June 2016 ................................................................................................................................... 62

Figure 13: Call profile for Eastern Bentwing Bat (Miniopterus schreibersii (orianae) oceanensis*) recorded

on SN81997 at 00:53 (am), 08 June 2016 ............................................................................................... 62

Figure 14: Call profile for Large-eared Bat (Nyctophilus spp.) recorded on SN81997 at 01:02 (am), 09

June 2016 ................................................................................................................................................. 63

Figure 15: Possible call profile for Chocolate Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus morio) / Little Forest Bat

(Vespadelus vulturnus) recorded on SN81997 at 08.37 (am), 9 June 2016 ............................................ 63

List of tables

Table 1: Legislation relevant to the project ................................................................................................ 4

Table 2: Weather conditions during the survey .......................................................................................... 8

Table 3: Noxious weeds recorded in the study area ................................................................................ 19

Table 4: Classification of ecological constraint ........................................................................................ 26

Table 5: NPWS Vegetation of the Cumberland Plain condition classes (NPWS 2002) ........................... 50


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Table 6: Condition thresholds for patches that meet the listing advice for Cumberland Plain Shale

Woodlands and Shale-Gravel Transition Forest critically endangered ecological community ................ 51

Table 7: Condition thresholds for patches that meet the listing advice for SSTF critically endangered

ecological community ............................................................................................................................... 52

Table 8: Recovery potential matrix ........................................................................................................... 53

Table 9. Microbat species recorded during the Leumeah survey, 7 and 8 June 2016 ............................ 60

Table 10: Anabat results for SN81781 between 7 and 8 June 2016 (two survey nights) ........................ 60

Table 11: Anabat results for SN81997, 7 and 8 June 2016 (two survey nights) ...................................... 60


© E CO LO G ICA L A U S T RA L IA P T Y LT D vii

Abbreviations

Abbreviation Description

CEEC Critically Endangered Ecological Community

CMA Catchment Management Authority

Council Campbelltown City Council

CPLS Cumberland Plain Land Snail

CPW Cumberland Plain Woodland

DBH Diameter at breast height

DotEE Department of the Environment and Energy

DP Deposited Plan

DPE Department of Planning and the Environment

EEC Endangered Ecological Community

ELA Eco Logical Australia Pty Ltd

EP&A Act Environmental Planning & Assessment Act 1979

EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

FM Act Fisheries Management Act 1994

LEP Local Environmental Plan

NPWS National Parks and Wildlife Service

NSW New South Wales

NV Act Native Vegetation Act 2003

NW Act Noxious Weeds Act 1993

OEH Office of Environment and Heritage

PMST Protected Matters Search Tool

SEPP State Environmental Planning Policy

SPW Shale Plains Woodland

TSC Act Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995

UBBS Urban Bushland Biodiversity Survey

WM Act Water Management Act 2000


© E CO LO G ICA L A U S T RA L IA P T Y LT D viii

Executive summary

This report presents a ‘flora and fauna assessment’ and ‘analysis of biodiversity values’ required by

Campbelltown City Council’s specialist study requirements for the proposed rezoning of 82-102

Amundsen Street, Leumeah NSW (the study area).

Two native vegetation communities were identified within the study area, ‘Shale / Sandstone Transition

Forest (low sandstone influence)’ (SSTF) and ‘Cumberland Plain Woodland’ (CPW) both of which form

part of separate Critically Endangered Ecological Communities (CEEC) listed under the NSW Threatened

Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act). Portions of SSTF – Woodland (0.61 ha) in the east of the

study area also formed part of a CEEC listed under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and

Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).

No threatened flora species listed under the TSC Act or EPBC Act were recorded during the field survey.

Based upon consideration of the habitats available, and level of survey undertaken, it is considered

unlikely that any threatened flora species listed under the TSC Act or EPBC Act are present within the

study area. One as regionally significant (UBBS 1997) flora species Sporobolus creber was identified

during the survey, and another potentially identified Einadia nutans subsp. Linifolia; though not to the

subspecies level. Both these species are identified by UBBS (1997) as “Vulnerable taxa which are

relatively common to widespread.”

One threatened fauna species, Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis (Eastern Bentwing-bat), was

recorded within the study area during the survey. Assessment of habitats available within the study area

identified five bird, one mammal, and four microbat threatened species that may utilise the study area for

foraging purposes. No breeding habitat was identified within the study area.

As Eucalyptus tereticornis constitutes over 15% (approximately 80%) of the trees present within the study

area, the study area represents ‘potential koala habitat’ as defined under SEPP 44. However, no Koalas

or evidence of Koalas (scats or scratch marks) were found within the study area during the targeted field

survey. Based on the information to date, the study area is considered to not be ‘Core Koala habitat’ as

defined under SEPP 44.

Meridolum corneovirens (Cumberland Plain Land Snail) were not found within the study area, due to the

lack of available leaf litter and apparent extensive mowing of the study area. The species is not

considered to have suitable habitat within the study area.

One potential hollow-bearing tree was identified in the north-eastern corner of the study area. If this tree

is proposed to be removed, further investigation of use of this tree by fauna species should be undertaken.

Woodland areas of SSTF (0.61 ha) and CPW (0.08 ha) within the study area were identified as having

moderate ecological constraint. Isolated trees of the SSTF community (0.11 ha) were of low constraint.

The study area may be used as a ‘stepping stone’ for highly mobile and disturbance tolerant species to

move between nearby vegetated areas; however future development within the study area would be

unlikely to reduce the ability of these species to move between these areas.

Future clearing of all or part of the 0.61 ha of SSTF – Woodland listed as a CEEC under the EPBC Act

would require referral to the Commonwealth Department of the Environment. At the development

application stage, potential impacts to threatened ecological communities or species would be assessed

using the Assessment of Significance (AoS) under the EP&A Act and Significant Impact Criteria (SIC) for

Matters of National Environmental Significance (MNES) under the EPBC Act.


© E CO LO G ICA L A U S T RA L IA P T Y LT D 1

1 Introduction

In December 2015, the Department of Planning and Environment (DPE) accepted Campbelltown City

Council’s (Council’s) request for a Gateway Determination for a planning proposal to amend the Draft

Campbelltown Local Environmental Plan 2015 (LEP) to rezone 82-102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah NSW

(Reference No. PP_2015_CAMPB_003_00). A condition of the DPE’s Gateway Determination included

the requirement for specialist studies including flora and fauna.

This assessment has been prepared to meet the specialist study requirements prepared by Council in

January 2016 (Council 2016a) (Appendix A). This assessment also addresses Council’s written request

of 20 September 2016 for ‘investigation of potential Koala habitat for core Koala habitat’ (Council 2016b).

This assessment combines the requirements of the two stage assessment into a single report:

Stage 1 – flora and fauna assessment

Stage 2 – analysis of biodiversity values.

1.1 Study area

The study area subject to this assessment is 82-102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah which comprises Lot 1

DP 795498, Lot 1 DP 709918 and Lot 2 DP 126471, shown in Figure 1. The study area is approximately

4.36 ha bound by Amundsen Street to the west, Leumeah Road to the south and Hansens Road to the

east. Vegetated lots zoned E4 Environmental Living are located directly north of the study area and to

the east on the opposite side of Hansens Road.

1.2 The proposal

The planning proposal aims to rezone land from 7(d4) Environmental Protection to part:

Low Density Residential R2 (western component) and

Large Lot Residential R5 (eastern component) to permit residential subdivision.

A proposed lot layout, shown in Figure 2, has been assessed with respect to discussing ecological

constraints and opportunities, however the proposed layout may be amended by this and other specialist

studies.

This assessment has been prepared for the proposed rezoning of the land. As no development is

currently proposed, assessment of the significance of impacts to flora and fauna species in accordance

with section 5A of the NSW Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 or Matters of National

Environmental Significance (MNES) under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity

Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) is not required. This would be required later at the development

application stage.

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2 Legislation

A brief outline of the relevant Commonwealth, State and local acts and policies that apply to this

assessment are provided in Table 1.

Table 1: Legislation relevant to the project

Legislation Relevance to the project Section in

this report

Commonwealth

Environment Protection

and Biodiversity

Conservation Act 1999

(EPBC Act)

The Commonwealth EPBC Act stipulates that approval from the

Commonwealth Environment Minister is required if a development is likely

to have a significant impact on matters considered to be of National

Environmental Significance (NES). Matters of NES relevant to this

assessment include threatened ecological communities, flora and fauna

species and migratory species listed under the EPBC Act.

Consideration is given to whether matters of NES are present within the

study area for this assessment. Consideration is also given to whether

referral of future proposed development to the Commonwealth Department

of the Environment and Energy (DotEE) may be required.

Section 4.2

State

Environmental

Planning &

Assessment Act 1979

(EP&A Act)

The NSW EP&A Act is the principal planning legislation for the state,

providing a framework for the overall environmental planning, and

assessment of development proposals. Various legislation and

instruments, such as the TSC Act, are integrated with EP&A Act. In

determining a development application, the consent authority is required to

take into consideration the matters listed under Section 79C of the EP&A

Act relevant to the application. Key considerations include:

Any environmental planning instrument, including drafts;

The likely impacts of the development;

The suitability of the site for the development;

Any submissions made in accordance with the EP&A Act or

regulations; and

The public interest.

Whilst no development is proposed for the rezoning process, this

assessment aims to identify any constraints for the suitability of the site for

future residential development.

Section 4.2

Threatened Species

Conservation Act 1995

(TSC Act)

The NSW TSC Act aims to protect and encourage the recovery of

threatened species, populations and communities listed under the Act.

Generally, the interactions between the TSC Act and the EP&A Act require

consideration of whether a development (Part 4 of the EP&A Act), is likely

to significantly affect threatened species, populations, ecological

communities or their habitats.

Section 4.2




this report

Whilst no development is proposed for rezoning for the rezoning process,

consideration is given to whether any threatened species, populations,

ecological communities or their habitats have the potential to occur within

the study area.

Fisheries Management

Act 1994 (FM Act)

The proposal does not involve harm to mangroves or other protected

marine vegetation, dredging, reclamation or blocking of fish passage and

therefore a permit under the FM Act is not required.

-

Native Vegetation Act

2003 (NV Act)

Land within the Campbelltown Local Government Area (LGA) is excluded

from the NV Act, per Section 5 and Schedule 1, Part 3(13).

-

Noxious Weeds Act

1993 (NW Act)

The NW Act defines the roles of government, councils, private landholders

and public authorities in the management of noxious weeds. The Act sets

up categorisation and control actions for the various noxious weeds,

according to their potential to cause harm to our local environment. Under

this Act, noxious weeds have been identified for Local Government Areas

(LGAs) and assigned Control Categories (e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). Part 3 of

the Act provides that occupiers of land (including land owners) have

responsibility for controlling noxious weeds on the land they occupy.

Section

4.2.2

Water Management

Act 2000 (WM Act)

No drainage lines are mapped on the 1:25,000 topographical maps and no

waterfront land occurs within the study area. As such, a Controlled Activity

Approval under s91 of the WM Act is not required.

There is a drainage line mapped to the south-east of the study area on the

opposite side of Hansens Road, however no part of the study area is within

40 m of this drainage line.

-

State environmental planning policies

SEPP 19 – Bushland in

Urban Areas

The bushland is not zoned or reserved for public open space, and therefore

SEPP 19 does not apply to the study area. -

SEPP 44 Koala Habitat SEPP 44 applies to land within the Campbelltown LGA, however the

proposed rezoning does not constitute a development application under

clause 6 of SEPP 44.

The study area is 4.36 ha and is therefore greater than the trigger of 1 ha

under the SEPP. An assessment of the feed tree species and their

percentage of the total trees within the study area, as well as targeted field

survey has been undertaken. The study area is categorised as ‘potential

Koala habitat’ under the SEPP, but is not considered to be ‘core Koala

habitat’.

Section

4.2.3

Local

Campbelltown (Urban

Area) Local

The study area is zoned ‘7(d4) – Environmental Protection’. Lot sizes

within this zone are required to be a minimum of 2 ha.

-




this report

Environmental Plan

2002

The study area is a deferred matter under the Campbelltown Local

Environmental Plan 2015, as therefore is not land to which the LEP 2015

applies, per clause 1.3 (1A).



3 Methods

3.1 Data review

3.1.1 Vegetation communities

ELA reviewed the following information:

High resolution aerial photographs of the study area and surrounds were used to investigate

the extent of vegetation cover, landscape features and land use in the area

National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) vegetation community mapping (NPWS 2002)

Sydney Metropolitan Catchment Management Authority (CMA) vegetation community

mapping (OEH 2013)

Commonwealth Department of Environment Protected Matters Search Tool (PMST) for

Matters of National Environmental Significance (DotE 2016, accessed 24 June 2016)

Soil landscape mapping (Hazelton and Tille 1990).

3.1.2 Flora and fauna

Database records, literature and mapping were reviewed to determine the presence of threatened species

and populations to guide the field survey. The data reviewed included:

BioNet Atlas of NSW Wildlife (OEH 2016, accessed 24 May 2016)

Commonwealth Department of the Environment (DotE) Protected Matters Search Tool

(PMST) for Matters of National Environmental Significance (DotE 2016, accessed 24 May

2016)

Scientific Committee threatened species determinations

List of species of local, regional and state conservation significance for Western Sydney

Plain (Benson and McDougall 1991; NPWS 1997)

Draft Campbelltown Comprehensive Koala Plan of Management (Campbelltown City Council

2016)

Circular B35 - Section 2.1 Investigating Potential Koala Habitat for Core Koala Habitat

(Department of Planning 1995).

Species from the Atlas of NSW Wildlife and PMST searches were used as a basis for determining the

threatened species that may possibly occur within the study area (‘subject species’). Pre-survey

assessments of the likelihood of occurrence of threatened species and populations were performed to

determine which species were potentially ‘affected species’, and hence determine which sorts of habitat

to look for during field survey. The pre-survey assessment is demonstrated in Appendix B.

