A Brief History of Nuclear Science at MSU

Zach ConstanNSCL Outreach Coordinator

A Tradition of Continuous Improvement

Accelerator Innovations have driven Discovery Science at MSU

K50 K500 K1200 CCF ReA FRIBLight ions Heavy ions Rare isotopes

Reactions Reactions +Structure, +Astro +Applied, +Fundamental

Nucleon-nucleus

interaction

Nuclear temperature,transport theory

Drip lines, new isotopes, shell evolution

Predictive nuclear model,origin of elements,

application of isotopes

Our laboratory so far

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 4

Science Questions from the 2015 Long Range Plan for Nuclear Physics

• How did visible matter come into being and how does it evolve?

• Are the fundamental interactions that are basic to the structure of matter fully understood?

• How does subatomic matter organize itself and what phenomena emerge?

• How can the progress provided by nuclear physics best be used to benefit society?

1964: The Original Building

• President John Hannah hires Henry Blosser in 1958 to establish nuclear physics group at MSU

• NSF Approves funding for sector-focused K50 cyclotron

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 5

1965: Research with the K50 Cyclotron

• Single-turn extraction cyclotron offers more precise energies

• World-leading resolution in studies of various reactions

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 6

1982: Research with the K500 Cyclotron

• World’s first superconducting cyclotron: 500 MeV/u for a proton

• Creation of a new National Laboratory at MSU

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 7

1989: Research with the K1200 Cyclotron

• World’s highest-energy cyclotron for 20 years

• Imparting 1200 MeV/u for a proton

• Independent operation of K500 and K1200

• Many new detectors come online

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 8

1992: Medical Cyclotron begins operation

• Funded by and installed at Harper Hospital in Detroit

• Provided targeted neutron therapy for 20 years

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 9

2001 to the present: CCF

Coupled cyclotron facility and experimental beam lines

A person

• Higher ionization -> more efficient acceleration -> higher energies

• Fast-beam fragmentation for rare isotope production

• Focus on world-leading rare-isotope research

• Production of >1000 isotope beams for study

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 10

2015: Research with ReA3 ReAccelerator

0.085 module

0.041 modulesRT RFQ

MHB

Q/A

EBITCharge Breeder

• A linear accelerator made of fifteen superconducting radio-frequency cavities

• Produces RIBs useful for nuclear astrophysics studies

Zachary Constan - NSCL Outreach 11

2022: Facility for Rare Isotope Beams

NSCL today

Research Space (130 m)

FRIB design

MSU will host the next-generationFacility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB)the $730 million discovery machine that we imagined, designed, and will build by 2022350-meter-long folded linear accelerator

>200 MeV/u, up to 400x beam power

PresenterPresentation NotesNo updates 7/7/17 – CB No changes 1/24/18 – CB

• Funded by U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (DOE-SC) supporting the mission of the Office of Nuclear Physics in DOE-SC• 2008 – FRIB Awarded to MSU• 2014 – Construction started • 2017 – Civil construction completed• 2021 – Early completion

• >1,350 users from 50+ countries• Key feature is 400 kW beam

power for all ions (5x1013 238U/s)• Separation of isotopes in-flight

• Fast development timefor any isotope

• Suited for all elementsand short half-lives

• Fast, stopped, and reaccelerated beams

Facility for Rare Isotope Beams

NSCL Reach vs. FRIB Reach

Isotopes created and studied at current NSCL

FRIB will help us to understand stellar nucleosynthesis in detail!

r-process

The Exploration Continues

K50 K500 K1200 CCF ReA FRIB ???Light ions Heavy ions Rare isotopes ???

Reactions Reactions +Structure, +Astro +Applied, +Fundamental ???

Nucleon-nucleus

interaction

Nuclear temperature,transport theory

Drip lines, new isotopes, shell evolution

Predictive nuclear model,origin of elements,

application of isotopes???

Safety First

DON’T put anything in your mouth (eat, drink, chew gum)

DO obey posted signs

DON’T take photos/video

DO watch your head and step

DON’T sit or lean on things

DO stay with your guide

DON’T touch equipment

More Safety Information

• The tour route is a long walk, including climbing down and then back up 56 stairs

• You must wear Personal Protective Equipment provided– Vest– Hard Hat– Safety Glasses

• Closed-toe shoes are required• Be aware that magnetic field and oxygen deficiency

hazards may be present• A safety survey has been conducted to check that the tour

route is safe for visitors• In case of alarm, there will be lights and an announcement

– evacuate to the nearest safe exit• Follow the directions of your tour guide

More Safety Information

• The tour route is a long walk, including climbing down and then back up 56 stairs

• You must wear Personal Protective Equipment provided– Vest– Hard Hat– Safety Glasses

• Closed-toe shoes are required• Be aware that magnetic field and oxygen deficiency

hazards may be present• A safety survey has been conducted to check that the tour

route is safe for visitors• In case of alarm, there will be lights and an announcement

– evacuate to the nearest safe exit• Follow the directions of your tour guide

A Brief History �of Nuclear Science at MSUA Tradition of Continuous ImprovementAccelerator Innovations have driven Discovery Science at MSUOur laboratory so far1964: The Original Building1965: Research with the K50 Cyclotron1982: Research with the K500 Cyclotron1989: Research with the K1200 Cyclotron1992: Medical Cyclotron begins operation2001 to the present: CCF2015: Research with ReA3 ReAcceleratorSlide Number 12Facility for Rare Isotope BeamsNSCL Reach vs. FRIB ReachThe Exploration ContinuesSafety FirstMore Safety InformationMore Safety Information