A Bibliographic Roadmap miscellany

Vocabularies in space, time, and nets

Gordon DunsirePresented to NISO BibRM Group

20 November 2015

Overview

1. Multilingual vocabularies: vocabularies in space

2. Describing change: vocabularies in time3. Semantic maps: vocabularies in nets

Types of vocabulary

Vocabulary Definition* In scopeDataset Set of triples about individuals or

things.No

Value vocabulary

Set of triples about values for use in datasets.

Yes

Element set Set of triples about properties and classes for use in datasets.

Yes

*http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/lld/XGR-lld-vocabdataset-20111025/

Multilingual vocabulariesVocabularies in space

Multilingual vocabularies

Direct translations of element set (class and property) and value concept labels, definitions, notations, etc.Use RDF separation of machine-readable identifier

(URI) from human-readable (translatable!) data (literal).

One URI + multiple labels in multiple languagesLinking vocabularies developed independently

in different languages involves Semantic maps

http://metadataregistry.org/concept/show/id/4675.html

25 languages1 URI

Spanish translation of English property

InflectedLanguages

vs1 x

preference

AvoidInflected

Labels(adjectives)

Canonical URI (language-free)

Lexical alias

rdam:typeDeMédia.fr

rdam:medientyp.de

rdam:tipoDeMedio.es

Issues

Linked data structures cannot always be applied consistently across languagesInflected languagesSubject-predicate-object syntax may not be

compatible; e.g. verbalized predicate labels(is) donor (of)(has) donor

Translations may not be direct/exactConceptual mis-alignment

Describing changeVocabularies in time

Versioning

Vocabularies changeAdditions, deletions, amendments, typos

Linked open data is designed for persistenceCf Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS)Lots of out-of-date stuff cannot be removed

Deletion is not helpful; deprecation isSemantic coherency requires consistencySemantic versioning helps applications decide

Alert feed

Changehistory(atomic)

Semantic versioning (RDA)A change that has no effect on the semantics of any

Element will result in a 'patch' version that will increment the third segment of the number: "1.1.X"

A change that affects the semantics of any property of any Element will result in a 'minor' version that will increment the second segment "1.X.0", and reset the third segment to 0

A change that breaks backwards semantic compatibility will result in a 'major' version change that increments the first segment "X.0.0", and resets the other segments to 0. We expect major versions to be extremely rare.

GitHubVersionControl

Roll-back to previous versions allows applicationsto synchronize with compatible (semantic) version

Status keeps track of development

Deprecationmap helps

applicationsre-synch

Semantic mapsVocabularies in nets

Semantic mapping

Links two classes, properties, or conceptsfrom the same or different namespaces

a:Class

b:Class

a:property

b:property

a:concept

b:concept

sub-property ofsub-class of narrower of

coarse/dumb

fine/smart

Equivalence

Unconstrainedversions

Map of“Audience”

umarc:m “adult, general”

“adult, serious”

pbcore:adult “adult”

m21:e “adult”

MPAA:NC-17?

BBFC:18?

Element sets (schema)

Value vocabularies (KOS)

Broader/narrower/same?

m21:“Target audience of …”

m21:“Target audience” frbrer:

“has intended audience”

schema:“audience”

dct:“audience”

rdau:“Intended audience”

isbd:“has note on use or audience”

isbdu:“has note on use or audience”

rdaw:“Intended audience”

rdfs:subPropertyOf

umarc:k

ex:“has label”ex:

Property1 “has author”@en

ex:Property2

ex:“is sub-propertyof”

“has creator”@enex:“has label”

Inference rules: sub-property

ex:“This work” “Gordon Dunsire”

ex:“has author”

ex:“This work” “Gordon Dunsire”

ex:“has creator”

Unconstrained properties

ISBDURDAU

ISBDRDA

WorkExpression

ManifestationItem

Resource

[Linked data cloud, not RDF graph]

Unconstrained(No entitySpecified)

Remove semanticsof (dumb-down)

specific classes

Discussion

http://www.gordondunsire.com/presentations.htm

http://www.gordondunsire.com/publicationsrecent.htm

https://www.w3.org/community/bpmlod/Best Practices for Multilingual Linked Open Data

http://www.rdaregistry.info/rgAbout/versions.html

http://www.rdaregistry.info/Maps/