Assessment was made to determine the likely importance of the study area to flora and fauna of local

and regional significance (Benson and McDougall 1991; NPWS 1997).

3.2 Field survey

The study area was inspected by ecologists Brian Towle and Mitchell Scott on 7 and 9 May 2016. During

the survey, temperatures were cool and skies were clear. The maximum temperature for the day reached

20.1°C (Table 2). Although no rain fell during the survey, a significant storm event occurred across

Sydney over the two days preceding the survey, producing 177.4 mm of rain in the local area (5 and 6

May 2016). Details of weather conditions for the Koala targeted survey are provided in Table 2, this was

carried out on 24 and 25 October 2016 by ELA ecologists Rebecca Dwyer and Jack Talbert.



Table 2: Weather conditions during the survey

Date Temperature (°C) Max wind speed

(km/h) Rainfall (mm)

Minimum Maximum

7 May 2016 6.6 19.3 35 0

9 May 2016 11.5 22.6 37 0

24 October 2016 5.5 23.1 28 0

25 October 2016 4.7 27.0 24 0

Weather observations were taken from www.bom.gov.au Campbelltown (Mount Annan) (068257) (temperature, rainfall and wind

speed)


The study area was inspected via random meander traverses. Vegetation communities were validated

during these traverses. The condition of the vegetation was determined to categorise the vegetation into

its level of ecological importance. Vegetation on the adjoining lots (to the north and east) were also rapidly

inspected.

3.2.2 Flora

Floristic meanders were used to detect and record flora species present within the study area. All flora

species observed during floristic meanders were recorded. Targeted searches over the entire study area

were conducted for subject species identified from the data review.

3.2.3 Fauna

Fauna surveys included incidental observations during traverses of the study area (diurnal only) and

targeted surveys for Meridolum corneovirens (Cumberland Plain Land Snail (CPLS)), Microchiropteran

Bat species (Microbats) and Phascolarctos cinereus (Koala). All incidental fauna observations were

recorded during the survey, including non-threatened fauna of local, regional or state conservation

significance. In addition to incidental observations and targeted surveys, assessment of habitat for other

fauna groups was undertaken to inform the likelihood of occurrence for threatened fauna species. Habitat

assessment involved recording the presence or absence of habitat features which could potentially

support threatened fauna species (i.e. presence of hollow bearing trees, significant logs, waterbodies,

potential foraging / breeding resources).

Cumberland Plain Land Snail

Targeted searches for CPLS were conducted by searching in areas of suitable habitat within the study

area, which was limited to areas of accumulated leaf litter surrounding the base of trees. CPLS typically

occur under logs and other debris, amongst leaf and bark accumulations around bases of trees and

occasionally under grass clumps.

Microchiropteran bats

Two Anabat detectors were deployed within the study area over two consecutive nights to detect Microbat

activity. One Anabat was placed adjacent to the northern boundary of the study area, where it borders a

larger stand of trees, whilst the second was placed adjacent to the small dam within the study area (Figure

1).

Koala

Targeted surveys for Koala were undertaken in accordance with SEPP 44, ‘Draft Threatened Biodiversity

Survey and Assessment Guidelines’ (DEC 2004), Circular B35 (Department of Planning 1995) and



Council’s ‘Draft Campbelltown Comprehensive Koala Plan of Management (Campbelltown City Council

2016).

Circular B35 requires a survey using standard reportable techniques of Koala survey. The Regularised

Grid - based SAT (RG-bSAT) sampling technique (Campbelltown City Council 2016) requires 125 m

intervals (1.56 ha) for a ‘high Spot Assessment Technique (SAT) sampling intensity’ for a subject site <15

ha in size. Given the total remnant vegetation within the study area is 0.8 ha, all trees >100 mm diameter

at breast height within the study area were surveyed for signs of Koala activity.

The distribution of Koala feed tree species and area of cover were determined across the study area.

Diurnal surveys utilised the Spot Assessment Technique (SAT) (Phillips and Callaghan 2011). All feed

tree species within the study area were sampled for evidence of Koala activity including searches for

scratches, urine stain and scats (Figure 3).

Two ELA ecologists, Rebecca Dwyer and Jack Talbert conducted call playback and searches for indirect

signs for Koala over two nights from 24 to 25 October 2016. The call of the target species was broadcast

for up to five minutes, after which 10 minutes of listening and spotlighting was undertaken, this sequence

was repeated three times at each survey location. The series of call playback were performed six times

per night, three times at two locations. Location of targeted surveys are shown in Figure 3.

3.2.4 Limitations

The initial site inspection was conducted during winter, which is outside of the optimal survey period for

some flora and fauna. Thus, it is possible that some flora and fauna species that may occur in the study

area were not recorded due to the life cycle and behaviour of species and seasonal considerations.

Targeted surveys would need to be repeated over a number of seasons to more adequately capture the

diversity of flora and fauna that could be present in the study area. Since this was not possible, habitat

assessments were undertaken to predict the likely presence of species. Nonetheless, considering the

habitat available on site, the condition of the vegetation and the proposed rezoning, the survey effort was

deemed satisfactory for the purposes of this report.

The field survey was undertaken using hand-held GPS units. It is noted that these units can have errors

in the accuracy of the locations taken of approximately 20 m (subject to availability of satellites on the

day).

3.3 Analysis of ecological biodiversity values (Stage 2)

3.3.1 Vegetation condition

Vegetation condition categories (High, Good, Moderate and Low) were assigned to the vegetation

communities validated in the field in accordance with the EPBC and TSC Act criteria for CPW and SSTF,

where relevant. Using a combination of the vegetation mapping (NPWS 2002 and OEH 2013), aerial

photograph interpretation and site validation, each patch of vegetation with a canopy cover was assigned

a condition category based on its condition, density of canopy and area (ha). These classification rules

for this process are explained in Appendix C– Table 5 and Table 6.

3.3.2 Vegetation recovery potential

A recovery potential rating of High, Moderate, Low and Very Low was assigned to each vegetation unit

using the ‘recovery potential’ matrix in Appendix C– Table 8. The matrix considers a range of factors

including landuse history, soil condition and vegetation composition.



3.3.3 Ecological constraints

Following the literature review, field survey and assessment of vegetation condition and recovery

potential, ecological constraints were assigned to vegetation patches and habitat features within the study

area. Depending on the site characteristics, ecological constraints were ranked as high, moderate and

low. The criteria for each of these levels was determined during the project and identified in Section 5.3.

3.3.4 Consideration of linkages

Using a combination of the vegetation mapping (NPWS 2002 and OEH 2013), aerial photograph

interpretation, site validation and a brief roadside inspection of adjacent vegetation, ELA assessed the

presence and importance of linkages to other vegetation for fauna movement in the local / regional area.

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4 Results

4.1 Data review


Portions of the study area were mapped by NPWS (2002) as ‘Shale Sandstone Transition Forest (High

Sandstone Influence)’ a component of the ‘Shale Sandstone Transition Forest in the Sydney Basin

Bioregion’ listed as critically endangered (CEEC) under the TSC Act and the EPBC Act. OEH (2013)

later mapped the study area as containing ‘Cumberland Shale – Sandstone Ironbark Forest’. This forms

a component of the ‘Shale Sandstone Transition Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion’ ecological

community listed as a CEEC under the TSC Act and EPBC Act. OEH (2013) mapping also included a

small patch of ‘Urban Native and Exotic Cover’. This previous vegetation mapping is shown in Figure 4.

The study area is located within the Blacktown soil landscape which is a residual landscape. Its

topography is described as gently undulating rises on Wianamatta Group shale. Topsoils are usually a

friable greyish brown loam to sandy loam of up to 30 cm overlying a clay loam or light clay. The topsoil

ranges from neutral to slightly acidic and occasionally contains ironstone gravels and charcoal (Hazelton

and Tille 1990).

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4.1.2 Flora

There were no previous records of threatened flora within the study area based on NSW Wildlife Atlas

search (OEH 2016). Searches of the NSW Wildlife Atlas and EPBC Act PMST identified 19 threatened

flora species as having been recorded, or considered likely to occur, within 5 km of the study area.

Based on a likelihood of occurrence assessment (Appendix B), the following seven subject species were

deemed to potentially occur within the study area prior to the field survey and formed the basis for targeted

flora searches, noting the limitations outlined in Section 3.2.4:

Grevillea parviflora subsp. parviflora (Small-flower Grevillea)

Leucopogon exolasius (Woronora Beard-heath)

Persoonia hirsuta (Hairy Geebung)

Pimelea curviflora var. curviflora

Pimelea spicata (Spiked Rice-flower)

Pomaderris brunnea (Brown Pomaderris)

Pterostylis saxicola (Sydney Plains Greenhood).

Benson and McDougall (1991) identify Hibbertia nitida, Lomandra fluviatilis (River Mat-rush), Mentha

satureioides, Phyllanthus virgatus (Creeping Mint), and Helipterum anthemoides as regionally significant

species in the Campbelltown area. The Urban Bushland Biodiversity Survey provides an extensive list of

significant plant species recorded in Western Sydney (UBBS 1997).

4.1.3 Fauna and habitat elements

There were no previous records of threatened fauna within the study area based on NSW Wildlife Atlas

search (OEH 2016). A review of data from the Atlas of NSW Wildlife and the EPBC Act PMST, identified

46 threatened fauna species as occurring, or considered likely to occur, within the 5 km of the study area.

Following a likelihood of occurrence assessment (Appendix B), 16 species were considered to potentially

occur within the study area, prior to the field survey, including:

Anthochaera phrygia (Regent Honeyeater)

Callocephalon fimbriatum (Gang-gang Cockatoo)

Calyptorhynchus lathami (Glossy Black-cockatoo)

Glossopsitta pusilla (Little Lorikeet)

Hieraaetus morphnoides (Little Eagle)

Lathamus discolor (Swift Parrot)

Melithreptus gularis gularis (eastern subspecies) (Black-chinned Honeyeater)

Monarcha melanopsis (Black-faced Monarch)

Ninox strenua (Powerful Owl)

Petroica boodang (Scarlet Robin)

Phascolarctos cinereus (Koala)

Meridolum corneovirens (Cumberland Plain Land Snail)

Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis (Eastern Bentwing-bat)

Mormopterus norfolkensis (Eastern Freetail-bat)

Saccolaimus flaviventris (Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat)

Scoteanax rueppellii (Greater Broad-nosed Bat).

The Urban Bushland Biodiversity Survey provides an extensive list of significant fauna species recorded

in Western Sydney (UBBS 1997).



Koala

The vegetated eastern portion of the study area and property to the north is mapped as ‘preferred habitat’

within Council’s Koala Habitat Planning Map 2015. The majority of the remainder of the study area is

mapped as ‘Mainly cleared land – preferred habitat buffer over cleared’.

A Draft Comprehensive Koala Plan of Management 2016 (Philips 2016), has mapped the study area and

surrounding areas broadly as ‘core koala habitat’, however this plan is not yet in force.

The Koala is listed as a vulnerable species under both the TSC and EPBC Acts. A review of data from

BioNET Atlas of NSW Wildlife, and EPBC Act PMST identified 512 koala records within 5 km of the study

area, primarily within bushland to the east. The closest koala record exists on the road adjacent to the

southern border of the site (Figure 4). Prior to the field survey, the Koala was considered to have potential

to occur within the study area (Appendix B).

Cumberland Plain Land Snail (CPLS)

CPLS is listed as endangered species under the TSC Act. This species has been recently (2014)

recorded approximately 100 m to the north of the study area (Figure 4). CPLS typically occur under logs

and other debris, amongst leaf and bark accumulations around bases of trees and occasionally under

grass clumps. CPLS was considered to potentially occur within the study area prior to the field survey

(Appendix B).

Microbats

The Eastern Freetail-bat, Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat and Greater Broad-nosed Bat are all listed as

vulnerable under the TSC Act and have previously been recorded within 5 km of the study area. These

three species were considered to have potential to occur within the study area, prior to the field survey

(Appendix B).

4.2 Field survey


The field survey sought to validate previous NPWS (2002) and OEH (2013) vegetation mapping. The

following vegetation communities were identified within the study area (Figure 5):

0.61 ha of Shale Sandstone Transition Forest (SSTF) – Woodland of low sandstone

influence within the eastern portion of the study area. This vegetation forms part of the

‘Shale Sandstone Transition Forest in the Sydney Basin Bioregion’ CEEC listed under the

TSC Act. This vegetation also forms part of the ‘Shale Sandstone Transition Forest of the

Sydney Basin Bioregion’ CEEC listed under the EPBC Act (Category A), as it is greater than

0.5 ha in size, greater than 30% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover is made up

of native species and includes at least one large locally indigenous tree (diameter at breast

height (DBH) greater than 80 cm)

0.11 ha of SSTF – Isolated trees with an exotic understorey throughout the study area.

These isolated trees form part of the SSTF CEEC listed under the TSC Act, but these

patches do not meet the criteria to be listed under the EPBC Act.

0.08 ha of Shale Plains Woodland (SPW) (hereafter CPW – Woodland) within the south-

western portion of study area. This vegetation forms part of the ‘Cumberland Plain Woodland

the Sydney Basin Bioregion’ CEEC listed under the TSC Act. This area does not form part

of the ‘Cumberland Plain Shale Woodlands and Shale-Gravel Transition Forest’ CEEC listed

under the EPBC Act, as this area is less than the minimum patch size of 0.5 ha.

3.57 ha exotic grasslands within the remainder of the study area.



