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Subject Index

Central (secondary) vestibular neurons (canal)

adaptation 61-66 (frog) 70-71 (cat) dendritic spikes 52 electrical transmission 52-54 field potentials 47-4;9 (frog);

55-57 (cat) input-output 64-65 (frog);

71-72 (cat) latencies (EPSPs) 50 (frog);

58,74-76 (cat) null points 60 qualitative responses 60-61 quantitative responses 61-66 (frog);

66-74 (cat) responses to natural stimulation

59-66 (frog); 66-74 (cat) resting discharge 60 (frog); 68 (cat) sinusoidal stimulation 65-66 synaptology of vestibular input

47-54 (frog); 54-59,74-76 (cat) threshold 65 (frog); 73 (cat) time constant 68-70 (cat); 61-66

(frog) Central vestibular neurons (otolith) 76-77 Cerebellar stimulation effects 142..154

anterior, posterior lobe on brain stem 153-154

flocculus on brain stem 143-150 nodulus/uvula on brain stem 150-153

Cerebellar vermis (lob. I-VIII), input to extraocular proprioceptive 141 neck afferent 141-142 vestibular 133-140

Commissural vestibular system 78-92 crossed excitation 81-84 crossed field potentials 78-81 crossed inhibition 84-88 function 89-92 pharmacology 88-89

Efferent control electrical stimulation 42 function 42-45 natural stimulation 40-41

Interstitial nucleus of Cajal 178-181

Lagena function 35-40 innervation 5-6

Ocular motoneurons acceleration steps 197-199 action potential 161-165 afterpotentials 165-166 canal-otolithic convergence 200-203 current-frequency behavior 168-169 electrical properties 161-169 membrane resistance 166-168 responses to natural stimuli 195-203 responses to ramp stimulation 201-202 sinusoidal rotation 199-203

Otolithic afferents anatomy 4-6 effects of perilymphatic leakage 36-37 physiology, unidentified 29-35;

identified afferents 35-40 responses to sinusoidal stimulation

30-33, 37-40 tonic, phasic-tonic, phasic units 30-35,

35-40

Polarization of receptors functional 4,6-12 morphological 3-4

Prepositus hypoglossi nucleus 178, 203-210

Purkinje cells (responses to natural vestib-ular stimulation)

adaptation 104, 116 frog 103-107, 111-116 gain 110,112,116 phase 111-113 (simple spikes);

114-115 (complex spikes) rabbit 107-111 receptor convergence 106,116-118 saccadic modulation 127-132 thresholds 103, 106 time constants 104,107,116

226

Receptor properties 3-4 Reticular neurons

gain 208-209 neural integrator role 210 phase 208-209 prepositus hypoglossi neurons 203-210 responses to acceleration steps 203-206 responses to sinusoidal stimuli 206-210 time constant 205

Sacculus function 29-40 innervation 5-6

Semicurcular canals function 6-28 innervation 5-6

Semicircular canal afferents adaptation 16-18 anatomy 4-5 . cat 28 frog 6-28 gain 19,28 identification 8-14 input-output relation 18-19 nul1points 8-14 physiology 6-28

qualitative 6-14 quantitative 15-28

response to acceleration steps 6-8, 15-25 response to gravity input 3 1 response to sinusoidal stimulation 25-28 response to velocity steps 15-25 resting discharge 6, 25 threshold 19 time constant 20-24; 27-28

Subject Index

Torsion pendulum model 24-25

Utriculus function 29-40 innervation 5-6

Vestibular nerve 4-6 anterior, posterior branches 5-6 central projection 46-59 peripheral projection 5-6

Vestibular nuclei (see central vestibular neurons)

Vestibulocerebellum anatomy 93-94 evoked potentials 94-99 (cat);

99-102 (frog) functional overview 154-160 natural stimulation (see Purkinje cells) phylogeny 93 vestibular input (synaptology) 94-101

Vestibuloocular reflex bouton termination 175-176 excitatory pathways 170-171 field potentials 171-174 functional synaptolgoy 169-181 (cat);

176 (frog) inhibitory pathways 170-171 intracellular potentials 174-176 ionic mechanisms of inhibition 190-195 morphological synaptology 181-185 otolith-ocular 176-177 pharmacology 185-190 polysynaptic pathways 178-181 three-neuronal arc; canal-ocular 170-171 transmitter (inhibitory) 185-190

Studies of Brain Function Editors: H. B. Barlow, E. Florey, O.-J. Grlisser, H. van der Loos Co-ordinating Editor: V. Braitenberg

Studies of Brain Function is a series of monographs in neurobiology. The area covered extends from the sensory to the effector neuron, with methods ranging from those of basic science to those of clinical observation. The main focus is on the question of how , nervous tissue handles information.

Brain research is a field in rapid evo­lution, exerting a powerful attraction on beginners as well as on scientists from neighbouring disciplines. The newcomer to the field is, however, often repelled by the abundance of esoteric papers and discouraged by the lack of texts that lead directly to advanced understanding. This new series of self-contained monographs, besides providing information on current achievements and ideas, should serve as a didactic guide to the study of the function of the brain.

- .

Volume 1 W. Heiligenberg

Principles of Electrolocation and Jamming Avoidance in Electric Fish A Neuroethological Approach

58 figures, 1 table. XI, 85 pages. 1977 ISBN 3-540-08367-7

Contents: General Physiological and Anatomical Background: The Electric Organ. Electroreceptors. Taxonomy of Electrolocating Fish. The Spectral Composition of Electric Organ Dis­charges. The Neuroanatomy of Elec­tric Fish. - The Mechanism of Electro­location: Spatial Aspects of Electro­location. Response Characteristics and Central Projections of Tuberous Electroreceptors. Central Processing of Electric Images. Behavioral Meas­ures of Electro lac at ion Performance. Electrolocation Performance in the Presence of Electric Noise and Mecha­nisms of Jamming Avoidance. Neuro­nal Mechanisms Linked to Jamming Avoidance and Electrolocation Under Jamming Conditions. Hypotheses and Results. Speculations on the Evo­lution of Pulse- and Wave-type Elec­tric Fish.

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York

Frog Neurobiology A Handbook

Editors: R.Llimis, W. Precht With contributions by numerous experts

711 figures. XIV, 1046pages. 1976 ISBN 3-540-07606-9

This handbook is designed as an up-to-date review of all aspects offrog neurobiology. Its major emphasis is on the morphology and electro-physio­logy of the nervous system covering biophysics of nerve conduction and neuromuscular junction, morphology and physiology ofperepheral recep­tors and central sensory systems, morphology and physiology of spinal cord, brain stem, cerebellum and forebrain, autonomic nervous system, endo­crinology and skin physiology. It is the aim of this Handbook to compile available information on this extremely useful preparation. It has become ob­vious that the simple vertebrate, especially the frog, has in the last century been a central subject of study in neurobiology. Furthermore, the frog, as a biological preparation, will become even more important in the future in view of its hardiness and tHe simplicity of its care. Finally, anuran cover an enormous number of species, representing a variety of adaptations which offer the neurobio­logist an almost inexhaustible source ofknow­ledge.

Contents: Peripheral Systems. - Sensory Systems: Olfaction. Vision. Vestibular and Lateral Line Systems. Auditory System. Gustatory System. ' Cutaneous Receptors. Muscle Spindles.- Central Nervous System: Spinal Cord. Brain Stem. Cere­bellum. Development. Nonolfactory Cortex. -Neuroendocrinology. - General Techniques. -Subject Index.