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Global Eco-tech
What is Green Really?
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What is Green Really?
“..meeting the needs of the people today without destroying the resources that will be needed … by the persons in the future”
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Sustainability Concepts
Water Efficiency Energy Conservation Atmosphere Integrity Air Quality Considerations
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Interesting Atmospheric Facts
1,000 Kw hours of electricity = 0.5 ton of CO2 1,000 Cuft of natural gas = 0.1 ton of CO2 1,000 gallons of propane gas = 6.5 tons of CO2 1,000 lbs of solid waste = 1.5 tons CO2 1,000 gallons of gasoline = 9.75 tons of CO2
Three trees are needed to offset each ton of CO2 emitted.
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Average Environmental Impacts of Buildings
65% of electricity consumption~175 billion $ per yr 36% of total energy use~15.4 Quadrillion (15th pwr) Btu/yr 30% of greenhouse gas emissions 30% raw materials use 30% waste output ~ 136+ millions tons/yr 12% of potable water consumption
Source: The US Green Building Council, 2006
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Why Green Up?
U.S. consumers utilize more resources per capita
than any other people worldwide
20,000 tons of active materials annuallywood-fuel-steel-glass-cement-plastic
90% of these materials become waste in less than 1 year
1992 study by the US Office of Technology
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Advantages of a Green Building
Higher resale value Lower utility costs Better indoor air quality (less health issues) Less waste of natural resources Less atmospheric impact
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Building Tour
The outside: Site is suited to take advantage of mass transit Protective of existing landscape and natural features Plant selection that requires less water and fertility Position landscaping to maximize climatic advantage Utilize recycled service drive materials Provide for recycling of building waste materials
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Building Tour
The energy use: Building shape and orientation to maximize solar energy Strategy to utilize natural lighting Motion sensor and diming lighting features Task lighting and a reduction of overhead lighting Sequential and rotating security lighting controls Light fixture and bulb selection to maximize efficiency
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Building Tour
The energy use: Properly sized and balanced heating/cooling systems Building colours that maximize energy efficiency Side wall and ceiling insulation with high R-values Minimize and balance energy loads on wiring circuits Utilize energy star appliances Provision for utilizing alternative energy sources Forced air ducts in conditioned air space
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Building Tour
Building material use: Low toxicity or harmful off gassing materials/coverings Recyclable and durable furnishings Materials and furnishings sourced locally Dimensional room sizing to maximize materials
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Building Tour
Water efficiency: Utilizes recycled water and/or gray water for irrigation Utilizes water conservation fixtures Centralized hot water distribution system Point-of-use hot water system for distant locations Provision for solar water heating assistance Established water use budgets and in-house metering
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Building Tour
Health and safety aspects: Provides adequate ventilation Frequent duct cleaning and/or inspection Filtering of outside air entering the building Controlled interior humidity to minimize mold growth Reduction of airborne particulates Scheduled building air quality monitoring programs
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Green Features
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GeoTherm Controls
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Purely Economics
Implement an energy conservation code~$58 million Install energy efficient windows~$1.1 billion Weatherization and air leaks~$1.9 billion Foundation thermal insulation~$2.1 billion Improved indoor air quality~$100 per sq ft
Societal savings value per year
Source: Alliance to Save Energy (ASE)
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It’s about conservation STUPID!
first law of thermodynamics which states that although energy can be converted from one form to another, the total amount of energy does not change (also referred to as conservation of energy).
In other words, energy cannot be created or destroyed.
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To Conserve is to Understand
Energy = power X time
Energy is the measure of power used Kilowatts per hour (kWh) Monthly totals of kWh is called Demand
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Existing Example
100 X 60 watt incandescent light bulbs = 6,000 watts 6,000 watts X 8 hours per day = 48,000 watt hrs/day 48,000 watts X 5 days per wk = 240,000 watt hrs/wk 240,000 watts X 52 wks = 12,480,000 watts per year 12,480,000 watts / 1,000 watts = 12,480 kilowatt hrs/yr 12,480 kWh X $0.108 per kWh = $1,348 per year
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Conservation Example
100 X 15 watt fluorescent light bulbs = 1,500 watts 1,500 watts X 8 hours per day = 12,000 watt hrs/day 12,000 watts X 5 days per wk = 60,000 watt hrs/wk 60,000 watts X 52 wks = 3,120,000 watts per year 3,120,000 watts / 1,000 watts = 3,120 kilowatt hrs/yr 3,120 kWh X $0.108 per kWh = $337 per year
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Existing vs Conservation
100 X 60 watt incandescent light bulbs = 12,480 kWh
$1,348 per year 100 X 15 watt fluorescent light bulbs = 3,120 kWh
$337 per year
$1,348 minus $337 = $1,011
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Appraisal Notes of Value
Stormwater is managed away from storm sewers Conditioned buildings are orientated to favor climatic Structures are sized to dimensional materials Site is in close proximity to ancillary services Capability to use renewable energy sources Facilitates the reuse of gray water
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Appraisal Notes of Value
Buildings designed for future reuse and adaptability Landscaped with low maintenance vegetation Built with materials of low offgas pollutants Employs high efficiency air cooling/heating units Capable of zone heating and cooling Forced air ducts insulated or installed in conditioned
space
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Appraisal Notes of Value
Energy Star or better appliances in use Utilizes water-efficient fixtures Solar water preheat system in use Task lighting replaces general lighting Light fixtures fitted with auto on/off switching Sealed air leaks between conditioned and non-
conditioned space
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Appraisal Notes of Value
Thermal pane windows with shades and screens Insulation of R-25 or better Attic space is vented Moisture controls installed in non-conditioned spaces Smoke and CO detectors inplace and operational Provision for recycling common trash
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Quiz
How well do you know your house?
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Appliance Annual Energy Use
Appliance kWh/year Lighting General 722.0 Fluorescent 156.0 Refrigerator (19 cubic feet, top freezer) 533.0 Dishwasher (excluding hot water production) 121.0 Clothes washer (excluding hot water production) 108.0 Clothes dryer 1000.0 Cooktop and oven 822.0 Microwave 135.0
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Appliance Annual Energy Use
Appliance kWh/year Television (assumes multiple units) 117.0 Vacuum Cleaner 31.0 Blender 7.3 Disposal 9.9 Coffee maker 92.4 Iron 52.9 Toaster Oven 49.6 Hair Dryer 35.0
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Appliance Annual Energy Use
Appliance kWh/year Griddle 5.5 Air Popper 6.2 Cable Box 113.9 Video Recorder 56.6 Rack Audio 70.5 Doorbell 44.2 Computer 262.1 Clock 25.9
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Appliance Annual Energy Use
Appliance kWh/year Answering Machine 35.0 Radio/Clock 17.9 Cordless Phone 25.9 Video Game 24.1 Boom Box 19.0 Door Opener 44.2 Security System 43.1 Printer 44.9
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Summary
Green is really resource conservation Energy conservation is the real answer to lower energy
costs Properties with energy conservation practices in place
have more potential value Appraisal notes are the place to identify additional
property values