The 0.61 ha of SSTF – Woodland (low sandstone influence), within the eastern portion of the study area

was characterised by a canopy dominated by Eucalyptus tereticornis (Forest Red Gum) and Eucalyptus

crebra (Narrow-leaved ironbark) with occasional individuals of Eucalyptus eugenioides (Thin-leaved

Stringybark) also observed. The canopy of this vegetation community within the study area was

dominated by relatively young individuals ((DBH) generally less than 20 cm) of a single age class with

only a small number of larger mature specimens present (DBH up to 1 m). A midstorey or shrub layer

was largely absent from this vegetation community within the study area although isolated individuals

from this structural layer were observed within the small woodland patches and additional species were

recorded from roadside areas adjacent to, but outside of, the study area. Midstorey or shrub layer species

observed included Bursaria spinosa (Blackthorn), Acacia decurrens (Black wattle), Acacia implexa

(Hickory wattle), Exocarpos cupressiformis (Cherry Ballart) and the exotic species Olea europaea subsp.

cuspidata (African Olive) and Ligustrum sinense (Small-leaved Privet). A mown grassy understorey was

present within this community, with the relative abundance of native and exotic grasses variable across

the extent of the community. Generally, woodland patches of this community were dominated by

Microlaena stipoides (Weeping grass), Aristida vagans (Threeawn Speargrass), Aristida ramosa (Purple

Wiregrass), Dichondra repens (Kidney weed) and the exotic grasses Axonopus fissifolius (Narrow-leafed

Carpet Grass) and Sporobolus africanus (Parramatta Grass). A number of native and exotic forbs were

also common within this community including Brunoniella australis (Blue Trumpet), Plantago lanceolata

(Plantain), Hypochaeris radicata (Catsear) and Glycine tabacina. The species richness and diversity

within the groundlayer of this community was relatively low which is attributed to past and ongoing

management practices including mowing.

The 0.11 ha of SSTF – Isolated Trees with an exotic understorey throughout the study area was present

as isolated trees of Eucalyptus crebra and Eucalyptus tereticornis over an exotic grassy understorey

dominated by Axonopus fissifolius, Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu) with a number of other grass and

forbs species common including Paspalum dilatatum (Paspalum) and Trifolium repens (White Clover).

The 0.08 ha patch of CPW – Woodland in the south-west of the study area was similar to the areas of

SSTF – Woodland, with no shrub layer present and a mown understorey dominated by Microlaena

stipoides, Aristida spp., Dichondra repens and exotic grasses. The CPW was distinguished from adjacent

areas of SSTF by the canopy composition, dominated by E. tereticornis but with E. moluccana (Grey

Gum) present and the less frequent occurrence of E. crebra. Additionally, CPW was identified as

occurring within areas of deeper shale derived soils.

The SSTF – Woodland and CPW – Woodland within the study area were in a highly modified state

including historic canopy clearing (within those areas identified as supporting exotic grasslands), a largely

absent midstorey or shrub layer and a mown understorey with low native flora diversity. In this condition,

identification of the boundary between these communities is made difficult, with the boundary between

these communities recognised as being indistinct by nature (Tozer 2003). The identification of SSTF and

CPW within the study area was based upon interpretation of the native species recorded within the study

area, observation of patches of native vegetation adjacent to, and surrounding, the study area, previous

vegetation community mapping and consideration of soils and topography.

The 3.57 ha of exotic grasslands within the study area were dominated by either Axonopus fissifolius

or Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu), or combination of the two species, with a number of other grass

and forbs species common including Paspalum dilatatum (Paspalum), Hypochaeris radicata, Cynodon

dactylon (Couch), Modiola caroliniana (Red-flowered Mallow) and Trifolium repens. A small number of

garden plantings were present within the areas of exotic grassland, largely in proximity to the existing

dwelling within the study area. Garden plantings included shrub and small tree species including non-

local native species such as Callistemon viminalis (Weeping bottlebrush) and Acmena sp. (Lily pily) and



exotic species such as Jacaranda mimosifolia (Jacaranda), Cupressus sp. (Cypress), Lagerstroemia

indica (Crepe Myrtle) and Syagrus romanzoffiana (Queen Palm).

Assessment of potential impacts to these threatened ecological communities from future clearing of

habitat within the study area would require Assessment of Significance (AoS) under the EP&A Act in the

form of a seven part test for TSC Act listed ecological communities and assessment against Significant

Impact Criteria (SIC) for MNES under the EPBC Act. This would be undertaken at the development

application stage. Referral to the Commonwealth Department of the Environment (DotE) would be

required if clearing of all or part of the 0.61 ha of SSTF listed under the EPBC Act is proposed.

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4.2.2 Flora

A total of 65 flora species (28 local native species and 37 non-local native and exotic species) were

recorded within the study area, with full list of species is recorded in Appendix C. No species listed as

threatened under the TSC Act or EPBC Act were recorded within the study area, nor is potential habitat

for these species considered to be present within the study area. Five noxious weed species were

recorded during the field survey (Table 3).

Table 3: Noxious weeds recorded in the study area

Species Name Common Name NW Act Class

Araujia sericifera Moth Vine (not listed as a noxious weed in this area)

Asparagus aethiopicus Asparagus Fern Class 2

Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper Class 4

Senecio madagascariensis Fireweed Class 4

Ligustrum lucidum Large-leaved Privet Class 4

Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata African Olive Class 4

Class 2: The plant must be eradicated from the land and that land must be kept free of the plant

Class 4: Locally controlled weed: The growth of the plant must be managed in a manner that continuously inhibits the ability of the

plant to spread.

One species recorded during the survey, Sporobolus creber, is listed as regionally significant (UBBS

1997) and is listed as V3 including “Vulnerable taxa which are relatively common to widespread”.

Additionally, one species listed as regionally significant (UBBS 1997) may be present within the study

area, namely Einadia nutans subsp. linifolia. Einadia nutans was recorded within the study area, although

it was not identified to subspecies level. This species is also listed (UBBS 1997) as “Vulnerable taxa

which are relatively common to widespread.”

4.2.3 Fauna

The likelihood of occurrence of threatened species and populations was assessed during the field survey,

based on the ecology of the study area and knowledge of species preferred habitat. Considering the

habitat available, the disturbed nature of the study area and the level of survey undertaken, no threatened

species listed under the TSC Act or EPBC Act are considered likely to wholly depend upon the habitat

within the study area. The following species are considered to potentially utilise the study area for foraging

purposes, although no breeding habitat was identified:

Little Lorikeet (TSC Act)

Little Eagle (TSC Act)

Swift Parrot (TSC and EPBC Act)

Powerful Owl (TSC Act)

Scarlet Robin (TSC Act)

Koala (TSC and EPBC Act)

Eastern Bentwing-bat (TSC Act)

Eastern Freetail-bat (TSC Act)

Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat (TSC Act)

Greater Broad-nosed Bat (TSC Act).

Assessment of potential impacts to these threatened species from future clearing of habitat within the

study area would require Assessment of Significance (AoS) under the EP&A Act in the form of seven part



tests for TSC Act listed species and assessment against Significant Impact Criteria (SIC) for MNES under

the EPBC Act. This would be undertaken at the development application stage.

Cumberland Plain Land Snail

No CPLS were found within the study area despite targeted searches for this species at the base of trees

located within the study area. Notably, due to the apparent extensive mowing of the site, there was little

potential habitat (leaf litter) present at the base of the trees.

Koala targeted survey

No evidence of Koalas (scats, urine stains or scratch marks) were identified within the study area during

targeted diurnal SAT surveys. In addition, Koalas were not heard or observed during nocturnal call

playback and spotlighting.

Koala – SEPP 44

Koala is listed as Vulnerable under both the TSC Act and the EPBC Act. Potential Koala habitat is defined

as areas of native vegetation where the trees of the types listed in SEPP 44 (Schedule 2) constitute at

least 15% of the total number of trees in the upper or lower strata of the tree component.

Koala habitat has been delineated across the study area based on vegetation type and condition. Both

vegetation communities within the study area (SSTF [low sandstone influence] and CPW) contain

Eucalyptus tereticornis, listed in Schedule 2 and Campbelltown DCP (2015) as a Koala feed tree, which

constitutes over 15% (approximately 80%) of the trees present within the study area. Koalas in this region

occur at low densities and are, therefore, cryptic and extremely difficult to detect. Based on historic

records, the presence of suitable habitat and feed trees, vegetated links to known habitat, the ability of

Koala to move long distances and their cryptic nature, the study area is considered to represent ‘potential

koala habitat’ as defined under SEPP 44.

Core Koala habitat is defined as an area of land with a resident population of Koalas, evidenced by

attributes such as breeding females and recent sightings of and historical records of a population. The

Atlas of NSW Wildlife showed 11 records for Koalas from 1997-2011 located approximately 200 m from

the study area, and over 500 Koala records in a 5 km radius (Figure 6). However, there are no records

within the study area. No Koalas or evidence of Koalas (scats or scratch marks) were found within the

study area during the targeted field survey. Based on the information to date, the study area is considered

to not be ‘Core Koala habitat’ as defined under SEPP 44. Koalas in this region are cryptic and have large

home ranges, therefore the Koala may utilise the study area on occasions.

Threatened birds and microbats

A list of incidental fauna observations is recorded in Appendix D with further detail of records of Microbat

species provided in Appendix E. One threatened fauna species, the Eastern Bentwing Bat, listed as

vulnerable under the TSC Act was recorded within the study area. No fauna species of regional

significance were recorded during the field survey (UBBS 1997).

One potential hollow-bearing tree was identified in the eastern corner of the study area (Figure 3),

although the presence of a hollow could not be confirmed by ecologists from the ground level. Two stags

were located outside of the study area along the south-eastern border. Apart from one mature

E. tereticornis and one mature E. crebra, the majority of trees within the study area were regenerating,

with a DBH less than 1 m.

Subject species identified from the data review (Section 4.1.3) were limited to highly mobile fauna groups

including bird and bat species. These highly mobile fauna groups may utilise the study area for foraging

purposes, although the absence, or infrequent occurrence, of any hollows (one small hollow may be



present) and the absence of a dense midstorey or shrub layer would limit the use of the study area by

these fauna groups for breeding, sheltering or roosting purposes. Additionally, the low diversity of canopy

species and the mown understorey within the study area would further limit the foraging resources

available to fauna groups.

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5 Analysis of ecological biodiversity values (Stage 2)

5.1 Vegetat ion condit ion

Two vegetation condition assessment methodologies were used to determine vegetation condition. The

ELA adapted NPWS (2002) vegetation condition categories in Appendix C – Table 5; and the vegetation

condition thresholds for both SSTF and CPW as listed under the EPBC Act (Appendix C – Table 6 and

Table 7).

The SSTF – Woodland (0.61 ha) in the eastern portion of the study area is considered to be in ‘high’

condition using NPWS (2002) as it was greater than 0.5 ha in size, had a relatively intact native tree

canopy and dominant understorey species were identified. However, it is considered to be in ‘moderate’

condition when using the EPBC Act vegetation condition thresholds in Appendix C – Table 7; as it is

greater than 0.5 ha in size, greater than 30% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover is made up

of native species and includes at least one large locally indigenous tree (DBH greater than 80 cm).

The lower category of ‘moderate’ vegetation condition has been adopted as this is considered to better

reflect the condition of this vegetation due to:

The small area of this patch of vegetation (0.61 ha)

Its moderately isolated location having been fragmented from other areas of vegetation by

previous vegetation clearing

The past and ongoing disturbance to understorey vegetation, including weed incursion.

The small patches of SSTF – Isolated trees (0.11 ha) and CPW – Woodland (0.08 ha) were less than the

minimum patch size considered by NPWS 2002 (Appendix C – Table 5) and hence were considered to

be in ‘low’ condition. These patches were also assessed in ‘low’ condition using the condition thresholds

for both SSTF and CPW as listed under the EPBC Act (Appendix C – Table 6 and Table 7); as the small

patch sizes were less than the minimum patch size considered by these criteria and hence were

considered to be in ‘low’ condition.

Vegetation condition of each patch is shown in Figure 7.

5.2 Recovery potential

A recovery potential matrix was used to assign a recovery potential to each vegetation unit. The matrix

has been adapted by ELA from a matrix developed by Ian Perkins Consultancy Services (2002) to identify

the recovery potential of vegetation of the Cumberland Plain and has been used in a variety of similar

assessments. The matrix considers a range of factors including landuse history, soil condition and

vegetation composition. Based on the characteristics of the various vegetation units, a recovery potential

rating of High, Moderate, Low or Very Low was assigned to each (Appendix C - Table 8).

The woodland patches of SSTF and CPW within the study area were identified as having ‘high’ recovery

potential as these areas contained a native intact canopy and despite recent and ongoing disturbance to

the understorey (e.g. mowing), these areas were uncultivated and native dominated. The isolated trees

of SSTF within the study area were identified as having ‘very low’ recovery potential due to the modified,

exotic dominated nature of the understorey within these patches of vegetation. Recovery potential of

each patch is shown in Figure 8.

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5.3 Ecological constraints

Vegetation condition and recovery potential values have been used to rank the study area in terms of

high, moderate and low ecological constraint (Table 4). Future development within the study area should

seek to avoid or minimise impacts to areas of moderate ecological constraint. Areas of low ecological

constraint have the least value.

Table 4: Classification of ecological constraint

Ecological

constraint

Vegetation patches within the

study area Vegetation and habitat components

High None

CEEC in high condition with high recovery potential

CEEC with minimal disturbance, including weed incursion,

and all vegetation structural layers present

Known habitat for threatened flora species

Known breeding / sheltering habitat for threatened fauna

species

Contiguous areas of vegetation with high connectivity

Moderate

SSTF – Woodland

CPW – Woodland

CEEC in moderate or low condition and with high recovery

potential

Vegetation with shrub layer cleared and disturbed

understorey

No known habitat for threatened flora species

Potential foraging habitat for threatened fauna species

Vegetation with limited / broken connectivity

Low SSTF – Isolated trees CEEC in low condition and very low recovery potential

Mature isolated paddock trees without hollows*

*Based upon the categorisation of vegetation condition and recovery potential, the single potential hollow bearing

tree within the study area, which occurs as an isolated tree over an exotic understorey was categorised as having a

‘low’ ecological constraint. It is recommended that further investigation of the use of this tree by fauna species should

be undertaken at the development application stage, in particular if the removal of this tree is proposed.

