04 By-pmlucts related to fuels

95104889 Calorlmetrlc study of cement blends containing fly ash, slllca fume, and slag at elevated temperatures Ma, W. cr al., Gem. Concr. Aggregates, 1994, 16, (2), 93-B. The hydration behaviour of blended cements contaming fly ash, silica fume, and granulated blast-furnace slag over the temperature range of 10 to 55’ was studied by isothermal calorimetry.

95104879 Demlnerallzatlon of some oil shales. Thrse step treatment by hydrotluorlc ecld hydrochloric acid Sato, S. and Enomoto, M. 1080-1083. (In Japanese)

Nippon Enerugi Gakkaishi, 1994, 73, (12),

Describes the demineralixation of Thai, Colorado and Condor oil shales carried out by a three step treatment.

95104870 Carbon black sclenco and technology Bonnet& J. B. er al., (edr) Marcel Dekker Inc., 270 Mad&n Ave., New York, Ny.10016, USA, $199.00, 480~~. This second edition has been revised and expanded. Provides detailed examinations of recent developments in the processing and applications of carbon black, including the use of analytical tools such as scanning tunnel- ling microsco

E y. Founer transform infrared spectroscopy, and inverse gas

chromatonrao v.

Q!i/Q4880 Dlablnd: An alkali-actlvated slag fly ash blndrr for acid-resistant concrete Blaakmeef, J. Adv. Cent. Based Mater., 1994, 1, (6), 275-276. Diabind tunder is made by integrinding granulated blast-furnace slag fly ash, and a small amount of portland clinker to a fineness of &OO &kg (blaine). After cooling the mixture to <40“, the ready to use binder is obtained by blending the required amount of coarse sodium metasilicate

95lO4871 Catalytic decomposition of ammonia In a mem- brane reactor Collins, J. P. and Dou@s Way, J. J. Me&r. Sci, 1994,%, (3). 259-274. The use of a composite Pd-ceramic membrane reactor was demonstrated for ammonia decomposition in coal gasification processes at temperatures, pressures, and ammonia, nitrogen, and hydrogen concentrations within the range of conditions found at industrial plants. Ammonia conversions from the packed-bed membrane reactor were compared to experimental conver- sions from a conventional packed bed reactor operated under identical conditions.

with the inierground-mixture.- The optimum composition of the binder is a compromise between acid resistance and strength.

95iO4881 Early-stren P

h development of portland cement mortars contalnlng alr c asslfled fly ashes Paya, J. et al., Gem Concr. Res., 1995, 25, (2 449-456. Presents a study of the effect of different fly a $ sized fractions on com- pressive and flexural strength of blended cement mortar.

95lQ4882 EELS and electron dlffractometrv on s transttlon

85184872 Characterlstlcs of s lubrlcatlng oil base stock pro- duced from Rundls shale oil Sergeant, G. D. er aJ., Fuel Process. TechnoL, 1995, 41, (2), 147-157. Shale oil derived from the pyrolysis of shale from the Rundle! Queensland de osit was processed by atmospheric and vacuum distillation, and two so vent extraction processes, using N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for dearo- P matization and Me iso-Bu ketone MIBK) for dewaxin

6 to produce a

olY significant yield of low-viscosity hig -viscosity-index pr uct in the lubri- cating oil range. The products derived from the processing together with some

t” troleum-derived lubricating oil base stocks were analyzed for ele-

menta composition, viscosity and viscosity index, and by chromatography. h’MP extraction reduced the aromatics content of the vacuum distillate and a high-grade wax was prpduced in the dewaxing stage. The dearomatixed gaxed product had a vtscosity at 40” of 12.48 cSt and viscosity index of

from C80 fullerene to diamond I

Hirai. H. and Kondo, K. Fulferene Science & Tech., 1995, 3, (4), 369-376. A shock induced transition process from C, fullerene to diamond was examined, exploring changes in electron state and structure by usin elec- tron ener recovere d

y-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and electron diifractometry or the P samples from the 16 to 26 GPa compression.

95104883 bitumens

An effect of polymers on thermal stablllty of

Zielinski, J. er aL, J. Therm. Anal, 1995, 43, f Presents the results of a study dealing with the ef l), 271-277. ect of ~lymers (selected

kinds) and plasticixer on thermal stability of coal-tar pitch.

