a condensed history of american agriculture 1776 … condensed history of american agriculture 1776...
TRANSCRIPT
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A Condensed History of American Agriculture 1776–1999
1776–99
1785The Philadelphia Societyfor the Promotion ofAgriculture and otheragricultural groups organized
1793Invention of cotton gin
18001802George WashingtonParke Custis institutedagricultural fair inArlington, VA
18101810First American agricul-tural periodical, theAgricultural Museum,began publication
1820Agriculture Committee,U.S. House ofRepresentatives,established
1820
1825Agriculture CommitteU.S. Senate,established
e,
18301834McCormick reaperpatented
18401840’sThe growing use of fac-tory-made agriculturalmachinery increasedfarmer’s need for cashand encouraged com-mercial farming
1850’sCommercial corn andwheat belts began todevelop
1862U.S. Department ofAgriculture established
1862The drive for agricultur-al education culminatedin the passage of theMorrill Land GrantCollege Act
1862Homestead Act gavefree public land to per-sons willing to farm it
1865-70The sharecropping sys-tem in the Southreplaced the old slaveplantation system
1850 1860 18701874Availability of barbedwire allowed fencing ofrangeland, ending eraof unrestricted, open-range grazing
1887 Hatch ExperimentStation Act set upFederal-State coopera-tion in agriculturalresearch
1890Second Morrill Act broad-ened land -grant programand set up funding forblack land-grant schools
1890Census showed that thefrontier settlement erawas over
1890First Federal MeatInspection Act
1896
TEDRural Free Delivery(RFD) started
1880 1890
USDA
INSPEC
1900
1900-1910George WashingtonCarver, director of agri-cultural research atTuskegee Institute, pioneered in finding newuses for peanuts, sweetpotatoes, and soybeans,thus helping to diversifysouthern agriculture.
1902Reclamation Actfacilitated irrigation
1906Food and Drug Act, alandmark in food safety
1908President Roosevelt’sCountry LifeCommission was estab-lished and focusedattention on ruralproblems
19101914Smith-Lever ExtensionAct passed setting up anational extensionservice
1922Capper-Volstead Actgave cooperatives legalstanding
1932-36Drought and dust-bowlconditions developed
1933Agricultural AdjustmentAct (AAA) initiated cropand marketing controls
1936Soil Conservation andDomestic Allotment Actlinked farm programswith conservation
1936Rural Electrification Act(REA) greatly improvedquality of rural life
1945-70Revolution in agricultur-al technology broughtgreatly increased yieldsand more specialized,capital-intensive farms
1946National School LunchAct
1947General Agreement onTariffs and Trade(GATT) establishedworking proceduresthat substantiallyreduced tariffs betweenmember nations
1954Agricultural TradeDevelopment andAssistance Act (P.L.480) facilitated agricul-tural exports andforeign aid
1954-55Rural developmentprogram begins
1956Soil Bank Programauthorized
1920 1930 1940 1950 19601964Food Stamp Act andWar on Poverty
1970Environmental QualityImprovement Act
1980’sBiotechnology becamea viable technique forimproving crop andlivestock products
1985Food Security Act low-ered government farmsupports, promotedexports, and set up the Conservation ReserveProgram
1990Food, Agriculture,Conservation, andTrade Act and OmnibusBudget ReconciliationAct increased farmers’flexibility in plantingunder governmentprograms
1993Revised GeneralAgreement on Tariffsand Trade (GATT) andnew North AmericanFree Trade Agreement(NAFTA) lowered tradebarriers
1996Federal AgricultureImprovement andReform Act revisedfarm programs toincrease reliance onmarket signals
997SDA issues Civil Rightsction Team report, offer-
ng 92 recommendationsor overcoming pastnjustices
998ACCP is implemented
o target and reduce theresence of pathogens
n meat and poultry
999rop in many commodi-
ies prices, combined withisastrous weather inany parts of the country,
aused increasedemand for USDA farmrograms
999 he "Roadless Initiative"
s implemented to pre-erve roadless tracts inational Forests, secur-
ng fish and wildlife habi-at and protecting naturalesources
1970 1980 1990–991UAifi
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