5.3.1 Planning and approval constraints

The above methodology does not take into account potential planning constraints. Should future

development propose clearing of all or part of the 0.61 ha of SSTF – Woodland listed as a CEEC under

the EPBC Act, referral would be required to the Commonwealth DotE for determination of whether the

proposal is a controlled action under the EPBC Act. Referral of the proposal should be undertaken as

soon as it is determined that impacts to this CEEC are unavoidable, in order to understand any

requirements that may be imposed by DotE.

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5.4 Consideration of l inkages

Within fragmented landscapes connectivity between relatively natural areas increases the ability of these

natural areas to provide habitat for native flora and fauna. The retention and or restoration of linkages

within an urbanised area such as that surrounding the study area, is an import consideration in

conservation of biodiversity.

At a regional scale, the study area is located at the interface between highly urbanised areas (associated

with the suburbs of Leumeah and Minto) and areas supporting large stands of relatively natural vegetation

associated with Peter Meadows Creek (Figure 10). The results of the data review indicates that Peter

Meadows Creek and adjacent areas of natural vegetation are an important area of habitat for flora and

fauna which is contiguous with native vegetation to the east including along the Georges River and within

the Holsworthy Military Area.

Within the urbanised areas of Leumeah and Minto there are few natural areas which offer habitat for

native flora and fauna. Aerial photographic interpretation identified relatively natural areas likely to

support native flora and fauna along Smiths Creek and highly modified vegetation within Wyangala

Reserve (Figure 10). Linkages between Wyangala Reserve, Smiths Creek and the larger Peter Meadows

Creek area currently exist to the south of the Study area via Smiths Creek Reserve. The study area offers

little in terms of linkages between these areas due to residential development along the length of

Wyangala Crescent (Figure 10). Some fauna groups, specifically those highly mobile and disturbance

tolerant species, may utilise the small patches of native vegetation within the study area as a stepping

stone between these areas.

Proposed development within the study area which retains areas of moderate ecological constraint

(Section 5.3 and Figure 9) would be unlikely to reduce the ability of the study area to function as a linkage

between these areas.

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al

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f n

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6 Conclusions

6.1 Vegetat ion communit ies and threatened species

Two threatened native vegetation communities were identified within the study area:

SSTF – Woodland (0.61 ha) (CEEC under the TSC and EPBC Acts)

SSTF – Isolated Trees (0.11 ha) (CEEC under the TSC Act)

CPW – Woodland (0.08 ha) (CEEC under the TSC Act).

The remainder of the study area comprised exotic grasslands and / or exotic plantings (3.57 ha).

No threatened flora species were recorded during the field survey, nor are any species considered likely

to occur within the study area.

One threatened fauna species, the Eastern Bentwing-bat, was recorded within the study area. The

following species are considered to potentially utilise the study area for foraging purposes, although no

breeding habitat was identified:

Little Lorikeet (TSC Act)

Little Eagle (TSC Act)

Swift Parrot (TSC and EPBC Act)

Powerful Owl (TSC Act)

Scarlet Robin (TSC Act)

Koala (TSC and EPBC Act)

Eastern Freetail-bat (TSC Act)

Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat (TSC Act)

Greater Broad-nosed Bat (TSC Act).

One potential hollow-bearing tree was identified in the north- eastern corner of the study area, and where

possible this tree should be retained. If this tree is proposed to be removed at the development application

stage, further investigation of use of this tree by fauna species should be undertaken. As Eucalyptus

tereticornis constitutes over 15% (approximately 80%) of the trees present within the study area, the study

area represents ‘potential koala habitat’ as defined under SEPP 44. However, no Koalas or evidence of

Koalas (scats or scratch marks) were found within the study area during the targeted field survey. Based

on the information to date, the study area is considered to not be ‘Core Koala habitat’ as defined under

SEPP 44. Targeted searches for the Cumberland Plain Land Snail identified a lack of suitable habitat

within the study area.

Assessment of potential impacts to threatened ecological communities and species from future clearing

of habitat within the study area would require Assessment of Significance (AoS) under the EP&A Act for

TSC Act listed ecological communities and assessment against Significant Impact Criteria (SIC) for MNES

under the EPBC Act. This would be undertaken at the development application stage.

Should future development propose clearing of all or part of the 0.61 ha of SSTF – Woodland listed as a

CEEC under the EPBC Act, referral would be required to the Commonwealth DotE for determination of

whether the proposal is a controlled action under the EPBC Act. Referral of the proposal should be

undertaken as soon as it is determined that impacts to this CEEC are unavoidable (if relevant), in order

to understand any requirements that may be imposed by DotE.



6.2 Ecological constraints

Vegetation condition and recovery potential values have been used to rank the study areas in terms of

high, moderate and low ecological constraint (Table 4). The following ecological constraints were

identified within the study area:

High constraint: None

Moderate constraint: Areas of CEEC in moderate or low condition but with high recovery

potential – SSTF – Woodland (0.61 ha) and CPW – Woodland (0.08 ha)

Low: CEEC in low condition and very low recovery potential – SSTF isolated trees (0.11 ha)

over an exotic understorey.

Based upon the categorisation of vegetation condition and recovery potential, the single potential hollow

bearing tree within the study area, which occurred as an isolated tree over an exotic understorey was

categorised as having a ‘low’ ecological constraint. It is recommended that further investigation of the

use of this tree by fauna species should be undertaken at the development application stage, in particular

if the removal of this tree is proposed.

6.3 Linkages

The study area has limited potential to act as part of a linkage between areas with potential flora and

fauna habitat within the region (including Peter Meadows Creek, Smiths Creek and Wyangala Reserve).

The study area may be used as a ‘stepping stone’ for highly mobile and disturbance tolerant species to

move between these areas. Proposed development within the study area which retains areas of high

ecological constraint (Section 5.3 and Figure 9) would be unlikely to reduce the ability of the study area

to function as a linkage between these areas.



References

Benson, D. and McDoughall, L. 1991. Rare Bushland Plants of Western Sydney. Royal Botanic Gardens

Sydney.

Balance Environmental 2014. Microbat Call Interpretation report: Ewingsdale Planning Proposal. Lot 101

DP1140936. Ewingsdale Road, Ewingsdale, NSW.

Council 2004. Guidelines for Koala Habitat Assessments. Attachment No. 5 to Item 2.7 – Planning and

Environment Committee Meeting. Prepared 9 November 2004.

Council 2016a. Specialist Studies Requirements – 82-102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah Planning

Proposal. Prepared by Campbelltown City Council in January 2016.

Council 2016b. Planning Proposal Request – 82 – 102 Amundsen Street, Leumeah. Prepared by

Campbelltown City Council on 30 September 2016.

DEC 2004. Draft Threatened Biodiversity Survey and Assessment Guidelines for Developments and

Activities. Prepared by the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation in November 2004.

DPE 2015. Gateway Determination – Planning Proposal (Department Ref: PP_2015_CAMPB_03_00.

Prepared by the NSW Department of Planning and Environment on 4 December 2015.

Hazleton, P. A. and P. J. Tille. 1990. Soil Landscapes of the Wollongong-Port Hacking 1:100 000 Sheet.

Soil Conservation Service of NSW, Sydney.

Law, B. S., Anderson, J., and Chidel, M. 1999 ‘Bat communities in a fragmented forest landscape on the

south-west slopes of New South Wales, Australia.’ Biological Conservation 88, 333-345.

Lloyd, A.M., Law, B.S., and Goldingay, R. 2006 ‘Bat activity on riparian zones and upper slopes in

Australian timber production forests and the effectiveness of riparian buffers.’ Biological Conservation

129, 207-220.

McKenzie, N. L., Stuart, A. N., and Bullen, R. D. 2002. ‘Foraging ecology and organisation of a desert bat

fauna.’ Australian Journal of Zoology 50, 529-548.

Mills, D. J., Norton, T. W., Parnaby, H. E., Cunningham, R. B., and Nix, H. A. 1996. ‘Designing surveys

for microchiropteran bats in complex forest landscapes - a pilot study from south-east Australia.’ Special

issue: Conservation of biological diversity in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems 85, 149-161.

National Parks and Wildlife Services (NPWS) 1997. Significant Plant Species of Western Sydney. Urban

Bushland Biodiversity Survey.

Parnaby, H. 1992. An interim guide to identification of insectivorous bats of south-eastern Australia.

Technical Reports of the Australian Museum Number 8.

Pennay, M., Law, B., and Rhinhold, L. 2004. Bat calls of New South Wales: Region based guide to

echolocation calls of Microchiropteran bats. NSW Department of Environment and Conservation,

Hurstville.

Ian Perkins Consultancy Services and Aquila Ecological Surveys (2002). Harrington Park Stage 2.

Ecological assessment. Unpublished report for Harpak Pty Ltd.



Phillips, S. 2016. Draft Campbelltown Comprehensive Koala Plan of Management. Prepared by Biolink

for Campbelltown City Council. On public exhibition at the time of preparation of this assessment, from

25 May to 22 June 2016.

Reinhold, L., Law, B., Ford, G., and Pennay, M. Key to the bat calls of south-east Queensland and north-

east New South Wales. 2001. Queensland, DNR.



Appendix A - Specialist study specifications

Flora and Fauna: Output

A report which makes recommendations and conclusions regarding the potential protection of biodiversity

and determines whether proposed future changes to land-use are compatible with diversity and if so, how

compatibility can be sustained in the short and long term.

To ensure that environmental conservation and bushfire management outcomes are integrated to provide

a single solution.

Objectives

To identify and describe flora and fauna communities and habitats on the site and in the

immediate surroundings

To ensure areas containing threatened species and Ecologically Endangered Communities

(EEC) and habitat for threatened species and/or EEC are maintained

To ensure statutory obligations for the protection and management of threatened species

and native vegetation can be met and sustained subsequent to any new development.

Tasks / Methodology

Undertake a survey and assessment over the whole site to confirm the classification and

condition of any remnant vegetation on site and detail areas worthy of conservation with

reference to OEH General Guidelines for Strategic Planning and ‘Principles for the use of

biodiversity offsets’

The biodiversity assessment should cover two distinct stages:

Stage 1: Flora and Fauna Assessment

The preparation of a flora and fauna report based on survey work undertaken by a suitably qualified

ecologist with knowledge and expertise of the species and ecological communities in the area is required.

The report should include, but not be restricted to:

details of the methodology, timing and extent of survey work undertaken;

site specific surveys for threatened fauna and flora species and ecological communities and

their habitat within or in close proximity to the site;

identification, including site specific surveys of any fauna and flora species and ecological

communities and their habitat which are of local, regional or state conservation significance;

and

maps detailing the remnant vegetation on and adjacent to the site, the classification of these

assemblages and possible habitat corridors and vegetation linkages (all maps should be of

the same scale and composite maps showing all relevant data should be included in the

report).



To identify ecological communities and their condition within the subject area, reference should be made

to any existing ecological or vegetation assessments that have been undertaken in the area.

Stage 2: Analysis of Ecological Biodiversity Values

The above flora and fauna report/s should be used as the basis for determining the biodiversity values

within the subject area by assessing the:

1. Conservation significance of the remnant vegetation communities on site. The criteria for establishing

significance should be documented;

2. Consideration of linkages that could be made as part of the development and assessments of priorities

for the improvement in condition of remnant vegetation on site. In undertaking this assessment it is

recommended that relevant areas be compartmentalised into land units classified into categories of high,

moderate and low recovery potential; and

3. Significance of habitat for threatened species and regionally and locally significant fauna and flora

species.



Appendix B - Likelihood of occurrence

Likelihood of occurrences for threatened species and populations in the study area were made based on

location of database records, the likely presence or absence of suitable habitat in the study area, and

knowledge of the species’ ecology, to limit the list of threatened species to potentially ‘affected species’

(those that were defined as “yes”, “likely” or having “potential” to occur in the study area – see below).

Five terms for the likelihood of occurrence of species are used in this assessment, as defined below:

“yes” = the species was or has been observed in the study area;

“likely” = a medium to high probability that a species uses the study area;

“potential” = suitable habitat for a species occurs in the study area, but there is insufficient

information to categorise the species as likely to occur, or unlikely to occur;

“unlikely” = a very low to low probability that a species uses the study area; and

“no” = habitat in the study area and in its vicinity is unsuitable for the species.

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Con

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ee

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Ma

roo

ta i

n t

he

no

rth

-

we

st

an

d

Cro

om

R

ese

rve

ne

ar

Alb

ion

P

ark

in

th

e so

uth

.

Wood

lan

d, m

ostly o

n s

hale

y/late

ritic s

oils

ove

r sa

ndsto

ne

and

sh

ale

/sa

ndsto

ne

tr

ansitio

n

so

ils

on

rid

ge

tops

an

d

up

per

slo

pe

s.

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

Pim

ele

a s

pic

ata

S

pik

ed

Ric

e-f

low

er

E1

E

Tw

o d

isju

nct

are

as;

the C

um

be

rla

nd

P

lain

(M

ara

yo

ng

a

nd

Pro

sp

ect

Rese

rvo

ir s

ou

th t

o N

are

llan

an

d D

ou

gla

s P

ark

) a

nd

the

Illa

wa

rra

(L

an

dsd

ow

ne

to

Sh

ellh

arb

ou

r to

no

rth

ern

Kia

ma

).

Well-

str

uctu

red

cla

y s

oils

. E

uca

lyptu

s m

olu

cca

na

(G

rey B

ox)

co

mm

unitie

s a

nd

in

a

reas o

f ir

on

ba

rk o

n th

e C

um

be

rla

nd

Pla

in.

