9c plants and photosynthesis
TRANSCRIPT
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KS3 Biology
9C Plants andPhotosynthesis
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9C Plants and Photosynthesis
Contents
Leaes and gl!"ose
S!##ary a"tiities
$oots and water
%hat is &hotosynthesis'
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(ow do &lants grow'
Many years ago people
thought that plants ate soil
and that made them grow.
Think about it, if that really
happened then there
wouldnt be any soil left!
Plants actually grow by
#aking their own food,
not by eating soil!
So where does the stuff
that plants are made of
come from?
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(ow do &lants #ake their own food'
ne of the raw materials that plants need to make food
does come from the soil)the other comes from the air.
hat are these two raw materials called?
Plants use carbon dio"ide and water to make their own food
in a chemical reaction. hat is the name of this reaction?
"ar*on dio+ide,fro# the air-
water
,fro# the soil-
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(ow do &lants #ake their own food'
Plants make their food from carbon dio"ide and water in a
chemical reaction called...
&hotosynthesis.
The food made by photosynthesis is the sugar gl!"ose.
/+ygengas is also made as a by#product of photosynthesis.
o+ygen
gl!"ose"ar*on dio+ide,fro# the air-
water
,fro# the soil-
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(ow do &lants grow'
Plants need energyfor photosynthesis to take place.
here does this energy come from?
The energy for photosynthesis comes from the Sun.
here in a plant does photosynthesis take place?
o+ygen
gl!"ose"ar*on dio+ide,fro# the air-
water
,fro# the soil-
light energy
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(ow do &lants grow'
Plant cells in the upper surface of lea$es ha$e "hloro&lasts
which contain the green pigment called "hloro&hyll.
o+ygen
gl!"ose"ar*on dio+ide,fro# the air-
water
,fro# the soil-
light energy
%t is chlorophyll that absorbs light energy from the Sun
to make photosynthesis happen.
"hloro&hyll
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Photosynthesis s!##ary
Plants make their own food by the process of &hotosynthesis.
%n this chemical reaction, chlorophyll in plant cells absorbs lightenergy to change carbon dio"ide and water into glucose and
the by#product o"ygen.
hat is the word e&uation for photosynthesis?
gl!"ose
light energy
"hloro&hyll
"ar*ondio+ide
water o+ygen
This e&uation can be read as'
(carbon dioxide and water, in the presence of light energy
and chlorophyll, produces glucose and oxygen).
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%hat is needed for &hotosynthesis'
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Photosynthesisword e!ation a"tiity
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9C Plants and Photosynthesis
Contents
Leaes and gl!"ose
S!##ary a"tiities
$oots and water
%hat is &hotosynthesis'
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(ow are leaes ada&ted'
*ea$es are small +factories
that produce food for plants
by photosynthesis.
*ea$es are ada&tedso that
photosynthesis can take place.
Plants need carbon dio"ide,water, sunlight and chlorophyll
to carry out this important
process.
hat features of lea$es
make them suitable for
photosynthesis?
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(ow are leaes ada&ted'
The features of leaf that make it
suitable for photosynthesis are'
leaf is *roadand flatto
capture lots of sunlight.
carry water to the leaf
and take food from the leafto the rest of the plant. -eins
also help to support the leaf.
ertain plant cells contain
"hloro&lastswith "hloro&hyll.
Small holes called sto#atain
the underside of a leaf allow
gases in and out.
eins
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6nside a leaf
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%hat do &lants !se gl!"ose for'
gl!"ose
Some glucose is used straight away inres&iration. Plants also carry out respiration to
release the energy they need for life processes.
Some glucose is con$erted into star"h and othersubstances for storage. These stores of energy
can be used later when the plant needs them.
Some glucose is used to make new "he#i"alssuch as proteins, sugars and fatsthat the plant
also needs to function properly.
hat do plants with the glucose made by photosynthesis?
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7esting leaes for star"h
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9C Plants and Photosynthesis
Contents
Leaes and gl!"ose
S!##ary a"tiities
$oots and water
%hat is &hotosynthesis'
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(ow does water enter a &lant'
%ateris one of the raw materials
needed for plants to carry out
photosynthesis.
/ow does water enter a plant?
ater from the soilenters a plantthrough the roots.
0ou cant normally see them but
roots are a $ery important part of a plant.
hy are roots branched and spread out through the soil?
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(ow are roots ada&ted'
1oots are branched and spread out
for two reasons'
to absorb water 2and mineral salts3
from a large amount of soil.
to anchor the plant in the soil.
Taking a closer look, roots are
co$ered in root hair "ells.
1oot hair cells ha$e thin wallsand a large s!rfa"e areato help
them absorb lots of water.
/ow are roots adapted to their 4ob?
water
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%hy do &lants need water'
ater is needed by plants for photosynthesis
but this importantli&uid is also used in many
other ways'
to pro$ide dissoled #ineralsthat keep the plants healthy5
to trans&ort s!*stan"esaround the plant5
to keep the plant rigid and !&right5
to keep the plant "ool5
to allow other "he#i"al rea"tionsto occur in plant cells.
hat happens to a plant if it does not get enough water?
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9C Plants and Photosynthesis
Contents
Leaes and gl!"ose
S!##ary a"tiities
$oots and water
%hat is &hotosynthesis'
8l
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8lossary
"hloro&hyll The green pigment inside chloroplaststhat plants need for photosynthesis to take place.
"hloro&lastThe part of a plant cell wherephotosynthesis occurs.
gl!"ose The sugar plants make during photosynthesis.
&alisade "ell type leaf cell with lots of chloroplasts.&hotosynthesis The process by which plants use
carbon dio"ide and water to produce glucose and o"ygenin the presence of light and chlorophyll.
star"h 6"tra glucose from photosynthesis is stored asthis substance which can be tested for with iodine.
sto#ata Small holes in the lower surface of a leafthat allow gases in and out.
+yle# Tubes in $eins that carry water around a plant.
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:nagra#s
; lti l h i i
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;!lti&le