95104873 Characterlzatlon of Athabascs ??sphaltenes by small-angle X-ray scattering Xu, Y. et al., Fuel, Jul. 1995, 74, cr), 960-964. Colloidal disDersion of Athabasca asuhaltene-s in toluene were studied at room temner&ure bv small-annle X-;av scattering &4XS1. Both 5% and 15% dis+rsions w&e found 6 be poi

95/04884 Effect of the quality coal-tar pltchss on ths physlcal propertles of anodes Gontarev, V. et OL, Kovbuz, Zlitine Tehnol., 1994, 28, (l), 219-221. Qn Slovak)

distribution peak at a concentration-m ependent average radius of 33k *d dispersea spherea with the main

The main distribution peak was skewed to the right, similar to a Schultz distribution. Chviig to interparticle correlation, a small proportion of the particles could be interpreted as forming larger aggregates, the size of which appeared to decrease on increasing the concentration of dispersion.

95/04885 Electrlcal propertles of bltumen emulsions Sowa, J. M. et aL, Fuel, Aug. 1995.74, (&?), 1176-1179. The complex dielectric constant @ermittivity) of water-in-bitumen emul- sion was measured for emulsions with water volume fractions ranging from 0 to 0.5, in ste lation was observe

s of 0.1. Significant departure from theoretical calcu- (iy and was attributed to the presence of polar compo-

95104874 Chsmlcal constltutlon of asphaltenss Bestougeff, M. A. and Byramjee, R. J. Dev. Pet. Sci, 199$49,67-94. Topics discussed include: definition of asphaltenes as a cherrucal heteroatomic compounds; molecules, particles, and micelles in asp

oup of #? altenes;

molecular structure of petroleum asphaltenes, carbon skeleton and molecu- lar formulas of asplialtenes, lo&on of heteroatoms, separation of asphaltenes by chemical functionalities, and occurrence, formation and geochemical evolution of petroleum asphaltenes.

nents in the bitumen. Owing to the interfacial relaxation was found to &

resence of at in the water phase, ihe *l MI-Ix. Low-frequency measure-

ments can therefore be used to estimate the water volume fraction in labo- ratory emulsion flow experiments.

95104888 nanotubes

Electron mlcroscoplc study of heat-treatsd csrbon

A&$6: and Ohkohchi, M. FuUerene Science & Tech., 1995, 3, (4).

95/04875 Coal tar and its dlstlllatlon products: A contribution to the hlstory of technology and roll pollution Wiesmann, U. BioL Abwasserreinig, 1994, 3-18. Qn German) The author discusses the 170-year history of coal tar production and its distillation

P roducts for use as dyes and medicine and today’s groundwater

and soil po lution by coal tar.

&bon nanotubes, which were mae by DC arc discharge of a gra hitc electrode, were heat-treated at about 250°C in intermediate vacuum o P 10’ Torr and 105 Torr. Considerable thickening of carbon nanotubes and peri- odic morphology like that of living organisms were observed by scanning electron microscopy.

95/84878 Coal tar pitch fractionation by means of an lodlne charge transfer complexlng method Wiecek, I. and Kaczmarska, H. Karbo-Energochem.-EkoL, 1994.39, (S), 103-104. 206-210. (In Polish) Charge transfer corn lexing was used for coal-tar pitch fractionation using different auantitv 0 P* iodine as the electron mx~tor. The fraction.9 thus obtained were c&bonixcd.

95/04887 Examlnatlon of eastern US oil shale by-products and their markets Taulbec, D. N. et aL, Fuel, Aug. 1995, 74, (8). lll&1124. Established and tential examined in an e t!”

oil shale product and by-product markets are ort to identify components or process configurations that

might improve process economics and to evaluate promising directions for future research. These include trace elements, sulphur, cement, asphalt, bricks, fixed gases, specialty carbon fibres, adsorbent carbons, chemicals and chemical feedstc&s. Mtiket evaluations for the most part are based on the yields of by- roduct Kentort fluid&d- g

expected from an eastern US oil shale. using ed technolo~ in a 6800 t day” plant. For certain value-

added products such as speciabty fibrea and adsorbent carbons, the discus- sion is more general.

95184877 Concrets sddltlve (FA). Ouallty from ths productlon to the appllcatlon Backes, H. P. VGB KrajIwerkstech., 1994,74, (lo), 894-896.

B n German)

The paper discusses bituminous coal fly ash as an additive or concrete production.

95/04878 Degreaslng agents for coal ash 95/04888 0 asawara, T. and Henmi, A.

Flxatlon of fine coal ash for road pavement

A&io, (Assigned to) Ogasawara Tama; Henmi Takada, T. and Tsutsumi, IL (Assigned to) Kawasaki Heat.y Ind Ltd,

JAP. Pat. JP.O7,26,293, Jan 1995. JAP. Pa& JP.O6,305,791, Nov. 1994.

338 Fuel and Energy Abstracts September lQ95