Coa

st

Ba

nksia

ope

n w

oo

dla

nd

or

coa

sta

l g

rassla

nd

in

the

Illa

wa

rra

.

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

40

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

Po

ma

de

rris

bru

nn

ea

Bro

wn

Po

ma

de

rris

E

V

In N

SW

, fo

und

aro

und

the

Co

lo,

Ne

pe

an

an

d H

aw

kesb

ury

Riv

ers

, in

clu

din

g t

he

Ba

rgo a

rea

an

d n

ea

r C

am

de

n.

It a

lso

occu

rs n

ea

r W

alc

ha

on

th

e N

ew

En

gla

nd t

able

lan

ds.

Mo

ist

wo

od

lan

d o

r fo

rest o

n c

lay a

nd

allu

via

l so

ils o

f flo

od

pla

ins a

nd

cre

ek lin

es.

Po

ten

tia

l N

o

Pte

rosty

lis

sa

xic

ola

Syd

ne

y

Pla

ins

Gre

en

ho

od

E1

E

Restr

icte

d t

o w

este

rn S

yd

ne

y b

etw

ee

n F

reem

ans R

ea

ch

in

the

no

rth

an

d P

icto

n in

th

e s

ou

th. S

ma

ll p

ocke

ts o

f sh

allo

w s

oil

in d

ep

ressio

ns o

n s

an

dsto

ne

ro

ck s

helv

es a

bo

ve

clif

f lin

es,

ad

jace

nt to

scle

rop

hyll

fore

st or

wo

od

lan

d o

n s

hale

/sa

nd

sto

ne

tra

nsitio

n s

oils

or

sh

ale

so

ils.

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

Th

ely

mitra

ka

nga

loo

nic

a

Ka

ng

alo

on

Su

n O

rchid

E

4A

C

E

On

ly k

no

wn

to

occu

r on

th

e s

ou

the

rn ta

ble

lan

ds o

f N

SW

in the

Mo

ss V

ale

/

Ka

ng

alo

on

/

Fitzro

y F

alls

a

rea

a

t 55

0-7

00

m

ab

ove

se

a l

eve

l. S

wa

mp

s i

n s

ed

ge

lan

ds o

ve

r g

rey s

ilty g

rey

loa

m s

oils

.

No

N

o

Th

esiu

m

au

str

ale

Au

str

al

To

ad

fla

x

V

V

In e

aste

rn N

SW

it is

fo

un

d in

ve

ry s

ma

ll p

opu

latio

ns s

ca

tte

red

alo

ng

the

coa

st,

and

fr

om

th

e

Nort

he

rn

to

Sou

thern

Ta

ble

land

s. G

rassla

nd

on

coasta

l hea

dla

nds o

r g

rassla

nd

and

gra

ssy w

oo

dla

nd

aw

ay f

rom

the

coa

st.

Un

like

ly

No

FA

UN

A

An

tho

ch

ae

ra

ph

rygia

Reg

en

t

Hon

eye

ate

r E

4A

E

Inla

nd

slo

pe

s o

f so

uth

-east

Au

str

alia

, an

d l

ess f

requ

en

tly i

n

co

asta

l are

as. In

NS

W, m

ost re

co

rds a

re fro

m th

e N

ort

h-W

est

Pla

ins,

Nort

h-W

est

an

d

So

uth

-West

Slo

pe

s,

No

rthe

rn

Ta

ble

land

s,

Cen

tral

Ta

ble

land

s

an

d

So

uth

ern

T

ab

lela

nds

reg

ions; als

o r

eco

rde

d in

th

e C

en

tra

l C

oa

st an

d H

unte

r V

alle

y

reg

ions.

Euca

lyp

t w

oo

dla

nd

an

d

op

en

fo

rest,

w

oo

de

d

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

, n

ot

su

ita

ble

ha

bita

t

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

41

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

farm

lan

d a

nd

urb

an

are

as w

ith

ma

ture

euca

lyp

ts, a

nd

rip

ari

an

fore

sts

of

Casu

arin

a c

un

nin

gha

mia

na

(R

ive

r O

ak).

Ap

us p

acific

us

Fo

rk-t

aile

d

Sw

ift

P

C,J

,K,

Ma

r

Reco

rded

in

all

regio

ns o

f N

SW

. R

ipa

rian

wo

od

lan

d. sw

am

ps,

low

scru

b,

he

ath

land

, saltm

ars

h,

gra

ssla

nd

, S

pin

ifex

sa

ndp

lain

s,

op

en

fa

rmla

nd

an

d

inla

nd

a

nd

co

asta

l sa

nd

-

du

nes.

No

N

o

Ard

ea

alb

a

Gre

at

Eg

ret

P

C,

J,

Ma

r

Wid

esp

read

, occu

rrin

g

acro

ss

all

sta

tes/t

err

ito

rie

s.

Als

o

a

va

gra

nt

on

L

ord

H

ow

e

an

d

Norf

olk

Is

lan

d.

Sw

am

ps

and

ma

rsh

es,

gra

ssla

nds,

ma

rgin

s o

f ri

ve

rs a

nd

lakes,

salt p

ans,

estu

ari

ne m

ud

flats

an

d o

the

r w

etla

nd

ha

bita

ts.

No

N

o

Ard

ea

ib

is

Catt

le E

gre

t P

C

,J,

Ma

r W

idesp

read

and

com

mo

n a

cro

ss N

SW

. G

rassla

nd

s,

wo

od

ed

lan

ds a

nd

te

rre

str

ial w

etlan

ds.

No

N

o

Bo

tau

rus

po

icilo

ptilu

s

Au

str

ala

sia

n

Bitte

rn

E1

E

Fo

un

d

ove

r m

ost

of

NS

W

exce

pt

for

the

fa

r no

rth

-we

st.

Pe

rma

ne

nt

fre

sh

wa

ter

we

tla

nd

s w

ith

ta

ll, d

en

se v

eg

eta

tion,

pa

rtic

ula

rly

Typ

ha

sp

p.

(bullr

ush

es)

an

d

Ele

och

aris

sp

p.

(sp

ike

rush

es).

No

N

o

Callo

ce

pha

lon

fim

bri

atu

m

Ga

ng

-ga

ng

Cockato

o

V

In N

SW

, d

istr

ibu

ted

fro

m t

he s

ou

th-e

ast

co

ast

to t

he H

un

ter

reg

ion,

an

d i

nla

nd

to

th

e C

entr

al

Ta

ble

lan

ds a

nd

sou

th-w

est

slo

pe

s.

Iso

late

d re

co

rds know

n fr

om

a

s fa

r no

rth a

s C

offs

Harb

ou

r an

d a

s fa

r w

est a

s M

ud

ge

e. T

all

mo

un

tain

fo

rests

and

wo

od

lan

ds in

su

mm

er;

in

win

ter,

ma

y o

ccu

r a

t lo

we

r a

ltitu

des

in o

pe

n e

ucaly

pt

fore

sts

an

d w

oo

dla

nds,

and

urb

an

are

as.

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

, n

ot

po

ten

tia

l h

abita

t

Caly

pto

rhyn

ch

us

lath

am

i

Glo

ssy

Bla

ck-

Cockato

o

V

In

NS

W,

wid

esp

rea

d a

lon

g c

oa

st

an

d i

nla

nd

to

the

so

uth

ern

tab

lela

nd

s a

nd

ce

ntr

al w

este

rn p

lain

s,

with

a s

mall

pop

ula

tion

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

, n

ot

po

ten

tia

l h

abita

t

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

42

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

in t

he

Riv

erin

a.

Op

en

fo

rest

an

d w

oo

dla

nds o

f th

e c

oa

st

and

the

Gre

at

Div

idin

g R

ang

e w

he

re s

tan

ds o

f sh

eo

ak o

ccu

r.

Cerc

art

etu

s

na

nus

Ea

ste

rn

Pyg

my-

po

ssu

m

V

In N

SW

it

exte

nd

s f

rom

the

coa

st

inla

nd a

s f

ar

as t

he P

illig

a,

Dub

bo

, P

ark

es a

nd

Wag

ga

Wagg

a o

n t

he

we

ste

rn s

lop

es.

Rain

fore

st,

scle

rop

hyll

fore

st

(inclu

din

g

Bo

x-I

ron

ba

rk),

wo

od

lan

d a

nd

he

ath

.

No

N

o

Cha

lino

lob

us

dw

ye

ri

La

rge

-ea

red

Pie

d B

at

V

V

Reco

rded

fr

om

R

ockha

mpto

n

in

Qld

sou

th

to

Ulla

dulla

in

NS

W.

L

arg

est

con

cen

tra

tio

ns o

f p

opu

latio

ns occu

r in

th

e

sa

ndsto

ne

esca

rpm

en

ts o

f th

e S

yd

ne

y b

asin

an

d t

he N

SW

no

rth

-we

st

slo

pes.

Wet

an

d d

ry scle

rop

hyll

fore

sts

, C

yp

rus

Pin

e

do

min

ate

d

fore

st,

wo

od

land

, su

b-a

lpin

e

wo

od

land

,

ed

ges o

f ra

info

rests

an

d s

andsto

ne

ou

tcro

p c

ou

ntr

y.

No

N

o

Dap

ho

en

ositta

ch

ryso

pte

ra

Va

rie

d

Sitte

lla

V

D

istr

ibu

tio

n in

NS

W is n

ea

rly c

on

tinu

ous f

rom

th

e c

oa

st to

the

far

we

st.

In

hab

its e

uca

lyp

t fo

rests

an

d w

oo

dla

nd

s, m

alle

e a

nd

Aca

cia

wo

od

lan

d.

Un

like

ly

Un

like

ly,

no

t

su

ita

ble

ha

bita

t

Dasyo

rnis

bra

chyp

teru

s

Ea

ste

rn

Bri

stle

bird

E1

E

Th

ere

a

re

thre

e

main

po

pu

latio

ns:

Nort

he

rn

- sou

thern

Qld

/no

rthe

rn N

SW

, C

en

tral

- B

arr

en

Gro

un

d N

R,

Bud

de

roo

NR

, W

oro

no

ra P

late

au

, Je

rvis

B

ay N

P,

Bo

od

ere

e N

P a

nd

Be

ecro

ft

Pe

nin

sula

an

d

So

uth

ern

-

Na

dg

ee

N

R

and

Cro

ajin

ga

lon

g N

P in

th

e v

icin

ity o

f th

e N

SW

/Vic

toria

n b

ord

er.

Cen

tra

l a

nd

so

uth

ern

p

opu

latio

ns

inh

ab

it

hea

th

an

d

op

en

wo

od

lan

d w

ith

a h

ea

thy u

nd

ers

tore

y. In

no

rth

ern

NS

W, h

ab

ita

t

co

mp

rise

s o

pen

fo

rest w

ith

de

nse

tusso

cky g

rass u

nd

ers

tore

y.

No

N

o

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

43

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

Fa

lsis

tre

llus

tasm

an

ien

sis

Ea

ste

rn

Fa

lse

Pip

istr

elle

V

So

uth

-ea

st

coa

st

an

d r

an

ge

s o

f A

ustr

alia

, fr

om

sou

the

rn Q

ld

to V

icto

ria

an

d T

asm

ania

. In

N

SW

, re

co

rds e

xte

nd

to

th

e

we

ste

rn s

lop

es o

f th

e G

rea

t D

ivid

ing

Ran

ge

. T

all

(gre

ate

r th

an

20

m)

mo

ist h

ab

ita

ts.

Un

like

ly

No

, n

ot su

ita

ble

ha

bita

t

Ga

llina

go

ha

rdw

ickii

La

tham

's

Sn

ipe

P

C,J

,R,

Ma

r

Mig

ran

t to

ea

st co

ast o

f A

ustr

alia

, e

xte

nd

ing

inla

nd

we

st o

f th

e

Gre

at

Div

idin

g R

an

ge

in

NS

W. F

resh

wa

ter,

sa

line

or

bra

ckis

h

we

tla

nd

s u

p t

o 2

00

0 m

ab

ove

se

a-le

ve

l; u

sua

lly f

resh

wa

ter

sw

am

ps,

flo

od

ed

gra

ssla

nds o

r h

ea

thla

nd

s.

No

N

o

Glo

sso

psitta

pu

sill

a

Little

Lo

rike

et

V

In

NS

W,

foun

d f

rom

the

co

ast

we

stw

ard

as f

ar

as D

ub

bo a

nd

Alb

ury

. D

ry,

ope

n e

uca

lyp

t fo

rests

and

wo

od

lan

ds,

inclu

din

g

rem

nan

t w

oo

dla

nd

pa

tch

es a

nd

ro

adsid

e v

eg

eta

tion

.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Gra

ntie

lla p

icta

P

ain

ted

Hon

eye

ate

r V

Wid

ely

dis

trib

ute

d i

n N

SW

, p

red

om

inan

tly o

n t

he

in

lan

d s

ide

of

the

Gre

at

Div

idin

g R

ang

e b

ut

avo

idin

g a

rid a

rea

s.

Bo

ree

,

Bri

ga

low

an

d B

ox-G

um

Woo

dla

nd

s a

nd

Bo

x-I

ron

ba

rk F

ore

sts

.

No

N

o

Hele

iop

oru

s

au

str

alia

cus

Gia

nt

Bu

rro

win

g

Fro

g

V

V

So

uth

ea

ste

rn N

SW

an

d V

icto

ria

, in

tw

o d

istinct

po

pula

tio

ns:

a n

ort

he

rn p

op

ula

tion

in

th

e s

an

dsto

ne

ge

olo

gy o

f th

e S

yd

ney

Ba

sin

as f

ar

sou

th a

s U

llad

ulla

, a

nd

a s

ou

the

rn p

op

ula

tio

n

occu

rrin

g fro

m n

ort

h o

f N

aro

om

a th

roug

h to W

alh

alla

, V

icto

ria

.

Hea

th,

wo

od

land

an

d o

pe

n d

ry s

cle

roph

yll

fore

st

on a

va

rie

ty

of

soil

typ

es e

xce

pt

those

tha

t a

re c

lay b

ase

d.

No

N

o

Hie

raa

etu

s

mo

rph

no

ide

s

Little

Ea

gle

V

Th

rou

gh

ou

t th

e A

ustr

alia

n m

ain

lan

d,

with

th

e e

xce

ptio

n o

f th

e

mo

st

de

nse

ly-f

ore

ste

d

pa

rts

of

the

D

ivid

ing

R

ange

esca

rpm

en

t.

Op

en

e

uca

lyp

t fo

rest,

w

oo

dla

nd

o

r o

pen

wo

od

lan

d, in

clu

din

g s

he

oak o

r A

ca

cia

wo

od

lan

ds a

nd

rip

aria

n

wo

od

lan

ds o

f in

terio

r N

SW

.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

44

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

Hir

un

dap

us

ca

uda

cutu

s

White

-

thro

ate

d

Nee

dle

tail

P

C,J

,K

All

coa

sta

l re

gio

ns o

f N

SW

, in

lan

d t

o t

he

we

ste

rn s

lop

es a

nd

inla

nd

pla

ins o

f th

e G

rea

t D

ivid

e.

Occu

r m

ost

ofte

n o

ve

r o

pen

fore

st

an

d

rain

fore

st,

as

we

ll a

s

he

ath

land

, a

nd

re

mn

ant

ve

ge

tatio

n in

fa

rmla

nd

.

No

N

o

Hop

loce

pha

lus

bu

ng

aro

ide

s

Bro

ad

-

he

ad

ed

Sn

ake

E1

V

La

rge

ly c

on

fine

d t

o T

ria

ssic

an

d P

erm

ian

sa

nd

sto

nes w

ith

in

the

coa

st

and

ra

nge

s in

an

are

a w

ith

in a

pp

roxim

ate

ly 2

50

km

of

Syd

ne

y.

Dry

an

d w

et

scle

rop

hyll

fore

sts

, ri

ve

rin

e f

ore

sts

,

co

asta

l h

ea

th

sw

am

ps,

rocky

ou

tcro

ps,

he

ath

s,

gra

ssy

wo

od

lan

ds.

No

N

o

Iso

od

on

ob

esu

lus

ob

esu

lus

So

uth

ern

Bro

wn

Ba

nd

ico

ot

(ea

ste

rn)

E1

E

Fo

un

d

in

so

uth

-easte

rn

NS

W,

east

of

the

Gre

at

Div

idin

g

Ran

ge s

ou

th fro

m th

e H

aw

ke

sb

ury

Riv

er.

He

ath

or o

pe

n fo

rest

with

a h

ea

thy u

nd

ers

tore

y o

n s

an

dy o

r fr

iab

le s

oils

.

Un

like

ly

Un

like

ly

La

tha

mus

dis

co

lor

Sw

ift

Pa

rro

t E

1

E

Mig

rate

s fr

om

T

asm

an

ia to

m

ain

land

in

A

utu

mn

-Win

ter.

In

NS

W,

the s

pecie

s m

ostly o

ccurs

on

th

e c

oa

st

and

so

uth

we

st

slo

pe

s. B

ox-i

ron

ba

rk fo

rests

an

d w

oo

dla

nd

s.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Lito

ria

au

rea

Gre

en

an

d

Go

lde

n

Bell

Fro

g

E1

V

Sin

ce 1

990

, re

co

rde

d fro

m ~

50 s

ca

tte

red

sites w

ith

in it

s fo

rmer

ran

ge i

n N

SW

, fr

om

the

no

rth c

oa

st

nea

r B

run

sw

ick H

ead

s,

so

uth

a

lon

g

the

coa

st

to

Vic

toria

. R

eco

rds

exis

t w

est

to

Ba

thu

rst,

T

um

ut

and

th

e A

CT

re

gio

n.

Ma

rsh

es,

dam

s and

str

eam

-sid

es,

pa

rtic

ula

rly

tho

se

con

tain

ing

T

yp

ha

sp

p.

(bu

llru

she

s)

or

Ele

och

aris

sp

p.

(spik

eru

sh

es).

S

om

e

po

pu

latio

ns o

ccu

r in

hig

hly

dis

turb

ed

are

as.

No

N

o

Lito

ria

littlejo

hn

i L

ittle

john

's

Tre

e F

rog

V

V

Pla

teau

s a

nd

ea

ste

rn s

lop

es o

f th

e G

reat D

ivid

ing

Ran

ge

fro

m

Wata

ga

n

Sta

te

Fo

rest

so

uth

to

B

uch

an

in

V

icto

ria

. T

he

sp

ecie

s h

as n

ot

be

en

re

co

rded

in

so

uth

ern

NS

W w

ithin

the

No

N

o

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

45

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

last

de

ca

de

. B

ree

din

g

ha

bita

t is

th

e

up

pe

r re

ach

es

of

pe

rman

en

t str

ea

ms

and

p

erc

he

d

sw

am

ps.

No

n-b

ree

din

g

ha

bita

t is

he

ath

-ba

se

d fo

rests

an

d w

oo

dla

nd

s

Lito

ria

ra

nifo

rmis

S

ou

the

rn

Be

ll F

rog

E1

V

In N

SW

, o

nly

kn

ow

n t

o e

xis

t in

iso

late

d p

op

ula

tio

ns i

n t

he

Cole

am

ba

lly Ir

riga

tion

A

rea

, th

e L

ow

bid

ge

e flo

od

pla

in and

aro

un

d L

ake

Vic

toria

. A

fe

w r

ece

nt

un

co

nfirm

ed

re

co

rds h

ave

als

o b

ee

n m

ade

in

th

e M

urr

ay I

rrig

atio

n A

rea

. P

erm

an

en

t o

r

ep

hem

era

l B

lack

Bo

x/L

ign

um

/Nitre

G

oose

foo

t sw

am

ps,

Lig

num

/Typ

ha

sw

am

ps

an

d

Riv

er

Red

G

um

sw

am

ps

or

bill

ab

ong

s a

lon

g f

loo

dpla

ins a

nd

riv

er

va

lleys.

Als

o f

ou

nd i

n

irri

ga

ted

ric

e c

rop

s.

No

N

o

Me

lith

rep

tus

gu

laris g

ula

ris

Bla

ck-

ch

inn

ed

Hon

eye

ate

r

(ea

ste

rn

su

bsp

ecie

s)

V

Wid

esp

read

in

NS

W f

rom

th

e t

ab

lela

nd

s a

nd

we

ste

rn s

lop

es

of th

e G

rea

t D

ivid

ing

Ran

ge to th

e n

ort

h-w

est a

nd

ce

ntr

al-

we

st

pla

ins a

nd

th

e R

ive

rin

a.

Als

o R

ich

mo

nd

an

d C

lare

nce

Riv

er

are

as a

nd

a f

ew

sca

tte

red

site

s i

n t

he

Hun

ter,

Ce

ntr

al

Coast

an

d I

llaw

arr

a r

eg

ions.

Op

en

fore

sts

or

wo

od

lan

ds d

om

inate

d

by b

ox a

nd

iro

nba

rk e

uca

lyp

ts,

or

by s

mo

oth

-ba

rke

d g

um

s,

str

ing

yb

ark

s,

rive

r sh

eo

aks a

nd

te

a-t

ree

s.

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

, n

ot

su

ita

ble

ha

bita

t

Me

rid

olu

m

co

rneo

vire

ns

Cum

be

rla

nd

Pla

in

Lan

d

Sn

ail

E1

Are

as

of

the

Cum

be

rlan

d

Pla

in

we

st

of

Syd

ne

y,

from

Ric

hm

on

d a

nd

Win

dso

r so

uth

to P

icto

n a

nd f

rom

Liv

erp

oo

l,

we

st to

the

Haw

ke

sbu

ry a

nd N

ep

ea

n R

ive

rs a

t th

e b

ase

of th

e

Blu

e

Mo

un

tain

s.

Prim

ari

ly

inh

ab

its

Cum

be

rla

nd

Pla

in

Wood

lan

d.

Als

o k

no

wn

fro

m S

ha

le G

ravel T

ran

sitio

n F

ore

sts

,

Castle

rea

gh

Sw

am

p W

oo

dla

nd

s a

nd

th

e m

arg

ins o

f R

ive

r-flat

Eu

ca

lyp

t F

ore

st.

Po

ten

tia

l

Un

like

ly,

all

po

ten

tia

l h

abita

t

wa

s s

ea

rch

ed

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

46

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

Me

rop

s o

rna

tus

Rain

bo

w

Be

e-e

ate

r P

J

Dis

trib

ute

d

acro

ss

much

of

ma

inla

nd

A

ustr

alia

, in

clu

din

g

NS

W.

Ope

n fo

rests

an

d w

ood

lan

ds,

sh

rub

lan

ds,

farm

lan

d,

are

as o

f h

um

an

ha

bita

tio

n,

inla

nd a

nd

co

asta

l sa

nd

d

une

syste

ms, h

ea

thla

nd

, se

dge

land

, vin

e fo

rest

and

vin

e th

icket.

Un

like

ly

Un

like

ly,

no

t

su

ita

ble

ha

bita

t

Min

iop

teru

s

sch

reib

ers

ii

oce

an

ensis

Ea

ste

rn

Be

ntw

ing

-

ba

t

V

In N

SW

it

occu

rs o

n b

oth

sid

es o

f th

e G

rea

t D

ivid

ing

Ran

ge,

fro

m t

he c

oast

inla

nd t

o M

ore

e,

Dubb

o a

nd

Wag

ga

Wag

ga.

Rain

fore

st, w

et

and

dry

scle

rop

hyll

fore

st, m

on

so

on fo

rest,

op

en

wo

od

lan

d, p

ape

rba

rk f

ore

sts

an

d o

pen

gra

ssla

nd

.

Po

ten

tia

l Y

es

Mo

na

rch

a

me

lan

opsis

Bla

ck-f

ace

d

Mo

na

rch

P

B

on

n,

Ma

r

In N

SW

, occu

rs a

roun

d t

he

ea

ste

rn s

lop

es a

nd

ta

ble

lan

ds o

f

the

Gre

at D

ivid

e, in

lan

d to C

outt

s C

rossin

g, A

rmid

ale

, W

idd

en

Va

lley,

Wolle

mi

Natio

nal

Pa

rk a

nd

Wom

be

ya

n C

ave

s.

It i

s

rare

ly

reco

rde

d

fart

he

r in

land

. R

ain

fore

st,

o

pe

n

eucaly

pt

fore

sts

, d

ry

scle

roph

yll

fore

sts

a

nd

w

oo

dla

nd

s,

gu

llie

s

in

mo

unta

in a

reas o

r co

asta

l fo

oth

ills,

Brig

alo

w s

cru

b,

co

asta

l

scru

b,

ma

ng

rove

s,

pa

rks a

nd

ga

rde

ns.

Po

ten

tia

l U

nlik

ely

, n

ot

su

ita

ble

ha

bita

t

Mo

na

rch

a

triv

irg

atu

s

Sp

ecta

cle

d

Mo

na

rch

P

B

on

n,

Ma

r

Coa

sta

l ea

ste

rn A

ustr

alia

sou

th to

P

ort

S

teph

ens in

NS

W.

Mo

un

tain

/lo

wla

nd

ra

info

rest,

wo

od

ed

g

ulli

es,

rip

arian

ve

ge

tatio

n in

clu

din

g m

an

gro

ves.

No

N

o

Mo

rmo

pte

rus

no

rfo

lke

nsis

Ea

ste

rn

Fre

eta

il-b

at

V

F

ou

nd a

lon

g t

he

ea

st

co

ast

from

so

uth

Qld

to s

ou

the

rn N

SW

.

Dry

scle

roph

yll

fore

st,

w

oo

dla

nd

, sw

am

p

fore

sts

a

nd

ma

ng

rove

fo

rests

east

of

the G

rea

t D

ivid

ing

Ra

ng

e.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Mo

tacill

a fla

va

Ye

llow

Wagta

il P

C

,J,K

Reg

ula

r su

mm

er

mig

ran

t to

mo

stly c

oa

sta

l A

ustr

alia

. In

NS

W

reco

rde

d S

yd

ne

y to

New

ca

stle, th

e H

aw

ke

sbu

ry a

nd

in

lan

d in

the

B

og

an

L

GA

. S

wa

mp

m

arg

ins,

se

wa

ge

p

ond

s,

sa

ltm

ars

hes,

pla

yin

g fie

lds,

airfie

lds, p

loug

hed

lan

d, la

wn

s.

No

N

o

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

47

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

Myia

gra

cyan

ole

uca

Sa

tin

Fly

ca

tch

er

P

Bo

nn

, M

ar

In N

SW

, w

idesp

rea

d on

an

d e

ast

of

the

G

rea

t D

ivid

e a

nd

sp

ars

ely

sca

tte

red

on th

e w

este

rn s

lop

es, w

ith

ve

ry o

cca

sio

na

l

reco

rds o

n t

he

we

ste

rn p

lain

s.

Eu

ca

lyp

t-do

min

ate

d f

ore

sts

,

esp

ecia

lly

nea

r w

etla

nds,

wa

terc

ou

rse

s,

an

d

he

avily

-

ve

ge

tate

d g

ulli

es.

No

N

o

Myo

tis

ma

cro

pus

So

uth

ern

Myo

tis

V

In N

SW

, fo

un

d in

th

e c

oasta

l ba

nd

. It is

ra

rely

fo

un

d m

ore

than

10

0 k

m in

lan

d,

exce

pt

alo

ng

ma

jor

rive

rs.

Fo

rag

ing

ha

bita

t is

wa

terb

od

ies (

inclu

din

g s

tre

am

s,

or

lakes o

r re

se

rvo

irs)

and

frin

gin

g a

reas o

f ve

ge

tatio

n u

p t

o 2

0m

.

No

N

o

Nin

ox s

tren

ua

Po

we

rfu

l

Ow

l V

In N

SW

, it is w

ide

ly d

istr

ibu

ted t

hro

ug

hou

t th

e e

aste

rn f

ore

sts

fro

m t

he c

oa

st

inla

nd t

o t

able

lan

ds,

with

sca

tte

red

re

co

rds o

n

the

we

ste

rn s

lop

es a

nd

pla

ins.

Wood

lan

d,

op

en

scle

roph

yll

fore

st, t

all

op

en

we

t fo

rest a

nd r

ain

fore

st.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Pe

tro

gale

pe

nic

illa

ta

Bru

sh

-ta

iled

Rock-

wa

llab

y

E1

V

In N

SW

th

ey o

ccu

r fr

om

th

e Q

ld b

ord

er

in t

he

no

rth

to

the

Sh

oa

lha

ve

n

in

the

sou

th,

with

th

e

pop

ula

tion

in

th

e

Warr

um

bu

ngle

R

ang

es

be

ing

th

e

we

ste

rn

limit.

Ro

cky

esca

rpm

en

ts,

ou

tcro

ps

an

d

clif

fs

with

a

p

refe

ren

ce

fo

r

co

mp

lex s

tru

ctu

res w

ith

fis

su

res, ca

ve

s a

nd

le

dg

es.

No

N

o

Pe

tro

ica

bo

od

an

g

Sca

rlet

Rob

in

V

In

NS

W,

it o

ccu

rs f

rom

th

e c

oa

st

to t

he

in

land

slo

pes.

Dry

eu

caly

pt

fore

sts

an

d w

oo

dla

nd

s,

an

d o

ccasio

na

lly i

n m

alle

e,

we

t fo

rest,

we

tla

nd

s a

nd

te

a-t

ree

sw

am

ps.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Ph

asco

larc

tos

cin

ere

us

Ko

ala

V

V

In N

SW

it

ma

inly

occu

rs o

n t

he

ce

ntr

al an

d n

ort

h c

oa

sts

with

so

me

po

pu

latio

ns i

n t

he

we

st

of

the

Gre

at

Div

idin

g R

ang

e.

Th

ere

a

re sp

ars

e an

d p

ossib

ly d

isju

nct

po

pula

tio

ns in

th

e

Be

ga

Dis

tric

t, a

nd

at se

ve

ral site

s o

n th

e s

ou

the

rn ta

ble

land

s.

Eu

ca

lyp

t w

oo

dla

nds a

nd

fore

sts

.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

48

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

Pse

udo

mys

no

vae

holla

nd

iae

New

Holla

nd

Mo

use

P

V

Fra

gm

en

ted

d

istr

ibu

tio

n

acro

ss

easte

rn

NS

W.

Op

en

he

ath

lan

ds,

wo

od

land

s

an

d

fore

sts

w

ith

a

hea

thla

nd

un

de

rsto

rey,

ve

ge

tate

d s

an

d d

un

es.

No

N

o

Pse

udo

ph

ryn

e

au

str

alis

Red

-

cro

wn

ed

To

ad

let

V

Con

fin

ed

to

th

e S

yd

ne

y B

asin

, fr

om

Pokolb

in in

th

e n

ort

h,

the

Now

ra a

rea

to

the

so

uth

, a

nd

we

st

to M

t V

icto

ria

in

th

e B

lue

Mo

un

tain

s.

Op

en

fo

rests

, m

ostly

on

H

aw

ke

sbu

ry

and

Narr

ab

een

S

and

sto

nes.

Inh

ab

its

pe

rio

dic

ally

w

et

dra

ina

ge

lines b

elo

w s

an

dsto

ne

rid

ges t

ha

t o

ften

ha

ve

sha

le le

nse

s o

r

ca

ppin

gs.

No

N

o

Pte

rop

us

po

liocep

halu

s

Gre

y-

he

ad

ed

Fly

ing

-fo

x

V

V

Alo

ng

th

e e

aste

rn c

oast of A

ustr

alia

, fr

om

Bu

nd

ab

erg

in Q

ld to

Me

lbo

urn

e in

Vic

tori

a.

Su

btr

opic

al a

nd

te

mp

era

te r

ain

fore

sts

,

tall

scle

roph

yll

fore

sts

and

wo

od

lan

ds, he

ath

s a

nd

sw

am

ps a

s

we

ll a

s u

rba

n g

ard

en

s a

nd

cu

ltiv

ate

d f

ruit c

rops.

No

N

o

Rhip

idu

ra

rufifr

on

s

Rufo

us

Fa

nta

il P

B

on

n,

Ma

r

Coa

sta

l a

nd

ne

ar

co

asta

l dis

tric

ts o

f n

ort

he

rn an

d e

aste

rn

Au

str

alia

, in

clu

din

g o

n a

nd

east

of

the

Gre

at

Div

ide

in

NS

W.

Wet scle

rop

hyll

fore

sts

, su

btr

op

ical a

nd

te

mpe

rate

ra

info

rests

.

So

me

tim

es d

rie

r scle

roph

yll

fore

sts

an

d w

oo

dla

nd

s.

No

N

o

Rostr

atu

la

au

str

alis

Au

str

alia

n

Pa

inte

d

Sn

ipe

E1

E

, M

ar

In N

SW

m

ost

reco

rds a

re fr

om

th

e M

urr

ay-D

arl

ing

B

asin

.

Oth

er

rece

nt

reco

rds in

clu

de w

etla

nd

s o

n th

e H

aw

ke

sbu

ry

Riv

er

an

d t

he

Cla

ren

ce

and

lo

we

r H

un

ter

Va

lleys.

Sw

am

ps,

da

ms a

nd

nea

rby m

ars

hy a

reas.

No

N

o

Sa

cco

laim

us

fla

viv

en

tris

Ye

llow

-

be

llie

d

Sh

ea

thta

il-

ba

t

V

Th

ere

are

sca

tte

red r

eco

rds o

f th

is s

pe

cie

s a

cro

ss t

he N

ew

En

gla

nd

Ta

ble

lan

ds a

nd

Nort

h W

est

Slo

pe

s.

Ra

re v

isito

r in

late

sum

me

r a

nd a

utu

mn

to

so

uth

-we

ste

rn N

SW

. A

lmo

st

all

ha

bita

ts,

inclu

din

g

we

t a

nd

dry

scle

rop

hyll

fore

st,

o

pen

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Pro

po

se

d r

ez

on

ing

of A

mu

nd

se

n S

tre

et,

Le

um

ea

h –

Flo

ra

an

d F

au

na

As

se

ss

me

nt

© E

CO

LO

GIC

AL

AU

ST

RA

LIA

PT

Y L

TD

49

Scie

ntific n

am

e

Com

mon

na

me

TS

C A

ct

sta

tus

EP

BC

Act

sta

tus

Dis

trib

utio

n

Hab

ita

t

Lik

elih

oo

d o

f occu

rre

nce

Pre

-su

rve

y

Po

st-

su

rve

y

wo

od

lan

d,

ope

n c

ou

ntr

y,

ma

llee

, ra

info

rests

, h

ea

thla

nd

and

wa

terb

od

ies.

Sco

tean

ax

rue

pp

elli

i

Gre

ate

r

Bro

ad

-

no

sed

Ba

t

V

Bo

th s

ides o

f th

e g

rea

t d

ivid

e,

fro

m t

he

Ath

ert

on

Ta

ble

land

in

Qld

to

no

rth

-ea

ste

rn V

icto

ria

, m

ain

ly a

long

riv

er

syste

ms a

nd

gu

llie

s.

In

N

SW

it

is

wid

esp

read

on

th

e

Ne

w

En

gla

nd

Ta

ble

land

s.

Wood

lan

d,

mo

ist

and

d

ry

euca

lyp

t fo

rest

and

rain

fore

st.

Po

ten

tia

l P

ote

ntia

l

Tri

ng

a n

ebu

laria

C

om

mon

Gre

en

sha

nk

P

C,J

,K

Su

mm

er

mig

ran

t to

A

ustr

alia

. R

eco

rde

d

in

most

co

asta

l

reg

ions o

f N

SW

; als

o w

ide

sp

rea

d w

est

of

the

Gre

at

Div

idin

g

Ran

ge

, e

spe

cia

lly b

etw

ee

n t

he

Lach

lan

an

d M

urr

ay R

ive

rs

an

d the

Darl

ing

Riv

er

dra

ina

ge b

asin

, in

clu

din

g the

Ma

cq

ua

rie

Ma

rsh

es,

an

d

no

rth

-we

st

reg

ions.

Te

rre

str

ial

we

tla

nds

(sw

am

ps,

lake

s,

dam

s,

rive

rs,

cre

eks,

bill

ab

ong

s,

wa

terh

ole

s

an

d i

nun

da

ted f

loo

dpla

ins,

cla

yp

an

s,

saltfla

ts,

se

wa

ge

fa

rms

an

d saltw

ork

s d

am

s,

inun

da

ted

ri

ce

cro

ps a

nd

b

ore

s)

and

sh

elte

red c

oa

sta

l h

abita

ts (

mud

fla

ts,

saltm

ars

h,

ma

ng

roves,

em

ba

ym

en

ts,

ha

rbo

urs

, ri

ve

r e

stu

ari

es,

deltas,

lag

oon

s,

tida

l

po

ols

, ro

ck-f

lats

an

d r

ock p

latfo

rms).

No

N

o



Appendix C - Vegetation conservation significance

Vegetation condition

Table 5: NPWS Vegetation of the Cumberland Plain condition classes (NPWS 2002)

ELA

condition

category

Code Area

(ha)

Crown cover projection

density Description

Good A > 0.5 >10%

Relatively intact native tree canopy. Dominant

canopy and understorey species identified.

Moderate

B > 5 5% - 10%

Larger areas of remnant vegetation with a low or

discontinuous canopy. Often found on the disturbed

edges of larger remnants. Assessed to identify the

dominant canopy species only, and understorey

characteristic not assessed.

Low

TX > 0.5 <10%

Areas of native trees with very discontinuous

canopy cover.

Tree cover only with agriculture but no major urban

or suburban development.

TXr > 0.5 <10% Areas of Tx (as above) located in areas where there

rural residential development.

TXu > 0.5 <10% Areas of Tx (as above) located where the dominant

land use is urban (residential/industrial etc).

Source: Table 4 in the Interpretation Guidelines for the Native Vegetation Maps of the Cumberland Plain Western Sydney (NPWS

2002).



Commonwealth condition criteria – CPW

CPW vegetation within the study area did not meet the criteria in Table 6. The listing advice and condition

thresholds for Cumberland Plain Shale Woodlands and Shale-Gravel Transition Forest under the EPBC

Act differ from that for CPW under the TSC Act. Condition is assigned based on patch size and perennial

understorey cover.

Table 6: Condition thresholds for patches that meet the listing advice for Cumberland Plain Shale Woodlands and Shale-Gravel Transition Forest critically endangered ecological community

Category and rationale Thresholds

A. Core thresholds that apply under most

circumstances: patches with an understorey dominated by natives and a minimum size that is functional and consistent with the minimum mapping unit size applied in NSW.

Minimum patch3 size is ≥0.5ha;

AND

≥50% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover4 is made up of native species.

OR

B. Larger patches which are

inherently valuable due to their rarity.

The patch size is ≥5ha;

AND

≥30% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover is made up of native species.

OR

C. Patches with connectivity to

other large native vegetation remnants in the landscape.

The patch size is ≥0.5 ha;

AND

≥30% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover is made up of native species; AND The patch is contiguous5 with a native

vegetation remnant (any native vegetation where cover in each layer present is dominated by native species) that is ≥5ha in area.

OR

D. Patches that have large mature trees or

trees with hollows (habitat) that are very scarce on the Cumberland Plain.

The patch size is ≥0.5 ha in size; AND ≥30% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover is made up of native species; AND

The patch has at least one tree with hollows per hectare or at least one large tree (≥80 cm dbh) per hectare from the upper tree layer species outlined in the Description and Appendix A.

3

A patch is defined as a discrete and continuous area that comprises the ecological community, outlined in the

Description. Patches should be assessed at a scale of 0.04 ha or equivalent (e.g. 20m x 20m plot). The number of

plots (or quadrats or survey transects) per patch must take into consideration the size, shape and condition across

the site. Permanent man-made structures, such as roads and buildings, are typically excluded from a patch but a

patch may include small-scale disturbances, such as tracks or breaks or other small-scale variations in native

vegetation that do not significantly alter the overall functionality of the ecological community, for instance the easy

movement of wildlife or dispersal of spores, seeds and other plant propagules. 4

Perennial understorey vegetation cover includes vascular plant species of the ground and shrub layers (as outlined

in the Description and Appendix A) with a life-cycle of more than two growing seasons (Australian Biological

Resources Study, 2007). Measurements of perennial understorey vegetation cover exclude annuals, cryptogams,

leaf litter or exposed soil (although these are included in a patch of the ecological community when they do not alter

functionality as per footnote 3 and the Description and Condition Thresholds are met). 5

Contiguous means the woodland patch is continuous with, or in close proximity (within 100 m), of another patch of vegetation that is dominated by native species in each vegetation layer present.

Source: DEWHA (2009) Advice to the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts from the Threatened Species Scientific

Committee (the Committee) on an Amendment to the List of Threatened Ecological Communities under the Environment Protection

and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).



Commonwealth condition criteria – SSTF

SSTF vegetation within the study area did meet the criteria in Table 7. The listing advice and condition

thresholds for STTF under the EPBC Act differ from that for SSTF under the TSC Act. Condition is

assigned based on patch size and perennial understorey cover.

Table 7: Condition thresholds for patches that meet the listing advice for SSTF critically endangered ecological community

Category and Rationale Thresholds

A. Moderate condition class

Represented by medium to large-

size patch as part of a larger native

vegetation remnant and/or with

mature trees

Patch size >0.5ha

And

>30% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover is made up of native

species.

And

The patch is contiguous with a

native vegetation remnant (any

native vegetation where cover in

each layer present is dominated

by native species) >1ha in area

Or The patch has at least one tree

with hollows or at least one large

locally indigenous tree (>80cm

dbh).

B. Moderate condition class

Represented by medium to large

size patch with high quality native

understorey

Patch size >0.5ha

And

>50% of the perennial understorey vegetation cover is made up of

native species.

C. High condition class

Represented by medium to large

size patch with very high quality

native understorey

Patch size >0.5ha

And


species

D. High condition class

Represented by larger size patch

with high quality native understorey

Patch size >2ha

And


species.

Perennial understorey vegetation cover includes vascular plant species of both the ground layer and mid/shrub

layer (where present) with a lifecycle of more than two growing seasons. Measurements of perennial

understorey vegetation cover exclude annuals, cryptogams, leaf litter or exposed soil.

Contiguous means the patch of the ecological community is continuous with, or in close proximity (within 100 m)

to another area of vegetation that is dominated by native species in each vegetation layer present.

Source: Department of Environment (2014) Approved Conservation Advice (including listing advice) for Shale Sandstone Transition

Forest of the Sydney Basin Bioregion.



Vegetation recovery potential

Table 8: Recovery potential matrix

Current Condition

And Landuse

Past Landuse

And Disturbance Soil Condition Vegetation

Recovery

Potential

Cleared (no

woodland canopy)

Recently cleared

(<2 years)

Unmodified or largely natural.

Uncultivated

Native dominated High

Exotic dominated Moderate

Modified. Heavily cultivated

and/or pasture improved

and/or existing grazing.

Imported material

Native dominated Moderate

Exotic dominated Low

Historically

cleared (>2

years) and

consistently

managed as

cleared


Uncultivated

Native dominated Moderate





Imported material

Either Very low

Wooded/native

canopy present or

regenerating

No recent

clearing of

understorey


Uncultivated

Native understorey

relatively intact or in

advanced state of

regeneration. Native

dominant

High

Native understory

significantly structurally

modified absent of

largely absent includes

areas dominated African

Olive.

Moderate


Moderately modified by long

term grazing or slashing Native dominated Low




Imported material

Native understorey

present. Heavily weed

invaded

Very low

Native understorey

significantly structurally

modified, absent or

largely absent.

Disturbed Native dominated Moderate



Current Condition

And Landuse

Past Landuse

And Disturbance Soil Condition Vegetation

Recovery

Potential

Understorey

patchily intact Exotic dominated Low

Recent clearing

of understorey

and or native

understorey

significantly

structurally

modified due to

existing landuse

(e.g.

slashing/grazing)


Uncultivated

Native dominated. If no

vegetation present,

assume native

dominated

High

Exotic dominated Moderate




Imported material

Native dominated Low

Exotic dominated Very low



Appendix D - Flora recorded during field survey

Family Species Common Name

Acanthaceae Brunoniella australis Blue Trumpet

Anacardiaceae *Schinus areira Pepper Tree

Apiaceae Daucus glochidiatus Native Carrot

Apocynaceae *Araujia sericifera Moth Vine

Arecaceae *Syagrus romanzoffiana Cocos Palm

Asparagaceae

*Asparagus aethiopicus Asparagus Fern

*Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper

Asteraceae

*Bidens pilosa Cobbler's Pegs

*Conyza spp. A Fleabane

*Facelis retusa

*Gamochaeta spicata Cudweed

*Hypochaeris radicata Catsear

*Senecio madagascariensis Fireweed

*Taraxacum officinale Dandelion

Bignoniaceae *Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda

Caryophyllaceae *Paronychia brasiliana Chilean Whitlow Wort

Chenopodiaceae

Einadia hastata Berry Saltbush

Einadia nutans Climbing Saltbush

Convolvulaceae Dichondra repens Kidney Weed

Cupressaceae *Cupressus spp.

Cyperaceae Carex inversa Knob Sedge

Fabaceae (Faboideae)

Desmodium varians Slender Tick-trefoil

Glycine tabacina Variable Glycine

Hardenbergia violacea False Sarsaparilla

*Trifolium repens White Clover

Fabaceae (Mimosoideae)

Acacia decurrens Black Wattle

Acacia implexa Hickory Wattle

Hamamelidaceae *Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum

Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush

Lythraceae *Lagerstroemia indica

Malvaceae

*Modiola caroliniana Red-flowered Mallow

*Sida rhombifolia Paddy's Lucerne

Myrsinaceae *Anagallis arvensis Scarlet Pimpernel

Myrtaceae

#Acmena spp.

#Callistemon viminalis Weeping Bottlebrush

Eucalyptus crebra Narrow-leaved Ironbark

Eucalyptus eugenioides Thin-leaved Stringybark

Eucalyptus moluccana Grey Box

Eucalyptus tereticornis Forest Red Gum

Oleaceae

*Ligustrum lucidum Large-leaved Privet

*Olea europaea subsp. cuspidata African Olive



Family Species Common Name

Pinaceae *Pinus spp.

Pittosporaceae Bursaria spinosa Native Blackthorn

Plantaginaceae *Plantago lanceolata Lamb's Tongues

Poaceae

Aristida ramosa Purple Wiregrass

Aristida vagans Threeawn Speargrass

Austrostipa spp. A Speargrass

*Avena barbata Bearded Oats

*Axonopus fissifolius Narrow-leafed Carpet Grass

*Chloris gayana Rhodes Grass

Cymbopogon refractus Barbed Wire Grass

*Cynodon dactylon Common Couch

Echinopogon ovatus Forest Hedgehog Grass

*Ehrharta erecta Panic Veldtgrass

*Eleusine tristachya Goose Grass

Entolasia stricta Wiry Panic

Eragrostis brownii Brown's Lovegrass

*Lolium perenne Perennial Ryegrass

Microlaena stipoides Weeping Grass

Panicum effusum Hairy Panic

*Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum

*Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu Grass

*Sporobolus africanus Parramatta Grass

Sporobolus creber Slender Rat's Tail Grass

Santalaceae Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballart

NB: An ‘*’ preceding the species name indicates an exotic species

A ‘#’ preceding the species name indicates a non-local native species



Appendix E - Fauna recorded during field survey

Common name Species name

Rainbow lorikeet Trichoglossus moluccanus

Australian magpie Cracticus tibicen

Laughing kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae

Eastern rosella Platycercus eximius

Indian myna Acridotheres tristis

Noisy myna Manorina melanocephala

Eastern common toadlet Crinia signifera*

Magpie lark Grallina cyanoleuca

Torresian crow Corvus orru

Masked lapwing Vanellus miles

Sulphur-crested cockatoo Cacatua galerita*

Eastern Bentwing Bat Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis

*heard but not observed

There were at least five species identified in this survey. This includes one species, Miniopterus

schreibersii oceanensis, which is listed as vulnerable under the TSC Act



Appendix F - Anabat Results

Methods

Two anabat units were placed within the subject area (Figure 3) and recorded data on 7 and 8

June 2016 (four anabat survey nights in total).

Bat calls were analysed by Dr Rodney Armistead using the program AnalookW (Version 3.8 25

October 2012, written by Chris Corben, www.hoarybat.com). Call identifications were made using

regional based guides to the echolocation calls of microbats in New South Wales (Pennay et al.

2004); and south-east Queensland and north-east New South Wales (Reinhold et al. 2001) and the

accompanying reference library of over 200 calls from north-eastern NSW, which is available at:

http://www.forest.nsw.gov.au/research/bats/default.asp.

Bat calls are analysed using species-specific parameters of the call profile such as call shape,

characteristic frequency, initial slope and time between calls (Rinehold et al. 2001). To ensure

reliable and accurate results, the following protocols (adapted from Lloyd et. al. 2006) were

followed:

Search phase calls were used in the analysis, rather than cruise phase calls or feeding

buzzes (McKenzie et al. 2002)

Recordings containing less than three pulses were not analysed and these sequences

were labelled as short (Law et al. 1999)

Four categories of confidence in species identification were used (Mills et al. 1996):

o Definite / positive identification – identity not in doubt

o Probable – low probability of confusion with species of similar call profiles

o Possible – medium to high probability of confusion with species that have similar

call profiles

o Unidentifiable – calls made by bats which cannot be identified to even a species

group.

Nyctophilus spp. are difficult to identify confidently from their calls, thus no attempt was

made to identify this genus to species level (Pennay et al. 2004)

Sequences not attributed to microbat echolocation calls were labelled as non-bat calls or

junk, and do not represent microbat activity at the site

Sequences labelled as low were of poor quality and therefore not able to be identified to

any microbat species. They can however be used as an indicator of microbat activity at the

site.

http://www.hoarybat.com/

http://www.forest.nsw.gov.au/research/bats/default.asp



Results

There were 84 sequences recorded by the two anabat detectors over two nights. Of the sequences

submitted, 42 (50%) were of sufficient quality or length to enable positive identified to genus or species.

The remaining 42 sequences were either to short or of low quality, thus preventing positive identification.

There were at least five species identified in this survey. This includes one species, Miniopterus

schreibersii oceanensis (Eastern Bentwing Bat), which is listed as vulnerable under the TSC Act (Table

9; Table 11; and Figure 11 - Figure 15).

The most commonly recorded species was the threatened Eastern Bentwing Bat (Table 10 and Table

11).

Microbat activity levels were generally low. The greatest activity levels occurred between midnight and

0200 (am). Only a few calls were recorded outside this time period. Generally, single calls were recorded

at random times. Very few identifiable calls were recorded on SN81781. Despite this, there were

numerous low and short calls, suggested that microbats were active nearby.

The calls that were recorded during this survey were generally of poor quality and often difficult to

interpret. A small number of feeding buzzes where recorded, mostly from the Eastern Bentwing Bat were

observed among this recorded data. This indicated that foraging active was occurring during this survey.

Concluding remarks

The species diversity and activity levels were generally low. This may have been due to the time of year

in which the survey was conducted. During the colder winter temperatures, many microbat species

alternate between periods (up to two weeks) of torpor (periods of low metabolic rates) and low activity

(Churchill 2008).

However, it cannot be discounted that the low species diversity and activity levels may have been also

been in response to the disturbed nature of the subject site.

Survey Limitations

Calls were only positively identified when defining characteristics were present such as call shape and

when the characteristic frequency allowed discrimination of a species. In this survey, there were a number

of species call profile that due to similarities among species could not be positively identify to species

level. Where this was apparent, these species with similar call profiles were lump together into groups of

two or three potential species depending on the recorded and defining all call characteristics. These calls

were assigned to the lowest certainty level of ‘possible’ (Table 9 - Table 11).

The calls of Chalinolobus morio (Chocolate Wattled Bat) and Vespadelus vulturnus (Little Forest Bat) can

be difficult to separate in the range 50.5 – 53 kHz. Calls were identified as C. morio when a down-

sweeping tail was present within the call profiles (Figure 12). Alternatively, calls with up-sweeping tails

that an end frequency below 51 kHz were generally identified as Little Forest Bat. When no distinguishing

characteristics were present within the calls, they were assigned as Chocolate Wattled Bat / Little Forest

Bat (Figure 15).



Table 9. Microbat species recorded during the Leumeah survey, 7 and 8 June 2016

Species Name Common Name

SN81781 SN81997

Positively identified

Possibly present

Positively identified

Possibly present

Chalinolobus gouldii Gould's Wattled

Bat X

Chalinolobus morio Chocolate Wattled

Bat X

Miniopterus schreibersii (orianae) oceanensis*

Eastern Bentwing Bat

X X

Nyctophilus spp.* Long-eared Bats X

Vespadelus vulturnus Little Forest Bat X

Species Diversity (Positive identification)

1 3

Species Diversity (Possible) 1 1

Total 2 4

*with bold text indicate threatened species listed under the TSC Act

Table 10: Anabat results for SN81781 between 7 and 8 June 2016 (two survey nights)

Species Name Common name Positively

identified Potential Possible Total

Chalinolobus morio Chocolate Wattled Bat 1 0 0 1

Miniopterus schreibersii

(orianae) oceanensis* Eastern Bentwing Bat 0 5 3 8

Low 30

Short 3

Total 12

Usable calls 45

Percentage usable calls 26.66667

* Threatened species

Table 11: Anabat results for SN81997, 7 and 8 June 2016 (two survey nights)



Chalinolobus gouldii Goulds Wattled

Bat 0 1 0 1

Chalinolobus morio Chocolate Wattled

Bat 2 3 0 5

Chalinolobus morio / Vespadelus

vulturnus

Chocolate Wattled

Bat / Little Forest

Bat

0 0 1 1





Miniopterus schreibersii (orianae)

oceanensis*

Eastern

Bentwing Bat 19 2 1 22

Nyctophilus spp. Long-eared Bat 1 0 0 1

Low 1

Short 8

Useable calls 30

Total Calls 39

Percentage usable calls 76.92

* Threatened species



Call profile data

Figure 11: Call profile for Goulds Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii) recorded on SN81997 at 23.27 (pm), 08 June 2016

Figure 12: Call profile for Chocolate Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus morio) recorded on SN81781 at 18.48 (pm),08 June 2016

Figure 13: Call profile for Eastern Bentwing Bat (Miniopterus schreibersii (orianae) oceanensis*) recorded on SN81997 at 00:53 (am), 08 June 2016



Figure 14: Call profile for Large-eared Bat (Nyctophilus spp.) recorded on SN81997 at 01:02 (am), 09 June 2016

Figure 15: Possible call profile for Chocolate Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus morio) / Little Forest Bat (Vespadelus vulturnus) recorded on SN81997 at 08.37 (am), 9 June 2016



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